Addictive Behaviors Reports最新文献

{"title":"Psychological distress, tobacco smoking and alcohol use: A population survey in Great Britain","authors":"Erikas Simonavičius ,&nbsp;Parvati R. Perman-Howe ,&nbsp;Deborah Robson ,&nbsp;Ann McNeill ,&nbsp;Loren Kock ,&nbsp;Jamie Brown ,&nbsp;Leonie S. Brose","doi":"10.1016/j.abrep.2025.100604","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.abrep.2025.100604","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aims</h3><div>Psychological distress, smoking and alcohol use are interconnected. This study explores how distress and smoking independently, and in combination, are associated with alcohol consumption, past attempts and motivation to restrict alcohol use among people in Great Britain.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Pooled cross-sectional data of people (aged ≥ 16) in Great Britain (N = 87326) collected monthly from April 2020 to June 2023 in the nationally representative Smoking and Alcohol Toolkit Study. Multinomial and binary logistic regressions assessed how past 30-day distress (Kessler Psychological Distress Scale) and smoking were associated with alcohol use risk level (AUDIT-C), past-year attempts to restrict alcohol use, and motivation to restrict alcohol use in three months, adjusting for sex, age, socioeconomic and geographic characteristics.</div><div>Findings.</div><div>The interaction between distress and smoking on alcohol use risk level was significant. At all distress levels, odds of using alcohol at increasing or high risk were higher among participants who smoked in the past or currently. Moderate or serious distress was associated with lower odds of using alcohol at increasing risk among participants who did not smoke. Higher distress was positively associated with past-year attempts to restrict alcohol use, while smoking in those reporting low–to–moderate distress was negatively associated with past-year attempts. Higher distress was positively associated with motivation to restrict alcohol use in three months.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Smoking currently or in the past was independently associated with increased odds of using alcohol at increasing- or high-risk levels. Among those not smoking, higher distress was associated with reduced odds of using alcohol at increasing risk.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38040,"journal":{"name":"Addictive Behaviors Reports","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100604"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143792073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patterns of substance use and associations with mental health and interpersonal violence among adolescents","authors":"Shannon N. Ogden ,&nbsp;Catherine Cortez ,&nbsp;Stacy A. Sterling ,&nbsp;Stacey E. Alexeeff ,&nbsp;Natalie E. Slama ,&nbsp;Cynthia I. Campbell ,&nbsp;Derek D. Satre ,&nbsp;Asma H. Asyyed ,&nbsp;Monique B. Does ,&nbsp;Andrea Altschuler ,&nbsp;Yun Lu ,&nbsp;Kelly C. Young-Wolff","doi":"10.1016/j.abrep.2025.100597","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.abrep.2025.100597","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To identify patterns of adolescent substance use and associated behavioral health characteristics among adolescents.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a cross-sectional study of 167,504 adolescents aged 13–17 who were screened for substance use, mental health symptoms, and interpersonal violence during well-check visits in a large healthcare system in California from 2021 to 2022. We conducted latent class analysis to identify patterns of substance use from four substance use behaviors (past-year alcohol, cannabis, other substance, and close friends’ use). We calculated the prevalence of depressive symptoms, suicidal ideation, bullying, physical abuse by an adult, sexual violence, and intimate partner violence for each substance use class compared to those with no reported substance use behaviors and estimated adjusted prevalence ratios using modified Poisson regression.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In total, 29,288 (17 %) adolescents reported ≥ 1 substance use characteristic. From those, we identified five latent classes with different patterns of substance use: <em>substance use among close friends</em> (37 %), <em>alcohol use</em> (21 %), <em>polysubstance use</em> (20 %), <em>cannabis use and some polysubstance use</em> (18 %), and <em>other substance use</em> (5 %). All classes had higher adjusted prevalence of mental health and interpersonal violence outcomes compared to those with no substance use characteristics, with the greatest differences being among the <em>polysubstance use</em> class.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The high prevalence of mental health and interpersonal violence outcomes among adolescents with substance use, even among those who only report close friends’ substance use, highlights the need for routine screening during well-check visits. Comprehensive routine social and behavioral health screening among adolescents is vital for early identification and intervention.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38040,"journal":{"name":"Addictive Behaviors Reports","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100597"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143681876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Residential cognitive–behavioral therapy versus therapeutic community for patients with methamphetamine use disorders in the Philippines: A randomized controlled trial","authors":"Takayuki Harada ,&nbsp;Tomohiro Shirasaka ,&nbsp;Toshiaki Baba ,&nbsp;Aya Mizusawa ,&nbsp;Alfonso Villaroman ,&nbsp;Rosalina Noguera-Caoile ,&nbsp;Ma. Alodia Mercado ,&nbsp;Jasmin Peralta ,&nbsp;Keigo Hatto ,&nbsp;Shogo Kanamori","doi":"10.1016/j.abrep.2025.100605","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.abrep.2025.100605","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>In the Philippines, an estimated 1.8 million people use methamphetamine. Despite the government’s anti-drug campaign, repressive methods have been ineffective. Thus, treatment and human services are needed. We developed a cognitive–behavioral therapy (CBT) program for residential and rehabilitation center-based treatment and examined its effectiveness<strong>.</strong></div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this block-randomized single-blinded trial, control group participants received therapeutic community-type treatment only, while the intervention group additionally participated in our CBT program for 6 months. Primary outcomes were methamphetamine re-use, measured by urine tests and self-report at 3-months post-discharge, and self-reported well-being at pre-discharge and 3-months post-discharge.</div></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><div>Participants (n = 326) were randomized into intervention (n = 162) and control (n = 164) groups. At follow-up, 3/27 (11.11 %) and 1/27 (3.70 %) participants in the respective groups had positive urine tests for drug re-use (χ²(1) = 1.08, n.s., r = 0.037, 95 %CI [-0.064, 0.212]). The self-reported drug re-use rate was significantly higher in the intervention group (χ²(1) = 9.18, p &lt; 0.01, r = 0.14 (95 %CI [0.050, 0.231]). However, pre-discharge self-rated health (F(1, 311) = 6.32, p &lt; 0.025, η² = 0.02, 95 %CI [0.001, 0.06]) and problem-focused coping (F(1, 311) = 6.50, p &lt; 0.025, η² = 0.021, 95 %CI [0.001, 0.06]) were significantly better among intervention group participants than among control participants.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Although without significant effect on drug re-use, the intervention had a small positive effect on patients’ well-being, coping skills, and other psychological variables. Additional research is required to develop effective treatments for methamphetamine use in this region.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38040,"journal":{"name":"Addictive Behaviors Reports","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100605"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143830091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanism that links perceived racism and discrimination and youth cannabis use, a structural equation modeling approach","authors":"Hongying Daisy Dai ,&nbsp;Brian Young ,&nbsp;Cheryl Beseler","doi":"10.1016/j.abrep.2025.100590","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.abrep.2025.100590","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and Objectives</h3><div>Exposure to discrimination stands as a prevalent social stressor and social determinant of health. This study sought to examine mechanisms linking perceived racism and discrimination (PRD) with youth cannabis use.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data were drawn from the 2021 Adolescent Behaviors and Experiences Survey (n = 7,705). Latent variables were constructed to assess stress and mental health, sleep disorder and lack of physical activity, lack of family and peer support, and financial adversity. Separate mediation analyses were conducted to examine the pathways from PRD to current (past 30-day), and frequent (≥20 days in the past 30-day) cannabis use, adjusted by sociodemographic factors.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Adolescents with PRD (vs. no PRD) reported a higher prevalence of current use (16.2 % vs. 10.9 %, p &lt; 0.0001) and frequent use (4.6 % vs. 2.7 %, p = 0.008). Stress and mental health mediated the pathways from PRD to current (β_{indirect effect} [SE] = 0.02 [0.01], p = 0.02) and frequent cannabis use (β_{indirect effect} [SE] = 0.03 [0.01], p &lt; 0.001). Financial adversity was associated with current (β [SE] = 0.15 [0.06], p = 0.01) and frequent cannabis use (β [SE] = 0.26 [0.08], p = 0.002). Sleep disorder and physical activity did not significantly mediate the relationship between PRD and current or frequent cannabis use. Lack of family and peer support showed no association with cannabis use.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This national study identified important latent factors that are associated with youth cannabis use. Targeted interventions that reduce stress might mitigate the impacts of PRD on adolescent’s cannabis use.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38040,"journal":{"name":"Addictive Behaviors Reports","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100590"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143429998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Repeated prefrontal tDCS improves cognitive emotion regulation and readiness for treatment in substance use disorder: A randomized sham-controlled study","authors":"Ali Salmani ,&nbsp;Sajjad Basharpoor ,&nbsp;Zahra Vaziri ,&nbsp;Mohammad Ali Salehinejad","doi":"10.1016/j.abrep.2025.100614","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.abrep.2025.100614","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Individuals with substance use disorder (iSUD) often show diminished motivation toward treatment-seeking and adherence, resulting in a higher relapse rate, especially during the abstinence phase. A key cognitive correlate of substance use and treatment-seeking behavior is the ability to regulate emotion. While transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) shows potential for treating SUD, most studies have focused on craving or cognitive deficits. This randomized, placebo-controlled study examines the effects of 15 daily sessions of prefrontal tDCS on treatment motivation and cognitive emotion regulation in iSUD during the abstinence phase.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Thirty-two young male iSUDs (mean age= 22.80±1.92) were randomly assigned to the experimental (n=16) or placebo (n=16) groups. The experimental group underwent 15 sessions of anodal left and cathodal right dlPFC stimulation (2 mA, 20 min), while the placebo group received sham stimulation over the same period. Assessments of readiness, eagerness, motivation for treatment, and cognitive emotion regulation were conducted before and after the intervention.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The active repeated prefrontal tDCS significantly boosted motivation for change and treatment in iSUD in comparison to sham tDCS. This intervention specifically improved participants’ recognition of issues related to their substance use and reduced ambivalence about it. Additionally, active prefrontal tDCS enhanced adaptive cognitive emotion regulation while reducing maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies in iSUD.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Repeated prefrontal tDCS can help iSUD during the abstinence phase to improve adaptive emotion regulation strategies, thereby boosting motivation for treatment seeking. Up and downregulation of left and right dlPFCs is a promising approach for cognitively and motivationally preparing iSUD for treatment-seeking.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38040,"journal":{"name":"Addictive Behaviors Reports","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100614"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143936997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nicotine and cannabis vaping among early high school adolescents: Disparities of use across sociodemographic characteristics and associations with psychosocial factors","authors":"Christine M. Steeger ,&nbsp;Charleen J. Gust ,&nbsp;Alyssa F. Harlow ,&nbsp;Christopher Cambron ,&nbsp;Jessica Barrington-Trimis ,&nbsp;Katie Massey Combs ,&nbsp;Ashley Brooks-Russell ,&nbsp;Karl G. Hill","doi":"10.1016/j.abrep.2024.100577","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.abrep.2024.100577","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><strong>Objective.</strong> This study examines whether adolescent nicotine and cannabis vaping types (i.e., nicotine-only, cannabis-only, and dual use) differ across sociodemographic and school characteristics (e.g., age, gender, sexual identity, race/ethnicity, socioeconomic status [SES], school setting/type), and associations of vaping types with psychosocial factors. <strong>Methods.</strong> From 2021 to 2022, 9th and 10th grade adolescents (N = 2,476) in Colorado and Ohio participated in a survey measuring vaping behaviors and psychosocial factors including substance use attitudes, alcohol use, mental health, aggression, and family and school risk and protective factors. <strong>Results.</strong> Past month vaping prevalence was 89.7 % for non-use, 5.9 % for nicotine-only, 1.0 % for cannabis-only, and 3.4 % for dual use. Chi-square tests of independence showed several significant sociodemographic differences for past month vaping: higher nicotine-only vaping prevalence for females (vs. males) (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001), higher nicotine-only and dual vaping prevalence for LGB+ (vs. heterosexual) youth (<em>p</em>s &lt; 0.01), higher dual vaping prevalence for Hispanic and multiethnic (vs. White) adolescents (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001), and higher nicotine-only, cannabis-only, and dual vaping prevalence for lower (vs. higher) mother education (<em>p</em>s &lt; 0.001). Regression models examining associations between vaping types (vs. non-use) and psychosocial factors indicated a robust pattern of worse levels of substance use attitudes, alcohol use, mental health, aggression, and family and school factors for nicotine-only and dual users. Results followed a similar pattern but to a lesser degree for cannabis-only users. <strong>Conclusions.</strong> Findings identify characteristics of adolescents who may be particularly vulnerable to higher vaping risk (females, LGB+, Hispanic, multiethnic, low SES) and suggest needs for preventive interventions aimed to reduce all types of vaping for better adolescent behavioral health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38040,"journal":{"name":"Addictive Behaviors Reports","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100577"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11697368/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142932664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Loneliness moderates the predictive effect of the trait-state FoMO pathway on problematic social media use","authors":"Rocco Servidio ,&nbsp;Francesco Craig ,&nbsp;Paolo Soraci ,&nbsp;Stefano Boca ,&nbsp;Renato Pisanti ,&nbsp;Zsolt Demetrovics ,&nbsp;Mark D. Griffiths","doi":"10.1016/j.abrep.2025.100612","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.abrep.2025.100612","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fear of missing out (FoMO) and loneliness have been identified as significant contributors to problematic social media use (PSMU). However, no prior research has examined the interplay between trait FoMO, state FoMO, the moderating role of loneliness, and their combined influence on PSMU within a unified model. The present study addressed this gap by testing a moderated-mediation model to investigate how trait FoMO, state FoMO, and loneliness jointly impact PSMU. A cross-sectional online survey was conducted with 356 participants (55.6 % female; <em>M</em>_age = 21.7 years, <em>SD_age</em> = 3.55) who completed the Trait-FoMO Scale, State-FoMO Scale, UCLA Loneliness Scale (Short Version), and the Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale. The results showed that females scored higher for PSMU than males, while age had no significant effect. Moderated-mediation analyses indicated that both trait-FoMO and state-FoMO were positively associated with PSMU. Moreover, state-FoMO partially mediated the relationship between trait-FoMO and PSMU, with loneliness moderating this pathway. More specifically, the association between trait-FoMO and state-FoMO was weaker at higher levels of loneliness but stronger when loneliness levels were low. These findings highlight FoMO as a major risk factor for PSMU, as well as emphasizing the importance of addressing loneliness in prevention and intervention efforts. This integrated model provides valuable insights for designing targeted strategies to mitigate the adverse effects of FoMO and loneliness on social media use.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38040,"journal":{"name":"Addictive Behaviors Reports","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100612"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143852052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validation of the Hungarian version of the Yale Food Addiction Scale 2.0 (YFAS 2.0)","authors":"Afework Tsegaye ,&nbsp;Zsófia Németh ,&nbsp;Eszter Kotyuk ,&nbsp;Virág Scheller ,&nbsp;Klaudia Szabó ,&nbsp;Orsolya Pachner ,&nbsp;Renáta Cserjési ,&nbsp;Zsolt Demetrovics ,&nbsp;H.N. Alexander Logemann","doi":"10.1016/j.abrep.2025.100596","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.abrep.2025.100596","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The Yale Food Addiction Scale 2.0 (YFAS 2.0) was recently updated to assess food addiction according to the DSM-5 criteria for substance-related and addictive disorders. This study aimed to validating the YFAS 2.0 on the Hungarian sample.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted with a sample of 605 participants. The instruments used for data collection included the YFAS 2.0, Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire Revised 21-Items (TFEQ-R21), The 21-item Barratt Impulsiveness Scale Revised (BIS-R-21), Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21). The factor structure, internal consistency and convergent validity of the Hungarian version of the YFAS 2.0 were evaluated.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Proportion to the current sample Food Addiction was 18.5 %. Confirmatory factor analysis supported a good fit for the single-factor model. The YFAS 2.0 symptom count demonstrated a positive correlation with TFEQ-R-21 subscales, ranging from 0.12 to 0.54, with BIS-R-21 subscales ranging from 0.24 to 0.49, and with DASS-21 subscales ranging from 0.41 to 0.50. The H-YFAS 2.0 food addiction severity was significantly associated with TFEQ-R-21, BIS-R-21, and DASS-21 subscales of the scales. All of which were statistically significant (p &lt; 0.001), indicating acceptable convergent validity.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The Hungarian version of the YFAS 2.0 has been validated in a nonclinical sample, demonstrating its utility as an effective tool for screening food addiction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38040,"journal":{"name":"Addictive Behaviors Reports","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100596"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143580417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring cannabis consumption stigma in Canada with consideration of age and gender differences","authors":"Emily C. Rowe ,&nbsp;Ashlee R.L. Coles ,&nbsp;Laura M. Harris-Lane ,&nbsp;Nick Harris ,&nbsp;Lisa Bishop ,&nbsp;Rachel Howells ,&nbsp;Jennifer Donnan","doi":"10.1016/j.abrep.2025.100608","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.abrep.2025.100608","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Despite cannabis legalization in Canada, stigma towards cannabis consumers remains evident, particularly toward younger cannabis consumers. Our study examined how stigma towards a young cannabis consumer differed by age and gender. Additionally, we explored the impacts of the participants’ cannabis consumption, age, and gender identity on their perceptions of stigma.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Canadian citizens, ages 18 years and older completed an online cross-sectional survey using an experimental vignette design (<em>N</em> = 1,114). Participants were randomly assigned to read one of six vignettes depicting a cannabis consumer that varied by age (14, 21, and 28 years) and gender (man, woman). Participants completed the Social Distance Survey as the dependent measure of stigma. Two factorial ANOVAs were conducted to assess the impacts of the vignette character’s age and gender, as well as the participant’s age and gender identity, on stigma.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Participants (<em>Mage</em> = 48.42, <em>SD</em> = 16.64) displayed more stigmatizing attitudes towards adolescent consumers (14-years-old) compared to 21-years-old or 28-years-old consumers. Additionally, older participants (70 + years) displayed more stigmatizing attitudes than younger participants (18–29 and 30–39 years old). Finally, participants who had not consumed cannabis within the past 6-months displayed more stigmatizing attitudes than those who reported any cannabis use frequency.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Stigma remains a concern, particularly toward younger cannabis consumers. These findings highlight the importance of developing targeted, early interventions, and education strategies aimed at reducing stigma, especially among those who hold more stigmatizing attitudes, such as non-cannabis consumers and older individuals, which could help mitigate negative outcomes like decreased help-seeking behavior and social isolation.</div></div><div><h3>Impact Statement</h3><div>Stigma toward cannabis consumers was greatest for younger consumers (14-years-old), followed by 21 and 28-year-olds. Specifically, older generations (70 + year old’s) endorsed more stigma compared to younger generations. There were no main effects on stigma toward cannabis consumers based on the vignette character’s gender or research participants’ gender identity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38040,"journal":{"name":"Addictive Behaviors Reports","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100608"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143922290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Do we need urine drug screens in opioid addiction treatment: An observational study on self-report versus urine drug screens","authors":"Alannah McEvoy ,&nbsp;Myanca Rodrigues ,&nbsp;Brittany B Dennis ,&nbsp;Jacqueline Hudson ,&nbsp;David C. Marsh ,&nbsp;Andrew Worster ,&nbsp;Lehana Thabane ,&nbsp;Zainab Samaan","doi":"10.1016/j.abrep.2024.100575","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.abrep.2024.100575","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The substance use crisis continues to progress. Medication for Opioid Use Disorder (MOUD) are prescribed to reduce opioid use and related harms; however, many individuals continue to use substances while on treatment. The objective of this study was to describe the temporal and demographic trends of the agreement between self-reported and urine tested substances.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The current study is a retrospective secondary analysis of three phases of a prospective cohort study (Pilot 2011, Genetics of opioid addiction (GENOA) 2013–2017, and Pharmacogenetics of opioid substitution treatment (POST)) 2018–2022) spanning 2011–2022. We compared the self-reported substance use data for opioids, benzodiazepines, amphetamine/methamphetamine (AMP/MET), and cocaine with urine drug results. We compared the positive predictive value (PPV), false omission rate (FOR), sensitivity, and specificity between (i) different drugs; (ii) by sex, and (iii) age group at enrollment in each phase of the study using self-reported substance use at baseline and retrospective electronic health record data on urine drug screenings collected over the same time period.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Overall, the average PPV and FOR for any drug across all phases was 80.7 % and 37.9 %, respectively. Sensitivity and specificity were highest for cocaine and lowest for benzodiazepines. We found no specific trend by sex. Lastly, we found a higher sensitivity for opioids and AMP/MET in those under 25 years of age compared to other age groups. PPV increased over time for benzodiazepines, AMP/MET and cocaine and FOR was higher during the pilot and POST phases than the GENOA phase.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Our study highlights the unique challenges associated with ascertaining substance use behaviour for individuals receiving MOUD, indicating many patients will accurately report substance use while others do not. It is therefore important to consider the context of the patient, and the type of the co-substance used to select patient-centred testing as indicated. Therefore, the answer to the question of do we need urine drug screen is yes in some cases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38040,"journal":{"name":"Addictive Behaviors Reports","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100575"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11667632/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142898799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}