Journal of Clinical Tuberculosis and Other Mycobacterial Diseases最新文献

{"title":"Antimicrobial susceptibility analysis of isepamicin combination treatments in Mycobacterium abscessus species","authors":"Yukari Kato ,&nbsp;Hiroaki Ihara ,&nbsp;Satomi Takei ,&nbsp;Ayako Nakamura ,&nbsp;Yuichi Fujimoto ,&nbsp;Tetsuya Handoh ,&nbsp;Kana Kurokawa ,&nbsp;Yuta Arai ,&nbsp;Kohei Shibayama ,&nbsp;Issei Sumiyoshi ,&nbsp;Yusuke Ochi ,&nbsp;Junko Watanabe ,&nbsp;Kazuaki Hoshi ,&nbsp;Shigeki Misawa ,&nbsp;Shinsaku Togo ,&nbsp;Toshio Naito ,&nbsp;Yoko Tabe ,&nbsp;Takashi Miida ,&nbsp;Kazuhisa Takahashi","doi":"10.1016/j.jctube.2024.100464","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jctube.2024.100464","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study evaluated the antimicrobial potency of the combination of isepamicin (ISP) for <em>Mycobacterium abscessus</em> species (MABS). 34 clinical MABS strains were isolated from clinical samples. Of them, 11 (32.4 %) were <em>M. abscessus</em> subsp. <em>abscessus</em> (Mab), 22 (64.7 %) were <em>M. abscessus</em> subsp. <em>massiliense</em> (Mma), and one (2.9 %) was <em>M. abscessus</em> subsp. <em>bolletii</em> (Mbo). We compared susceptibility to sitafloxacin (STFX)-ISP and clarithromycin (CLR)-ISP combinations with those of the antimicrobial agents alone, and synergistic effects were observed in 41.2 % and 17.6 % when treated with STFX-ISP and CLR-ISP. By hierarchical cluster analysis, the isolates divided into treatment-sensitive and treatment-resistant groups. Non-Mma or rough colony isolates were significantly likely to belong to the treatment-sensitive group (p = 0.024, p &lt; 0.001, respectively). These results suggest that the ISP-containing combination could be a new therapeutic strategy for MABS, especially in cases of non-Mma: treatment-refractory subspecies, and rough morphotypes: high-virulence morphotypes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Tuberculosis and Other Mycobacterial Diseases","volume":"36 ","pages":"Article 100464"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405579424000512/pdfft?md5=b7ba95048e11d7c35e4529da77e36cba&pid=1-s2.0-S2405579424000512-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141637109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adjuvant surgical treatment of non-tuberculous mycobacterial lung disease in chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension: A first case report","authors":"F.R. Bertuccio ,&nbsp;N. Baio ,&nbsp;S. Montini ,&nbsp;V. Ferroni ,&nbsp;V. Chino ,&nbsp;L. Pisanu ,&nbsp;M. Russo ,&nbsp;I. Giana ,&nbsp;A. Cascina ,&nbsp;V. Conio ,&nbsp;C. Primiceri ,&nbsp;G.M. Stella ,&nbsp;A.G. Corsico","doi":"10.1016/j.jctube.2024.100462","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jctube.2024.100462","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is not considered a known risk factor for non-tuberculous mycobacterial lung disease (NTM-LD), despite that many studies state that incidence is almost equal to other chronic lung diseases. Current standard of care for NTM-LD consists in multidrug antibiotic regimen for several months. However, it results in negative culture conversion in a minority of cases. Therefore, when feasible an adjuvant surgical approach is indicated. In this case report we highlight the importance of multidisciplinary team discussion in providing the best therapeutic strategy in presence of significant comorbidities like chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Tuberculosis and Other Mycobacterial Diseases","volume":"36 ","pages":"Article 100462"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405579424000494/pdfft?md5=7dcc388511cdb04ad46a5cb91c20af6b&pid=1-s2.0-S2405579424000494-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141541007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tuberculosis screening for patients on biologic Medications: A Single-Center experience and Society guideline Review, Monroe County, New York, 2018–2021","authors":"Tetsuro Maeda ,&nbsp;Margaret Connolly ,&nbsp;Kelly Thevenet-Morrison ,&nbsp;Paul Levy ,&nbsp;Mark Utell ,&nbsp;Sonal Munsiff ,&nbsp;Daniel Croft","doi":"10.1016/j.jctube.2024.100460","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jctube.2024.100460","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Rationale</h3><p>Biologic medications for immune-mediated inflammatory diseases may increase the risk of tuberculosis (TB) reactivation, but data on screening for TB in low TB prevalence areas are limited.</p></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To assess the real-world practice patterns of TB screening among prescribers of biologic medications.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We conducted a retrospective observational study at a single, university-based healthcare facility in a low TB prevalence area. We enrolled adult patients prescribed a biologic medication between October 2018 and December 2021, and collected data on demographics, biologic medications and TB test results. For patients with positive TB tests, further data including prescriber specialty and response to positive tests were obtained. We reviewed pertinent major society guidelines/ consensus statements regarding TB screening among patients treated with biologic medications.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>4,085 patients were included. 3024 (74.0%) had at least one screening TB test and 42 were positive. Among patients treated with tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα) inhibitors, 1779 of 2129 patients (83.6%) underwent TB testing and 25 (1.4%) were positive. Most with positive TB test results were prescribed biologic medication by gastroenterology (11 patients, 26%), dermatology (12, 29%), or rheumatology (15, 36%) providers. 32 (76%) patients had imaging and roughly half were treated for latent TB infection. Biologic medications were temporarily held for 27 patients (67%). Nine out of 13 society guidelines recommend TB screening for TNFα inhibitors but have differing recommendations for other biologic medications.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Significant practice pattern differences in TB screening for patients receiving biologic medications exist. Multiple society guidelines continue to recommend TB screening even for drugs with no known increased risk of TB reactivation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Tuberculosis and Other Mycobacterial Diseases","volume":"36 ","pages":"Article 100460"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405579424000470/pdfft?md5=aaa541c0d07cf00d1f7dc63ad5ee8082&pid=1-s2.0-S2405579424000470-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141483898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systematic review: Global host range, case fatality and detection rates of Mycobacterium ulcerans in humans and potential environmental sources","authors":"Serges Tchatchouang ,&nbsp;Chris Andre Mbongue Mikangue ,&nbsp;Sebastien Kenmoe ,&nbsp;Arnol Bowo-Ngandji ,&nbsp;Gadji Mahamat ,&nbsp;Jean Thierry Ebogo-Belobo ,&nbsp;Donatien Serge Mbaga ,&nbsp;Joseph Rodrigue Foe-Essomba ,&nbsp;Hycenth Numfor ,&nbsp;Ginette Irma Kame-Ngasse ,&nbsp;Inès Nyebe ,&nbsp;Jean Bosco Taya-Fokou ,&nbsp;Cromwel Zemnou-Tepap ,&nbsp;Jacqueline Félicité Yéngué ,&nbsp;Jeannette Nina Magoudjou-Pekam ,&nbsp;Larissa Gertrude Djukouo ,&nbsp;Marie Antoinette Kenmegne Noumbissi ,&nbsp;Raoul Kenfack-Momo ,&nbsp;Sabine Aimee Touangnou-Chamda ,&nbsp;Alfloditte Flore Feudjio ,&nbsp;Sara Eyangoh","doi":"10.1016/j.jctube.2024.100457","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jctube.2024.100457","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Fundamental aspects of the epidemiology and ecology of <em>Mycobacterium ulcerans</em> (MU) infections including disease burden, host range, reservoir, intermediate hosts, vector and mode of transmission are poorly understood.<!--> <!-->Understanding the global distribution and burden of MU infections is a paramount to fight against Buruli ulcer (BU). Four databases were queried<!--> <!-->from inception through December 2023. After critical review of published resources on BU, 155 articles (645 records) published between 1987 and 2023 from 16 countries were selected for this review. Investigating BU in from old endemic and new emerging foci has allowed detection of MU in humans, animals, plants and various environmental samples with prevalence from 0 % up to 100 % depending of the study design. A case fatality rate between 0.0 % and 50 % was described from BU patients and deaths occurred in Central African Republic, Gabon, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Burkina Faso and Australia. The prevalence of MU in humans was higher in Africa. Nucleic Acid Amplification Tests (NAAT) and non-NAAT were performed in &gt; 38 animal species. MU has been recovered in culture from possum faeces, aquatic bugs and koala. More than 7 plant species and several environmental samples have been tested positive for MU. This review provided a comprehensive set of data on the updates of geographic distribution, the burden of MU infections in humans, and the host range of MU in non-human organisms. Although MU have been found in a wide range of environmental samples, only few of these have revealed the viability of the <em>mycobacterium</em> and the replicative non-human reservoirs of MU remain to be explored. These findings should serve as a foundation for further research on the reservoirs, intermediate hosts and transmission routes of MU.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Tuberculosis and Other Mycobacterial Diseases","volume":"36 ","pages":"Article 100457"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405579424000445/pdfft?md5=798db4e4d80baaa6c7f4dc6f71b26dc9&pid=1-s2.0-S2405579424000445-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141444457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic performance of matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid for pulmonary tuberculosis in HIV-infected patients","authors":"Mei Zhang ,&nbsp;Hongwei Zhang ,&nbsp;Benyong Yan ,&nbsp;Meixin Ren ,&nbsp;Wen Wang ,&nbsp;Tong Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.jctube.2024.100459","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jctube.2024.100459","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) remains a significant health concern, particularly in individuals infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) who are more susceptible to developing active TB disease. Early and accurate diagnosis of TB is crucial for effective treatment and prevention of transmission. This study aims to evaluate the potential of matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOFMS) analysis of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) for diagnosis of suspected PTB in HIV-infected patients.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This retrospective study recruited 60 HIV-infected patients with suspected PTB presenting with respiratory symptoms and abnormal chest radiographs between January 2022 and June 2023. BALF samples were collected and subjected to analysis using MALDI-TOF MS, GeneXpert, acid-fast bacilli (AFB) smear and culture. And their diagnostic performance was compared.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The sensitivity of MALDI⁃TOFMS for diagnosing PTB was 83.3 %, which was better than that of smear 11.9 %, culture 40.5 % or Xpert38.1 % (all <em>p</em> &lt; 0.01). The area under the curve (AUC) value of MALDI⁃TOFMS was 0.889, which was better than that of smear 0.532, culture 0.675 or Xpert 0.690 (all <em>p</em> &lt; 0.01). The katG315 and rpoB-RRDR 511 mutations were detected by the MALDI⁃TOFMS in two patients.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Nucleotide MALDI-TOFMS has a good clinical performance for rapid diagnosis of PTB from BALF samples in HIV infected patients, and detects mutations of TB simultaneously.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Tuberculosis and Other Mycobacterial Diseases","volume":"36 ","pages":"Article 100459"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405579424000469/pdfft?md5=4f39b2acf5cb5f61d2d541743612fd03&pid=1-s2.0-S2405579424000469-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141423394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mycobacterium tuberculosis and host interactions in the manifestation of tuberculosis","authors":"Shadi Abbasnia ,&nbsp;Amir Mohammad Hashem Asnaashari ,&nbsp;Hiva Sharebiani ,&nbsp;Saman Soleimanpour ,&nbsp;Arman Mosavat ,&nbsp;Seyed Abdolrahim Rezaee","doi":"10.1016/j.jctube.2024.100458","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jctube.2024.100458","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The final step of epigenetic processes is changing the gene expression in a new microenvironment in the body, such as neuroendocrine changes, active infections, oncogenes, or chemical agents. The case of tuberculosis (TB) is an outcome of <em>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</em> (<em>M.tb</em>) and host interaction in the manifestation of active and latent TB or clearance. This comprehensive review explains and interprets the epigenetics findings regarding gene expressions on the host-pathogen interactions in the development and progression of tuberculosis. This review introduces novel insights into the complicated host-pathogen interactions, discusses the challengeable results, and shows the gaps in the clear understanding of <em>M.tb</em> behavior. Focusing on the biological phenomena of host-pathogen interactions, the epigenetic changes, and their outcomes provides a promising future for developing effective TB immunotherapies when converting gene expression toward appropriate host immune responses gradually becomes attainable. Overall, this review may shed light on the dark sides of TB pathogenesis as a life-threatening disease. Therefore, it may support effective planning and implementation of epigenetics approaches for introducing proper therapies or effective vaccines.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Tuberculosis and Other Mycobacterial Diseases","volume":"36 ","pages":"Article 100458"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405579424000457/pdfft?md5=49b803c0909a47e7c7ff0c52a0d64725&pid=1-s2.0-S2405579424000457-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141401840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nontuberculous mycobacterial infection in Wisconsin children and adolescents","authors":"Bryan J. Vonasek ,&nbsp;Danièle Gusland ,&nbsp;Julie Tans-Kersten ,&nbsp;Elizabeth A. Misch ,&nbsp;Suzanne N. Gibbons-Burgener","doi":"10.1016/j.jctube.2024.100456","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jctube.2024.100456","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The epidemiology of nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) infections in the pediatric population is not well described. We estimated the incidence of NTM infection in Wisconsin children and adolescents, and the frequency and type of infection caused by different NTM pathogens. Associations between NTM infection and race/ethnicity and social disadvantage, respectively, were also investigated.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This retrospective cohort study evaluated reports of NTM infection in Wisconsin residents under 18 years of age submitted to a state-wide database between 2011 and 2018. Demographics of the cohort, including a social disadvantage score (Area Deprivation Index (ADI)), are described. Specimen type and NTM species are enumerated for reported isolates.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>There were 224 NTM isolates from 212 children and adolescents. Median age of participants was 3 years; 55 % were female. Cumulative incidence did not vary significantly between the larger racial groups or for the various ADI score groups. Compared to white participants (157), there was a significantly lower cumulative incidence of NTM infection in multiracial individuals (2). <em>Mycobacterium avium</em> complex (MAC) was the most frequently isolated organism (69 %). The majority of isolates (52 %) were from skin and soft tissue, which included lymph node specimens. Annual incidence did not vary significantly over the study period.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The epidemiology of pediatric NTM infections in this cohort is consistent with previous pediatric reports of higher rate of infection in females and predominance of skin and soft tissue infections. Disparities in disease burden across racial/ethnic and socio-economic groups were not demonstrated, but these factors should be further explored in larger pediatric studies of diverse U.S. populations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Tuberculosis and Other Mycobacterial Diseases","volume":"36 ","pages":"Article 100456"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405579424000433/pdfft?md5=5d3bcb74fd0ab59bf845e3b0134fda80&pid=1-s2.0-S2405579424000433-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141325715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A review of 280 nasopharyngeal tuberculosis cases and the effectiveness of antituberculosis treatments","authors":"Yun Jin Kang ,&nbsp;Jin-Hee Cho","doi":"10.1016/j.jctube.2024.100455","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jctube.2024.100455","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>Nasopharyngeal tuberculosis is a rare form of tuberculosis in which Mycobacterium tuberculosis infects the nasopharyngeal tissue. In this study, we analyzed key clinical features to prevent misdiagnosis and to raise awareness of the condition, while recommending suitable treatments. We also report a case of nasopharyngeal tuberculosis presenting with nasal congestion and intermittent ear fullness, contributing valuable educational insight for diagnosis.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Demographic and clinical data from patients with nasopharyngeal tuberculosis were collected from PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials up to September 2022. In total, 280 patients from 69 studies were analyzed.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Reports indicate that the incidence of nasopharyngeal tuberculosis has doubled every decade, particularly in Asia. Most patients are female, presenting with granulomatous pathology and findings such as masses, lymphoid hyperplasia, polypoid formations, or swelling on endoscopic examination. Common symptoms include nasal obstruction, hearing impairment, sore throat, and dysphagia, usually accompanied by cervical lymphadenopathy. The mean duration from symptom onset to diagnosis is ∼2.88 months, and the average time from the start of treatment to resolution of symptoms is ∼ 4.90 months. The antituberculosis treatment regimen and duration are significantly associated with the time to resolution (r = −0.648, p = 0.003 and r = 0.584, p = 0.028, respectively).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>These results suggest that an extended regimen of antituberculosis drugs may expedite symptom relief. However, there is a need for more standardized data on patient outcomes and treatment efficacy due to the current lack of comprehensive data.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Tuberculosis and Other Mycobacterial Diseases","volume":"36 ","pages":"Article 100455"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405579424000421/pdfft?md5=10cb66fec806702109c3314df16066cd&pid=1-s2.0-S2405579424000421-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141403880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Loss to follow-up among people living with HIV on tuberculosis preventive treatment at four regional referral hospitals, Uganda, 2019–2021","authors":"Edirisa Juniour Nsubuga ,&nbsp;Deus Lukoye ,&nbsp;Steven N. Kabwama ,&nbsp;Stella Martha Migamba ,&nbsp;Allan Komakech ,&nbsp;Elayete Sarah ,&nbsp;Rose Nampeera ,&nbsp;Rashida Nakazzi ,&nbsp;Saharu Magona Nerima ,&nbsp;Jireh Kirabo ,&nbsp;Lilian Bulage ,&nbsp;Benon Kwesiga ,&nbsp;Alex Riolexus Ario","doi":"10.1016/j.jctube.2024.100454","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jctube.2024.100454","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Tuberculosis (TB) remains the leading cause of death among people living with HIV (PLHIV). TB preventive treatment (TPT) can prevent active TB infection in PLHIV for several years after it is completed. During 2019–2021, the six-month course of TPT (using isoniazid) was the most readily available in Uganda; however, program data indicated a TPT program loss to follow-up (LTFU) rate of 12 % during this period. We evaluated factors associated with TPT LTFU among PLHIV in four regional referral hospitals (RRHs) in Uganda from 2019 to 2021.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We abstracted program data from TPT registers on patient LTFU at Masaka, Mbale, Mubende, and Jinja RRHs. Additional data collected included client demographics, duration on HIV antiretroviral therapy (ART), year of TPT initiation, adherence, and point of entry. LTFU was defined as the failure to finish six consecutive months of isoniazid without stopping for more than two months at a time. We conducted bivariate analysis using the chi-square test for independence. Variables with <em>p</em> &lt; 0.05 in bivariate analysis were included in a logistic regression model to establish independent factors associated with LTFU.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Overall, 24,206 clients were started on TPT in the four RRHs. Their median age was 40 years (range, 1–90 years), and 15,962 (66 %) were female. A total of 22,260 (92 %) had TPT adherence &gt;95 %. Independent factors associated with LTFU included being on ART for &lt;3 months (AOR: 3.1, 95 % CI: 2.1–4.5) and 20–24 years (AOR: 4.7, 95 % CI: 1.9–12) or 25–29 years (AOR: 3.3, 95 % CI: 1.3–8.2) compared to 15–19 years.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>PLHIV just starting ART and young adults had higher odds of being LTFU from TPT during 2019–2021 in the four RRHs. Close follow-up of PLHIV aged 20–29 years and those newly initiated on ART could improve TPT completion.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Tuberculosis and Other Mycobacterial Diseases","volume":"36 ","pages":"Article 100454"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S240557942400041X/pdfft?md5=fe04fb7d02af7172039d0436010484e3&pid=1-s2.0-S240557942400041X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141303311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COVID-19: The association between knowledge, practice, and attitude of tuberculosis infection in the university population","authors":"Ilse Faustina Fernández-Honorio ,&nbsp;Eladio Angulo-Altamirano ,&nbsp;Susana Marleni Atuncar-Deza ,&nbsp;Rosmery Sabina Pozo-Enciso","doi":"10.1016/j.jctube.2024.100452","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jctube.2024.100452","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>The study focused on the association between knowledge, practice and attitude towards tuberculosis in the university population during the COVID-19 pandemic<strong>.</strong></p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Used Jean Watson’s theory of caring in mindfulness practice and surveyed 187 nursing surveyed 187 nursing interns from three universities. The instruments (knowledge, practice and attitude questionnaires) were validated and showed high reliability (Cronbach’s α reliability Cronbach’s α = 0.814).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A strong correlation was found between knowledge and practice of tuberculosis (r = 0.996, p &lt; 0.05), indicating a significant association. However, the association between knowledge and attitude was weaker (r = 0.160, p &lt; 0.05). The majority had knowledge (61.2 %), a neutral practice (52.2 %) and an acceptable attitude towards TB (85.4 %).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>These findings suggest the need to strengthen anti-TB strategies, especially in times of pandemic. The inclusion of Watson’s humanistic approach can improve the well-being of inmates and the care of patients.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Tuberculosis and Other Mycobacterial Diseases","volume":"36 ","pages":"Article 100452"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405579424000391/pdfft?md5=f49b4ba7018ef8759e08954480dbc4d0&pid=1-s2.0-S2405579424000391-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141239428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}