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A Country of Defiance: Mapping the Casamance in Senegal. By Mark W. Deets. Athens: Ohio University Press, 2023 反抗之国：塞内加尔卡萨芒斯地图。马克-W-迪茨著。雅典：俄亥俄大学出版社，2023 年
Journal of Strategic Security Pub Date : 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.5038/1944-0472.17.1.2259
Ezenwa E. Olumba
{"title":"A Country of Defiance: Mapping the Casamance in Senegal. By Mark W. Deets. Athens: Ohio University Press, 2023","authors":"Ezenwa E. Olumba","doi":"10.5038/1944-0472.17.1.2259","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5038/1944-0472.17.1.2259","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37950,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Strategic Security","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140353017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Responding to Fait Accompli: Lessons from Crimea 应对 "既成事实"：克里米亚的教训
Journal of Strategic Security Pub Date : 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.5038/1944-0472.17.1.2180
Lan Di Ngo
{"title":"Responding to Fait Accompli: Lessons from Crimea","authors":"Lan Di Ngo","doi":"10.5038/1944-0472.17.1.2180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5038/1944-0472.17.1.2180","url":null,"abstract":"This article focuses on the nuanced decision-making process of Ukrainian leaders in the wake of Russia's 2014 annexation of Crimea. Utilizing primary sources, including transcripts of Ukraine's cabinet meeting, it seeks to explain why Kiev refrained from employing coercive means to immediately retake Crimea following the \u0000 fait accompli. The analysis reveals that decisions in such scenarios are typically influenced by a complex interplay of perceived territorial value and the strategic advantages of restraint. It also argues that fait accompli strategies can be strikingly effective when carried out with agility and minimal force, as demonstrated by Russia in Crimea. The findings offer a multifaceted understanding of the variables that shape state responses to territorial aggression, contributing to the broader discourse on territorial conflicts and deterrence.","PeriodicalId":37950,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Strategic Security","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140357756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Engagement with Radical Propaganda drives Cognitive Radicalization: An Analysis of a Right-Wing Online Ecosystem 参与激进宣传推动认知激进化：右翼网络生态系统分析
Journal of Strategic Security Pub Date : 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.5038/1944-0472.17.1.2160
Julius B Calvert
{"title":"Engagement with Radical Propaganda drives Cognitive Radicalization: An Analysis of a Right-Wing Online Ecosystem","authors":"Julius B Calvert","doi":"10.5038/1944-0472.17.1.2160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5038/1944-0472.17.1.2160","url":null,"abstract":"Cognitive radicalization remains an issue for communities battling terrorism. Recent empirical investigations into the psycho-social processes involved with radicalization have revealed social exclusion, cognitive inflexibility, and perceived threats to an ingroup as significant predictors for one’s propensity to engage with radical content and commit to offline behaviors. This study investigates the utility of user engagement and the proxy effect on cognitive radicalization by examining users’ engagement with a radical-right online ecosystem. The study supported the assumption that content featuring outgroup prejudice would affect the cognitive radicalization process. Several results demonstrate the importance of user engagement in the process of radicalization. In this analysis, they support an engagement-dependent framework where individual posts carry higher radicalization likelihoods based on the amount of user engagement they receive. These findings have an implication for future research into a user’s behavioral trajectories, from viewing and engaging with content to joining a radical group or committing offline violence against their communities and perceived outgroups.","PeriodicalId":37950,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Strategic Security","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140352814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Deter, Disrupt, or Deceive: Assessing Cyber Conflict as an Intelligence Contest, Robert Chesney and Max Smeets, Eds. Georgetown University Press, 2023 威慑、破坏或欺骗：评估作为情报竞赛的网络冲突》，Robert Chesney 和 Max Smeets 编辑，乔治敦大学出版社，2023 年。乔治敦大学出版社，2023 年
Journal of Strategic Security Pub Date : 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.5038/1944-0472.17.1.2258
Chris Bronk,
{"title":"Deter, Disrupt, or Deceive: Assessing Cyber Conflict as an Intelligence Contest, Robert Chesney and Max Smeets, Eds. Georgetown University Press, 2023","authors":"Chris Bronk,","doi":"10.5038/1944-0472.17.1.2258","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5038/1944-0472.17.1.2258","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37950,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Strategic Security","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140355473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Quarrelsome Siblings – The Relationship Between Special Operations and Conventional Forces 爱吵架的兄妹--特种作战部队与常规部队之间的关系
Journal of Strategic Security Pub Date : 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.5038/1944-0472.17.1.2171
Anna M. Gielas
{"title":"Quarrelsome Siblings – The Relationship Between Special Operations and Conventional Forces","authors":"Anna M. Gielas","doi":"10.5038/1944-0472.17.1.2171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5038/1944-0472.17.1.2171","url":null,"abstract":"The relationship between U.S. Special Operations Forces (SOF) and Conventional Forces (CF) has historically been challenging, leading to mission failures and the loss of lives. An unprecedented integration of the two forces was seen following 9/11 during Operations Enduring Freedom and Iraqi Freedom. This article investigates whether this intimate collaboration in Afghanistan and Iraq improved relations between SOF and CF. Drawing from a sample of 48 master’s theses authored by U.S. officers on the topic of SOF–CF integration from 1994 to 2018, this article documents a deterioration in the relationship between the two forces and identifies four underlying causes. It suggests how military leaders and decisionmakers should approach this challenging inter-force relationship.","PeriodicalId":37950,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Strategic Security","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140357005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Bukele’s Formula for Terrorism 布凯莱的恐怖主义公式
Journal of Strategic Security Pub Date : 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.5038/1944-0472.17.1.2186
Yovani E Chavez Rodriguez
{"title":"Bukele’s Formula for Terrorism","authors":"Yovani E Chavez Rodriguez","doi":"10.5038/1944-0472.17.1.2186","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5038/1944-0472.17.1.2186","url":null,"abstract":"The Mara Salvatrucha (MS-13) and the Mara Barrio 18 (18thStreet Gang) are two of the most notorious Maras. Their army-sized membership and extraordinary levels of brutality once led them to commit more murders than the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL), Boko Haram, and Al Qaeda. Currently, their activities have expanded to the United States, Latin America, Europe, and Africa. While they are undoubtedly terrorist organizations, Bukele’s formula has proven effective in combating them. Nonetheless, Bukele’s government needs to implement measures to effectively counteract terrorism without affecting the rule of law, transparency, and the respect of human rights.","PeriodicalId":37950,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Strategic Security","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140353025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Palestinian Divide: Origins and Implications of Palestinian Rejectionism 巴勒斯坦分裂：巴勒斯坦拒绝主义的起源和影响
Journal of Strategic Security Pub Date : 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.5038/1944-0472.17.1.2199
Martin S. Widzer
{"title":"The Palestinian Divide: Origins and Implications of Palestinian Rejectionism","authors":"Martin S. Widzer","doi":"10.5038/1944-0472.17.1.2199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5038/1944-0472.17.1.2199","url":null,"abstract":"In what is likely to amount to nothing more than a pyrrhic victory, Hamas’ October 2023 infiltration into Israel and subsequent assault will be greeted as a heroic act of resistance in some sectors of Palestinian society. It will invoke dread and anger in others. Employing a genealogical approach, this paper explores the effects of sectarian infighting over ideology, tactics, and aims as a means to garner greater in-group support. In doing so, the paper demonstrates that it is not so much Israel that is the object of the Palestinian struggle, but rather the struggle between the Palestinian factions themselves.","PeriodicalId":37950,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Strategic Security","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140356917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
New Regionalism and Norm Creation: A Case of Shanghai Cooperation Organization 新地区主义与规范制定：上海合作组织案例
Journal of Strategic Security Pub Date : 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.5038/1944-0472.17.1.2184
Anadi Choudhari
{"title":"New Regionalism and Norm Creation: A Case of Shanghai Cooperation Organization","authors":"Anadi Choudhari","doi":"10.5038/1944-0472.17.1.2184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5038/1944-0472.17.1.2184","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This article delves into the evolution of international norms, focusing on the dynamics within Central Asia as a microcosm of broader global shifts. It begins by elucidating the concept of a \"region\" in international relations, emphasizing its multifaceted nature, both geographically and culturally, as well as its evolving character in the face of global transformations. The study then delineates the emergence of regionalism, encompassing the historical context of old and new regionalism, with a nuanced understanding of their continuities and distinctions. A pivotal point of analysis is the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO), whose genesis and transformation underscore the influence of new regional dynamics. The SCO's role as a tool for soft balancing against external hegemony, particularly that of the United States, is examined, highlighting its emphasis on shared norms that diverge from Western ideologies. The SCO's success in shaping normative preferences within Central Asia, particularly in promoting non-interference, state sovereignty, and stability, is contrasted with the efforts of Western institutions like the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE), which prioritize liberal democratic norms. The study concludes by elucidating the implications of these normative contestations in Central Asia for the broader international order.\u0000","PeriodicalId":37950,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Strategic Security","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140357484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
“Divergent Perspectives: A Comparative Review of ‘The Nuclear Club’ and ‘Winning and Losing the Nuclear Peace’” "不同的视角：核俱乐部》与《核和平的输赢》比较评论"
Journal of Strategic Security Pub Date : 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.5038/1944-0472.17.1.2261
Abhishek Verma
{"title":"“Divergent Perspectives: A Comparative Review of ‘The Nuclear Club’ and ‘Winning and Losing the Nuclear Peace’”","authors":"Abhishek Verma","doi":"10.5038/1944-0472.17.1.2261","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5038/1944-0472.17.1.2261","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37950,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Strategic Security","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140353694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Hybrid Warfare: How to Escape the Conceptual Gray-Zone 混合战争：如何摆脱概念灰区
Journal of Strategic Security Pub Date : 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.5038/1944-0472.17.1.2118
Borislav Bankov
{"title":"Hybrid Warfare: How to Escape the Conceptual Gray-Zone","authors":"Borislav Bankov","doi":"10.5038/1944-0472.17.1.2118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5038/1944-0472.17.1.2118","url":null,"abstract":"Hybrid warfare (HW) is one of the most debated concepts in contemporary military science. While most scholars agree that HW is conducted in the gray-zone between war and peace, they define the phenomenon differently. This disagreement has resulted in a conceptual gray-zone. The lack of theoretical clarity is exacerbated by the fact that authors have coined additional security and defense concepts that are based on the idea of hybridity, such as hybrid peace and hybrid influence. This article examines the different views on HW and aims to offer a more precise framework for its analysis. To fulfill its objective, it addresses five questions: What makes HW “hybrid”? Which acts of aggression could not be categorized as HW? Is HW “warfare”? Is HW a new phenomenon? Why is HW so contested? The author argues that, due to conflicting opinions and various concepts linked to HW, scholars and policymakers must always clearly define the concept when using it. Without proper definition, the concept of HW can be misunderstood and has limited academic value. Thus, this article also starts a mapping exercise of the concepts in security and defense based on the idea of hybridity. Such mapping is almost non-existent at the moment.","PeriodicalId":37950,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Strategic Security","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140354682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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