ERN: Empirical Studies of Governance & Institutional Change (Topic)最新文献

{"title":"Трипартизм Как Форма Социального Партнерства (Tripartism as Forms of Social Partnership)","authors":"Анатолий Чернышов","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2707715","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2707715","url":null,"abstract":"Russian Abstract: В статье раскрыта специфика механизма трипартизма как формы социального партнерства в социально-трудовой сфере: понятие, причины формирования и особенности в России, пути решения имеющихся проблем.English Abstract: The article specifics of tripartism as a form of social partnership in the social and labour spheres: the concept, causes of formation and especially in Russia, workarounds available problems.","PeriodicalId":379282,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Empirical Studies of Governance & Institutional Change (Topic)","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128375505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bank Monitoring and Corporate Fraud: Evidence from a Natural Experiment","authors":"Minwen Li, Tanakorn Makaew, Andrew Winton","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2521151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2521151","url":null,"abstract":"We find that financial misreporting in China is less likely if a firm’s province is more financially developed, if its largest shareholder holds more shares, or if the firm is in a government-supported industry, and more likely if the firm is connected to the market regulator. Many conventional Western governance mechanisms do not affect the incidence of misreporting. Natural experiments using two recent reforms support causal effects of financial development and blockholdings on misreporting. We also find that financial development reduces the frequency of tunneling and insider trading, but ownership structure has differing effects on these two types of fraud.","PeriodicalId":379282,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Empirical Studies of Governance & Institutional Change (Topic)","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121768624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Political Dynamics of Corporate Tax Avoidance: The Chinese Experience","authors":"Hanwen Chen, Song Tang, Donghui Wu, Daoguang Yang","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2640111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2640111","url":null,"abstract":"In China's political selection system, officials capable of growing local economies are reward-ed with promotions. Eager to demonstrate economic achievements, newly appointed local lead-ers may raise tax revenues to expand fiscal expenditures on infrastructure projects. Against this backdrop, we study how political appointments influence local firms' tax planning. Based on a sample of locally administered state-owned enterprises (SOEs), we find firms decrease their tax avoidance after new leaders take office. The political-turnover effect on these firms' tax positions is more evident when the incoming leaders have more political clout over SOE managers, the incentives to divert resources are stronger, or politician-manager networks are present, and subsides following the launch of the anticorruption campaign. Furthermore, firms with higher post-turnover tax payments subsequently receive more government contracts or subsidies. Overall, our findings suggest political incentives shape the tax-planning activities of SOE managers in a \"two-way favor exchange\" manner.","PeriodicalId":379282,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Empirical Studies of Governance & Institutional Change (Topic)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131145228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expanding Export Variety: The Role of Institutional Reforms in Developing Countries","authors":"Liugang Sheng, D. Yang","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2545799","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2545799","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents theory and evidence showing that institutional reforms in developing countries can effectively expand their product varieties in export. Our model demonstrates that relaxing foreign ownership controls and improving contract enforcement can induce multinational companies to produce new products in host developing countries, and that a combination of the two reforms has an amplifying effect on the introduction of product varieties. Consistent with these theoretical predictions, we find empirically that ownership liberalization and judicial quality played an important role in raising the extensive margin of processing exports in China for the period of 1997-2007.","PeriodicalId":379282,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Empirical Studies of Governance & Institutional Change (Topic)","volume":"79 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125982952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The IPO Underwriting Market Share in China: Do Ownership and Quality Matter?","authors":"Chao Chen, Haina Shi, Haoping Xu","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2444589","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2444589","url":null,"abstract":"This paper investigates the determinants of initial public offering (IPO) underwriting market share in China. Using a sample of underwriters in China’s IPO market during 2004–2012, we find the following results. First, underwriting quality is overall positively related to underwriting market share. Second, individual underwriting quality measures are significantly related to market share as well: Affiliated star analysts are valued by both state-owned enterprise (SOE) and non-SOE (NSOE) issuers. The post-IPO performance of previous clients (industry specialization) is a significant determinant of market share in the SOE (NSOE) IPO market. Third, central government ownership of underwriters is a significant determinant of market share in the SOE market. Finally, a further test on regulatory change shows that underwriting quality is playing an increasingly important role in enhancing underwriting market share in China’s new issue reform era.","PeriodicalId":379282,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Empirical Studies of Governance & Institutional Change (Topic)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130425109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ill-Defined Institutions and the Production of Inefficacity: A Case Study of Unexpected Perverse Effects Causation in Haitian Traffic Regulation Rules","authors":"B. Paul","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2375614","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2375614","url":null,"abstract":"It is well documented that institutions can produce effectiveness by reducing uncertainty, transaction costs, and allow good anticipations, among other effects. Other researches show that not all institutions matter. In this article, based on a case study in Haitian traffic regulation, we show that ill-defined institutions produce incredible inefficacity, particularly unexpected perverse effect. We study a specific institution of the Haitian traffic law and demonstrate that the institution according to which entrant driver has priority in a traffic circle produce a lot of bottlenecks in Haiti. Our results can be use by the Department of Ground Transportation (DGT) to better challenge problems of traffic jams in the country, particularly in the metropolitan area where there are more traffic circles and much traffic density. We argue that institutional change is necessary since DGT is unable to provide sufficient traffic roads to relieve traffic congestion in the capital. The basic idea is that it is easier for DGT to manage ground transportation institutionally than technically.","PeriodicalId":379282,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Empirical Studies of Governance & Institutional Change (Topic)","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122460472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Institutional Development and Stock Price Synchronicity: Evidence from China","authors":"I. Hasan, Liang Song, P. Wachtel","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2314906","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2314906","url":null,"abstract":"Better developed legal and political institutions result in greater availability of reliable firm-specific information. When stock prices reflect more firm-specific information there will be less stock price synchronicity. This paper traces the experience of China, an economy undergoing dramatic institutional change in the last 20 years with rich variation in experiences across provinces. We show that stock price synchronicity is lower when there is institutional development in terms of property rights protection and rule of law. Furthermore, we investigate the influence of political pluralism on synchronicity. A more pluralistic regime reduces uncertainty and opaqueness regarding government interventions and therefore increases the value of firm-specific information that reduces synchronicity.","PeriodicalId":379282,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Empirical Studies of Governance & Institutional Change (Topic)","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134219812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New Zealand Corporate Boards in Transition: Composition, Activity and Incentives between 1995 and 2010","authors":"G. Boyle, Jane C. Ji","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2079314","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2079314","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to uncover the stylised facts about NZ corporate boards and identify unanswered questions about their composition, activity and incentives during the 16-year period between 1995 and 2010. Design/methodology/approach – The paper uses annual report data to document the evolution of 22 NZ board characteristics. The paper also informally compares these trends with those occurring in other countries. Findings – Unsurprisingly, the representation of non-executive, independent and female directors on NZ boards rose during the period, as did real chair and director fees and the importance of board committees, while average board size fell. Perhaps more surprisingly, much of this movement occurred before NZX governance reforms in 2003. Moreover, there are some intriguing differences between New Zealand and other, mainly larger, countries. Research limitations/implications – The analysis is largely descriptive and focuses on identifying questions rather than answering them. Or...","PeriodicalId":379282,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Empirical Studies of Governance & Institutional Change (Topic)","volume":"99 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134552428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New Forms of Governance in South-East Europe with Special Emphasis on Serbia","authors":"Borislav Knežević","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.975218","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.975218","url":null,"abstract":"New forms of governance, regional strategic platforms and partnerships should overcome administrative, political and financial obstacles in a country in transition which is in a less advanced position compared to Western Europe. SEE1 countries have not been successful in completing a complex transition and transformation process towards the membership in European Union but also in embracing ICTs to the maximum extent possible as a new development opportunity in the era of globalization. The main goal of this paper is to examine the economic, political, organizational and social conditions necessary for a successful implementation of new forms of governance in Serbia and SEE countries. In this paper we also explore the emerged forms of e-Governance in Serbia having in mind that this process cuts across a broad range of technical, legal, economic and institutional issues. Our aim is to identify the key gaps and obstacles for evolving and developing new forms of governance in countries which had been to a large extent shaped in the period of communist rule. These countries are not ready for at least some elements of new modes of governance. Therefore, there is need to re-establish existing modes of governance through strengthening and reforming institutional and judiciary system, improving the quality of legislation and providing institutional, political, managerial and especially technical support for these actions. Today's governments face an important challenge, not only in terms of providing better information to citizens through the Internet, but also in terms of increasing productivity and reducing cost. The Internet is a mediating and disruptive technology that should have a crucial impact on improving e-Governance in SEE countries. SEE countries must aim to foster Internet infrastructure development and to implement higher bandwidth services which will enhance e-Government services. Despite the current factors and trends in SEE countries that contribute to the future Internet growth, we have witnessed a gap between those who have and those who do not have the possibility to use the Internet related technology and services. One of the major obstacles in accelerating progress is lack of competencies or knowledge on the part of leaders at various government and entrepreneur levels to design and implement successful e-Governance initiatives, particularly in the area of e-Democracy and e-Inclusion, which specifically aim at strengthening Human Governance. The absence of training and educational programs and intra-regional knowledge transfer mechanisms are key issues to be addressed. The Democratic and Human Governance dimension of ICT remains a serious challenge, with major progress still to be made. Such areas of e-Democracy as e-Participation, e-Inclusion, e-Transparency that are being emphasized by the EU i20102 strategic framework are not being properly addressed. This is partly because e-governance is neither fully understood nor prioritized","PeriodicalId":379282,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Empirical Studies of Governance & Institutional Change (Topic)","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130617750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Japan: Coordinated Capitalism between Institutional Change and Structural Inertia","authors":"M. Witt","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2171236","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2171236","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter of the Oxford Handbook of Asian Business Systems provides an overview of the institutional structure of the business system of Japan. It explores the role of the state, the financial system, ownership and corporate governance, the internal structure of the firm (management), employment relations, education and skills formation, inter-company relations (networks), and social capital. The analysis suggests that recent institutional change in the Japanese business system has been less pronounced than many observers expected or claimed. Informality — deviance of actual practice from formal structures — in the Japanese business system lies at the heart of much of this divergence. This chapter contributes directly to the business systems and varieties of capitalism literature and identifies institutional contingencies for comparative and international social science research in general.","PeriodicalId":379282,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Empirical Studies of Governance & Institutional Change (Topic)","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131405869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}