Food and Waterborne Parasitology最新文献

{"title":"Editorial Board Page","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S2405-6766(23)00011-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S2405-6766(23)00011-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37941,"journal":{"name":"Food and Waterborne Parasitology","volume":"31 ","pages":"Article e00198"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50201245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An 11-year epidemiological analysis of schistosomiasis in Ecuador: Investigating a non-endemic, neglected, and challenging-to-identify parasitic disease","authors":"Jorge Vásconez-González ,&nbsp;Justin Yeager ,&nbsp;Juan S. Izquierdo-Condoy ,&nbsp;Raul Fernandez-Naranjo ,&nbsp;María-Belén López ,&nbsp;María Gabriela Dávila ,&nbsp;Simone Cordovez ,&nbsp;Andrés López-Cortés ,&nbsp;Esteban Ortiz-Prado","doi":"10.1016/j.fawpar.2023.e00196","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fawpar.2023.e00196","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Schistosomiasis is a neglected disease caused by parasites of the genus <em>Schistosoma</em> and transmitted by snails of the genus <em>Biomphalaria</em>. At least five species have the potential to infect humans living in or visiting tropical areas worldwide. In Latin America, <em>Schistosoma mansoni</em> is particularly common; however, it has not been reported in Ecuador. In this study, we assess the available official data on schistosomiasis in Ecuador to describe the prevalence of this neglected disease. We conducted a nationwide study to determine the demographic and spatial distribution patterns of schistosomiasis infection in Ecuador, using hospital discharge official data as a proxy for infection incidence from 2011 to 2021. We calculated crude and age-sex-adjusted morbidity and hospital admission rates by region, province, canton, and elevation. In the last decade of available data, schistosomiasis accounted for at least 551 hospital admissions in Ecuador. Women represented 53.7% (<em>n</em> = 296) of cases, equivalent to 3.2 cases per 1,000,000 inhabits. The highest number of cases (61.2%, <em>n</em> = 337) was found in the Coastal region. However, the highest incidence rates were observed in the Amazon region's provinces of Pastaza (173.44 cases/1,000,000).</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37941,"journal":{"name":"Food and Waterborne Parasitology","volume":"31 ","pages":"Article e00196"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/75/13/main.PMC10236286.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9569774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toxoplasma and Toxocara seropositivity in juvenile idiopathic arthritis and its relation to disease activity and type of therapies","authors":"Doaa A. Salem ,&nbsp;Ahmed Hassan Al-Ghamdi ,&nbsp;Jameel Mohamed Alghamdi ,&nbsp;Amira Ismail ,&nbsp;Bakheet A. Alghamdi ,&nbsp;Eman Abdelrazek","doi":"10.1016/j.fawpar.2023.e00195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fawpar.2023.e00195","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is the most frequently encountered autoimmune rheumatic disease in children. To our knowledge, this is the first study aimed to estimate the frequency of <em>Toxoplasma gondii</em> (<em>T. gondii)</em> and <em>Toxocara</em> seropositivity in JIA and assess its relation to the disease activity, IL-10 levels, and type of the received therapies. This study was conducted on 43 JIA patients and 50 cases as a control group. All participants were evaluated by disease activity score (JADAS-27), and the presence of specific IgG and IgM antibodies against <em>T. gondii and</em> IgG against <em>Toxocara</em> species using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. IL-10 serum levels were measured using an ELISA kit. The results show that JIA patients have significantly higher seropositivity for anti-<em>T. gondii</em> IgG compared to control subjects (<em>p</em> = 0.02) and a non-significant difference for <em>Toxocara</em> seropositivity (<em>p</em> = 0.41). All participants were negative for IgM anti-<em>Toxoplasma gondii</em>. Demographic parameters did not significantly affect these seroprevalence frequencies (<em>p</em> &gt; 0.05). IL-10 was significantly higher among JIA patients compared to controls (<em>p</em> = 0.007) and seropositive anti-<em>T. gondii</em> JIA exhibited significantly higher IL-10 levels compared to seronegative ones (<em>p</em> = 0.03). Seropositive anti-<em>T. gondii</em> IgG JIA patients had a significantly higher disease activity score (JADAS-27) than seronegative anti-<em>T. gondii</em> IgG cases (<em>p</em> = 0.02). There was a significant positive correlation between anti-<em>T. gondii</em> IgG and JADAS-27 score (<em>p</em> = 0.009). A significant association was detected between <em>T. gondii</em> infection and DMARDs including the biological therapies (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). Overall, this study supports a possible association between <em>T. gondii</em> infection and JIA, IL-10, disease activity score, and DMARDs therapies. It is possible that IL-10 plays a role in the development of JIA and contributes to persistent asymptomatic infection with <em>T. gondii</em> in JIA patients. As a result, a recommendation for screening tests for <em>T. gondii</em> infection among JIA patients is crucial before and during commencing DMARDs therapies and closely monitoring early signs of infection.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37941,"journal":{"name":"Food and Waterborne Parasitology","volume":"31 ","pages":"Article e00195"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50201236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inactivation of Toxoplasma gondii in dry sausage and processed pork, and quantification of the pathogen in pig tissues prior to production","authors":"Filip Dámek ,&nbsp;Bastien Fremaux ,&nbsp;Dominique Aubert ,&nbsp;Sandra Thoumire ,&nbsp;Maxime Delsart ,&nbsp;Jean-Luc Martin ,&nbsp;Sandra Vuillermet ,&nbsp;Marieke Opsteegh ,&nbsp;Pikka Jokelainen ,&nbsp;Delphine Le Roux ,&nbsp;Pascal Boireau ,&nbsp;Isabelle Villena ,&nbsp;Radu Blaga","doi":"10.1016/j.fawpar.2023.e00194","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fawpar.2023.e00194","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><em>Toxoplasma gondii</em> is an important zoonotic foodborne parasite. Meat of infected animals appears to be a major source of infection in Europe. Pork is the most consumed meat in France, with dry sausages well represented. The risk of transmission via consumption of processed pork products is largely unknown, mainly since processing will affect viability but may not entirely inactivate all <em>T. gondii</em> parasites.</p><p>We investigated the presence and concentration of <em>T. gondii</em> DNA in the shoulder, breast, ham, and heart of pigs orally inoculated with 1000 oocysts (<em>n</em> = 3) or tissue cysts (n = 3) and naturally infected pigs (<em>n</em> = 2), by means of magnetic capture qPCR (MC-qPCR). Muscle tissues of experimentally infected pigs were further used to evaluate the impact of manufacturing processes of dry sausages, including different concentrations of nitrates (0, 60, 120, 200 ppm), nitrites (0, 60, 120 ppm), and NaCl (0, 20, 26 g/kg), ripening (2 days at 16–24 °C) and drying (up to 30 days at 13 °C), by a combination of mouse bioassay, qPCR and MC-qPCR.</p><p>DNA of <em>T. gondii</em> was detected in all eight pigs, including in 41.7% (10/24) of muscle samples (shoulder, breast and ham) and 87.5% (7/8) of hearts by MC-qPCR. The number of parasites per gram of tissue was estimated to be the lowest in the hams (arithmetic mean (M) = 1, standard deviation (SD) = 2) and the highest in the hearts (M = 147, SD = 233). However, the <em>T. gondii</em> burden estimates varied on the individual animal level, the tissue tested and the parasitic stage used for the experimental infection (oocysts or tissue cysts). Of dry sausages and processed pork, 94.4% (51/54) were positive for <em>T. gondii</em> by MC-qPCR or qPCR, with the mean <em>T. gondii</em> burden estimate equivalent to 31 parasites per gram (SD = 93). Only the untreated processed pork sample collected on the day of production was positive by mouse bioassay.</p><p>The results suggest an uneven distribution of <em>T. gondii</em> in the tissues examined, and possibly an absence or a concentration below the detection limit in some of them. Moreover, the processing of dry sausages and processed pork with NaCl, nitrates, and nitrites has an impact on the viability of <em>T. gondii</em> from the first day of production. Results are valuable input for future risk assessments aiming to estimate the relative contribution of different sources of <em>T. gondii</em> human infections.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37941,"journal":{"name":"Food and Waterborne Parasitology","volume":"31 ","pages":"Article e00194"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50201246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular investigation of ready-to-eat salads for Giardia duodenalis and Cryptosporidium spp. in Portugal","authors":"Clarissa Perez Faria ,&nbsp;Adelaide Pereira ,&nbsp;Daniela Almeida ,&nbsp;Miguel Pinto ,&nbsp;Ágata Lourenço ,&nbsp;Maria do Céu Sousa","doi":"10.1016/j.fawpar.2023.e00190","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fawpar.2023.e00190","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Foodborne outbreaks are often associated with the consumption of salads. However, published studies on the detection of foodborne pathogens in ready-to-eat salads are scarce. The aim of this study was to detect <em>Giardia duodenalis</em> and <em>Cryptosporidium</em> DNA in ready-to-eat salads, by applying techniques of molecular biology to study the frequency of contamination in salads. A total of 100 packages of ready-to-eat salads containing assorted leafy green vegetables were randomly purchased from hypermarkets located in central regions of Portugal (Coimbra and Viseu). Nested-PCR and qPCR methods were used to detect <em>G. duodenalis</em> and <em>Cryptosporidium</em> DNA. Species and assemblages of the parasites were identified by sequence analysis and PCR. Eighteen of the 100 samples (18%) were positive for <em>G. duodenalis</em> and twelve were sequenced and identified as assemblage A. <em>Cryptosporidium</em> spp. were not detected in any salads. Overall, pre-harvest and post-harvest preventive measures may be need for <em>G. duodenalis</em> control throughout the food production industry, from the field to consumers.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37941,"journal":{"name":"Food and Waterborne Parasitology","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article e00190"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50201057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Endemic Paragonimus kellicotti infections in animals and humans in USA and Canada: Review and personal perspective","authors":"J.P. Dubey","doi":"10.1016/j.fawpar.2022.e00184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fawpar.2022.e00184","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Infections with the lung fluke, <em>Paragonimus kellicotti,</em> have been diagnosed in a variety of domestic and wild animals and humans in USA and Canada. Although there are many species of <em>Paragonimus</em> in other parts of the world; <em>P. kellicotti</em> is the only species definitively diagnosed in USA and Canada. Fresh water snails (several species) and crayfish (mainly <em>Orconectes</em> spp.) are its intermediate hosts. Humans and animals become infected with <em>P. kellicotti</em> only by ingesting metacercariae encysted in the heart of crayfish. After ingestion, the fluke penetrates intestinal wall, enters peritoneal cavity, and reaches pleural cavity by direct penetration of diaphragm, 2–3 weeks post inoculation (p.i.). Young flukes penetrate lungs and become encysted in pulmonary tissue, often in pairs. Time to maturity is around 4–7 weeks p.i. Eggs are coughed up, swallowed, and are excreted in feces. Although the parasite has been known for more than a century, there has been an upsurge of human infections in the USA. Here, I review <em>P. kellicotti</em> infections in naturally infected hosts. Pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment in parasite-free cats and dogs experimentally infected <em>P. kellicotti</em> are reviewed to shed light on the pathogenesis of human paragonimiasis. Problems and challenges facing diagnosis of paragonimiasis, especially non-pulmonary infections, are discussed. Fluke stages are deposited in Smithsonian Museum.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37941,"journal":{"name":"Food and Waterborne Parasitology","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article e00184"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50201055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial Board Page","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S2405-6766(23)00004-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S2405-6766(23)00004-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37941,"journal":{"name":"Food and Waterborne Parasitology","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article e00191"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50201056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Occurrence and characterisation of Eustrongylides species in Australian native birds and fish","authors":"Shokoofeh Shamsi ,&nbsp;Nidhish Francis ,&nbsp;Juliet Masiga ,&nbsp;Diane P. Barton ,&nbsp;Xiaocheng Zhu ,&nbsp;Luke Pearce ,&nbsp;Matthew McLellan","doi":"10.1016/j.fawpar.2023.e00189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fawpar.2023.e00189","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In Australia, nematodes belonging to the genus <em>Eustrongylides</em> were believed to be endemic species until the late 20th century when they were all considered to be <em>E. excisus</em>, invalid or <em>inquirendae</em>. Although these nematodes have frequently been reported in Australian fish, reptiles, and birds and cause disease or mortality among them, there has been no attempt to date to characterise them genetically. Globally, also, no one has validated or defined suitable genetic markers to distinguish between species of <em>Eustrongylides</em>. In this study, adult <em>Eustrongylides</em> from little black cormorant (<em>Phalacrocorax sulcirostris</em>; <em>n</em> = 3) and larvae from mountain galaxias (<em>Galaxias olidus, n</em> = 2) and a Murray cod (<em>Maccullochella peelii</em>, <em>n</em> = 1), and a Murray cod-trout cod hybrids (<em>Maccullochella peelii</em> x <em>Maccullochella macquariensis</em>, n = 1) were available for morphological examination and molecular characterisation. The adult nematodes from cormorants were identified as <em>E. excisus</em>. Sequences of the 18S and ITS regions were then obtained for all nematodes, which were identical among all specimens (larvae and adults) and also identical to those of <em>E. excisus</em> available in the GenBank. However, only one base pair difference exists between the 18S sequences of <em>E. excisus</em> and <em>E. ignotus,</em> with limited sequences available in GenBank accompanied with proper morphological data for the nematodes. With that limitation in mind, identifying our specimens as <em>E. excisus</em> suggests spill-over – that it is an introduced parasite species that has successfully established its life cycle among Australian native species – may have occurred. Our study is the first report of <em>E. excisus</em> in the little black cormorant, <em>P. sulcirostris.</em> Our results do not exclude the possibility of the occurrence of other species of <em>Eustrongylides,</em> either native or exotic, in Australia. This parasite is zoonotic and with increasing demand for fish and changing dietary preferences, such as the consumption of raw or undercooked fish, its occurrence in the flesh of the fish is concerning. This parasite is also associated with anthropogenic habitat alteration affecting the reproductive success of the infected hosts. Therefore, awareness among the relevant authorities of the presence of the parasite in Australia and its adverse impact on native animals is crucial for the success of conservation plans such as fish recovery and relocation efforts.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37941,"journal":{"name":"Food and Waterborne Parasitology","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article e00189"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50201058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fasciolosis in the Mediterranean island of Corsica (France): Insights from epidemiological and malacological investigations","authors":"A. Alba ,&nbsp;S. Grech-Angelini ,&nbsp;A.A. Vázquez ,&nbsp;P. Alda ,&nbsp;Q. Blin ,&nbsp;L. Lemmonier ,&nbsp;A. Chauvin ,&nbsp;C. Chartier ,&nbsp;P. Douchet ,&nbsp;S. Hurtrez-Boussès ,&nbsp;O. Rey ,&nbsp;J. Foata ,&nbsp;J. Boissier ,&nbsp;Y. Quilichini","doi":"10.1016/j.fawpar.2023.e00188","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fawpar.2023.e00188","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Fasciolosis is a re-emergent parasitic disease of worldwide significance with a major global impact on livestock health and production. In the French Mediterranean island of Corsica, fasciolosis has been recognized for a long time but little is known about its dynamic as the main investigations are outdated. Three compartments - definitive domestic hosts, intermediate hosts and environment - involved in fasciolosis transmission were studied by applying an integrative and extensive approach: (1) farm and abattoir surveys, (2) snail sampling, identification and infection prospection, and (3) snail habitat analysis; and (4) a questionnaire-based survey to inquire about husbandry practices and environmental risks. Our results indicate a significant circulation of the liver flukes in Corsican livestock, with 90% (252/279) of the sampled farms testing positive for anti-<em>F. hepatica</em> antibodies. At the abattoir, 46% (67/149) of cattle were positive for <em>F. hepatica</em> antibodies and eggs were present in the bile of 19% (26/139) bovines. In addition, high prevalence of <em>Dicrocoelium dendriticum</em> (69%) was observed in slaughtered cattle. Malacological surveys registered the occurrence of several lymnaeid species in a variety of habitats throughout the island. In particular, we report for the first time the presence of the invasive lymnaeid snail <em>Pseudosuccinea columella</em> in Corsica, a potential intermediate host for <em>F. hepatica</em>. We also found that the presence of <em>Galba truncatula</em> and, to a lesser extent, that of <em>Peregriana peregra,</em> is associated with altitude. <em>Fasciola hepatica</em> DNA was detected in the latter species occurring at two different sites. Finally, a questionnaire-based study revealed risky management practices among Corsican farmers, low perception of transmission and a suboptimal use of flukicide treatments as main control strategy. Our results show that animal fasciolosis in Corsica is characterised by a significant circulation and a favourable epidemiological scenario for transmission to occur.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37941,"journal":{"name":"Food and Waterborne Parasitology","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article e00188"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/98/dd/main.PMC9883184.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10597542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Environmental DNA in human and veterinary parasitology - Current applications and future prospects for monitoring and control","authors":"M.E. Sengupta ,&nbsp;C. Lynggaard ,&nbsp;S. Mukaratirwa ,&nbsp;B.J. Vennervald ,&nbsp;A.S. Stensgaard","doi":"10.1016/j.fawpar.2022.e00183","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fawpar.2022.e00183","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Parasites are important pathogens with significant global economic, public and animal health impacts. Successful control or elimination of many parasitic diseases, not least neglected tropical parasites, will require scalable, sensitive and cost-effective monitoring tools. Environmental DNA (eDNA) methods, used extensively in ecology for biomonitoring in natural ecosystems, offer promising advantages such reduced costs and labor requirements for species monitoring. Yet, the use of eDNA-based methods in parasitology and disease surveillance, has only recently begun to be explored. With this review, we wish to give an up-to-date overview of current uses and limitations of eDNA in human and veterinary parasitology, and how existing challenges can be overcome to fully utilize the potential of eDNA for monitoring and control of parasitic diseases. We begin by systematically searching published literature to identify studies that apply eDNA methods in parasitology and synthesize the main findings from these studies. We find that eDNA applications in parasitology only account for a small proportion (73/1960) of all eDNA publications up to now, and even fewer (27/73) studies, that apply eDNA methods specifically for parasites of human or veterinary importance. The majority of studies concern snail-borne trematodes and their intermediate host snails, while a few apply eDNA for mosquito vector species detection. A strong geographical bias, with only very few studies undertaken on the African continent, where parasites are of the biggest public health concern, is also noted. Current obstacles hindering further advances of eDNA methods in parasitology include incomplete reference databases, and challenges related to real-time monitoring in remote areas, and in certain LMIC settings. Finally, we point to future opportunities for eDNA-based research in parasitology and highlight recent innovations in eDNA research, which could further develop its application for monitoring and control of parasitic diseases and vectors in the future.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37941,"journal":{"name":"Food and Waterborne Parasitology","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article e00183"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/53/f4/main.PMC9677080.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40702401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}