Journal of Strategic Security最新文献_第10页

Shrinking Civic Space for Human Rights Defenders in Afghanistan Following the U.S. Military Drawdown in 2014 2014年美军撤军后，阿富汗人权捍卫者的公民空间不断缩小

Journal of Strategic Security Pub Date : 2021-10-01 DOI: 10.5038/1944-0472.14.3.1941

Abdul Rahman Yasa

{"title":"Shrinking Civic Space for Human Rights Defenders in Afghanistan Following the U.S. Military Drawdown in 2014","authors":"Abdul Rahman Yasa","doi":"10.5038/1944-0472.14.3.1941","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5038/1944-0472.14.3.1941","url":null,"abstract":"Civic space, an imperative to a democratic society where citizens can exercise their basic rights, is now under attack in Afghanistan. The fall of the Islamic Emirate in 2001 by a coalition of the U.S.-led military intervention grounded the rise of a vibrant environment for civil society and human rights defenders (HRDs). Promoting and safeguarding democratic values, mainly freedom of speech, assembly, and association, enshrined within a progressive constitutional framework, had turned to the topic of the day. The heavy presence of foreign troops with the money influx put strong support behind the nascent Afghan CSOs, HRDs, and democracy advocates to speak up for the many repressed Afghans.\u0000 However, the drawdown of foreign troops proceeded by protracted political infighting between Afghan leaders over power-sharing, shaped a grim milestone for civic space and human rights in 2014. The Afghan security forces had learned but not enough to take full security responsibility. Meanwhile, the Afghan leaders were wrestling over power in Kabul while an emboldened Taliban was threatening civic space by making more territorial gains in provinces. Consequently, the security situation deteriorated dramatically, triggering widespread public protests. To respond, the government resorted to the use of force against protesters, and democratic advocates and introduced legal restrictions to prevent any prospective unrest. Finally, the U.S. military withdrawal has doubled concerns over the loss of the rights under civic space. Therefore, the United States should stay, not forever, but until the Afghan peace negotiations succeed.","PeriodicalId":37950,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Strategic Security","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46724690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Insurgent Women: Female Combatants in Civil Wars. By Jessica Trisko Darden, Alexis Henshaw and Ora Szekely. Washington, DC: Georgetown University Press, 2019. 反叛妇女:内战中的女性战士。作者:Jessica Trisko Darden, Alexis Henshaw和Ora Szekely。华盛顿特区:乔治城大学出版社，2019。

Journal of Strategic Security Pub Date : 2021-10-01 DOI: 10.5038/1944-0472.14.3.1977

D. Sibila

引用次数: 0

Networks of Threats: Interconnection, Interaction, Intermediation 威胁网络：互联、互动、中介

Journal of Strategic Security Pub Date : 2021-10-01 DOI: 10.5038/1944-0472.14.3.1942

Julien Theron

引用次数: 3

Urban Security and Counterterrorism: An Approach to Proportionality 城市安全与反恐:一种相称性的方法

Journal of Strategic Security Pub Date : 2021-10-01 DOI: 10.5038/1944-0472.14.3.1924

Tegg Westbrook, T. Schive

{"title":"Urban Security and Counterterrorism: An Approach to Proportionality","authors":"Tegg Westbrook, T. Schive","doi":"10.5038/1944-0472.14.3.1924","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5038/1944-0472.14.3.1924","url":null,"abstract":"As cities and crowded areas increasingly become targets of terrorist plots and attacks, there is ample demand for risk assessment tools that consider proportional measures that reduce the threat, vulnerability, and possible impacts, whilst providing ‘security returns’ for those investments. There is a risk in this process of over- or under-fortifying places based on practitioners’ subjective biases, experiences, dead reckoning and conflicting agendas. Currently, risk assessments rely on qualitative tools that do not consider proportionality that removes these inherent biases. Critiquing well-known urban design strategies and national risk assessments, this article therefore seeks to develop a supplementary assessment tool – an equation for proportionality – that is more objective and is created to help practitioners make good choices, in particular on: (1) reducing the threat, (2) vulnerability, (3) impact, (4) accepting risk, and (5) measuring a security measure’s ability to deter, delay or stop an attack. It concludes that while no assessment is truly objective, the equation works to remove as much subjectivity as possible when assessing proportional urban security.","PeriodicalId":37950,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Strategic Security","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44172269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Past Attacks, Future Risks: Where Are We 20-years After 9/11? 过去的袭击，未来的风险:9/11事件后的20年我们在哪里?

Journal of Strategic Security Pub Date : 2021-10-01 DOI: 10.5038/1944-0472.14.3.1964

Fox, Sarah Jane

引用次数: 0

Involuntary Celibates’ Experiences of and Grievance over Sexual Exclusion and the Potential Threat of Violence Among Those Active in an Online Incel Forum 非自愿独身者的经验和不满的性排斥和潜在的暴力威胁在那些活跃的在线猥亵论坛

Journal of Strategic Security Pub Date : 2021-06-01 DOI: 10.5038/1944-0472.14.2.1910

A. Speckhard, Molly Ellenberg, Jesse Morton, Alexander Ash

{"title":"Involuntary Celibates’ Experiences of and Grievance over Sexual Exclusion and the Potential Threat of Violence Among Those Active in an Online Incel Forum","authors":"A. Speckhard, Molly Ellenberg, Jesse Morton, Alexander Ash","doi":"10.5038/1944-0472.14.2.1910","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5038/1944-0472.14.2.1910","url":null,"abstract":"This article represents the largest ever primary data-based study of involuntary celibates (incels), previously studied nearly exclusively through analysis of online postings. The incel movement has been characterized by some as a radical ideology, with mass murderers such as Elliot Rodger, Alek Minassian, and Chris Harper Mercer being portrayed as prototypical of the movement. However, there is a dearth of research through direct questioning of incels and therefore very little nuanced understanding of the community, its shared grievances, and its opinions regarding violence in its name. The present study of over 250 self-identified incels demonstrates that although the majority of incels are non-violent and do not approve of violence, those who consider themselves to be staunch misogynists are likely to endorse a desire to commit violence and are also likely to become more misogynistic through participation on incel web forums, which validate their views. The study also finds that while many incels report experiencing a variety of psychological symptoms, they are loath to seek help from mental health professionals. This implies that the threat of violence from a subset of incels should not be ignored, but promotion of compassionate and understanding psychological may be more broadly beneficial to the community.","PeriodicalId":37950,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Strategic Security","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42187938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 29

Border Policing: A History of Enforcement and Evasion in North America, Edited by Holly M. Karibo and George T. Díaz. Austin, Texas: University of Texas Press, 2020. ISBN 978-1-4773-2067-9. 288 pages, $42.75 (Kindle e-book) $45.00 (hardback). 《边境治安：北美执法和逃亡史》，Holly M.Karibo和George T.Díaz主编。得克萨斯州奥斯汀：得克萨斯大学出版社，2020年。是978-1-4773-2067-9。288页，42.75美元（Kindle电子书）45.00美元（精装本）。

Journal of Strategic Security Pub Date : 2021-06-01 DOI: 10.5038/1944-0472.14.2.1959

Campbell, Howard

引用次数: 0

Suboptimal Selective Service: An Analysis of the Obstacles to Selective Service Reform in American Political Institutions 次优兵役制度:美国政治制度中兵役制度改革障碍分析

Journal of Strategic Security Pub Date : 2021-06-01 DOI: 10.5038/1944-0472.14.2.1903

Max Z. Margulies, Leah Foodman

引用次数: 1

Energy’s Digital Future: Harvesting Innovation for American Resilience and National Security by Ann Myer Jaffe, Columbia University Press, 2021. ISBN 9780231196826, Photographs. Notes. Sources cited. Index. Pp., 246. $35.00 《能源的数字未来：为美国的韧性和国家安全收获创新》，Ann Myer Jaffe著，哥伦比亚大学出版社，2021年。ISBN 9780231196826，照片。注意事项。引用的消息来源。指数第246页$35

Journal of Strategic Security Pub Date : 2021-06-01 DOI: 10.5038/1944-0472.14.2.1956

Peters, Mark

引用次数: 0

The Magnitude of Warfare Revisited – System Polarity and War Duration 重新审视战争的规模——系统极性和战争持续时间

Journal of Strategic Security Pub Date : 2021-06-01 DOI: 10.5038/1944-0472.14.2.1885

Marco Nilsson

引用次数: 0