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International Journal of Microsimulation最新文献

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Editorial: Special Issue in honour of Vale Emerita Professor Ann Harding AO 社论：纪念淡水河谷名誉教授安-哈丁（Ann Harding AO）特刊
International Journal of Microsimulation Pub Date : 2023-08-31 DOI: 10.34196/ijm.00278
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引用次数: 0
The ‘German Job Miracle’ and Its Impact on Income Inequality: A Decomposition Study “德国就业奇迹”及其对收入不平等的影响:一项分解研究
International Journal of Microsimulation Pub Date : 2023-04-30 DOI: 10.34196/ijm.00274
J. Mühlhan
{"title":"The ‘German Job Miracle’ and Its Impact on Income Inequality: A Decomposition Study","authors":"J. Mühlhan","doi":"10.34196/ijm.00274","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34196/ijm.00274","url":null,"abstract":"In the last 15 years before the COVID-19 crisis, Germany has experienced a strong and continuous increase in employment - the ‘German job miracle'. During this period, income inequality, which had previously increased sharply, remained relatively stable. This paper analyzes the impact of employment changes on disposable income inequality between 2004 and 2015 and gives an answer to the question why inequality remained constant despite the dramatic increase in employment. It is the first study to examine the effect of changing labor supply patterns due to changes in policies, wages and preferences, as well as the role that labor market constraints have played for inequality of disposable income. It finds that inequality would have increased further due to a transforming population structure, but increasing employment and policy changes almost completely offset this development. The results show that employment growth due to the reduction of labor market constraints has been more important in slowing down the increase in inequality than changes in labor supply © 2023, Mühlhan","PeriodicalId":37916,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Microsimulation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49026322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Tax and Benefit Policies to Reduce Poverty in the Netherlands: A Microsimulation Analysis 荷兰减少贫困的税收和福利政策:微观模拟分析
International Journal of Microsimulation Pub Date : 2023-04-30 DOI: 10.34196/ijm.00277
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引用次数: 2
Analysing the Effects of Healthcare Payment Policies on Poverty: A Microsimulation Study with Real-World Healthcare Data 医疗支付政策对贫困的影响分析:基于真实医疗数据的微观模拟研究
International Journal of Microsimulation Pub Date : 2023-04-30 DOI: 10.34196/ijm.00276
Ph.D Katri Aaltonen, Dr Jussi Tervola, M.Sc Pekka Heino
{"title":"Analysing the Effects of Healthcare Payment Policies on Poverty: A Microsimulation Study with Real-World Healthcare Data","authors":"Ph.D Katri Aaltonen, Dr Jussi Tervola, M.Sc Pekka Heino","doi":"10.34196/ijm.00276","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34196/ijm.00276","url":null,"abstract":"In Europe, many people experience financial hardship due to healthcare payments, despite (near- )universal healthcare. In Finland and other countries, austerity has further widened the gaps in coverage through increases in patient payments. However, distributional analyses of austerity have solely concentrated on the effects of tax- benefit policies. We present a method for examining how health payment policies and tax- benefit policies affect household income in conjunction to evaluate the total effect of implemented and planned policies. We linked the national tax- benefit microsimulation model, SISU","PeriodicalId":37916,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Microsimulation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49183485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Editorial and outline of the special issue 特刊的编辑和提纲
International Journal of Microsimulation Pub Date : 2023-04-30 DOI: 10.34196/ijm.00272
{"title":"Editorial and outline of the special issue","authors":"","doi":"10.34196/ijm.00272","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34196/ijm.00272","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37916,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Microsimulation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46674215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Impact of COVID-19 on Living Standards: Addressing the Challenges of Nowcasting Unprecedented Macroeconomic Shocks with Scant Data and Uncharted Economic Behavior 新冠肺炎对生活水平的影响：用扫描数据和未知的经济行为应对当前前所未有的宏观经济冲击的挑战
International Journal of Microsimulation Pub Date : 2023-04-30 DOI: 10.34196/ijm.00273
N. Lustig, V. M. Pabon, F. Sanz, S. Younger
{"title":"The Impact of COVID-19 on Living Standards: Addressing the Challenges of Nowcasting Unprecedented Macroeconomic Shocks with Scant Data and Uncharted Economic Behavior","authors":"N. Lustig, V. M. Pabon, F. Sanz, S. Younger","doi":"10.34196/ijm.00273","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34196/ijm.00273","url":null,"abstract":"We present a methodological approach with relatively low information requirements to quantify the impact of large, unprecedented macroeconomic shocks like the COVID-19 pandemic on living standards across the income distribution. The approach can be produced quickly and, contrary to other \"fast-delivery\" exercises, does not assume that income losses are proportional across the income distribution, a feature that is critical to understanding the impact on poverty and inequality. Our method is sufficiently flexible to refine the projected effects of the shock as more information becomes available. We illustrate with data from the four largest countries in Latin America: Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, and Mexico, and discuss the estimated effect of COVID-19 on inequality and poverty. We also present the guidelines for adapting our framework to different countries and economic shocks © 2023, Lustig et al","PeriodicalId":37916,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Microsimulation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48465210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
SWITCH: A Tax-Benefit Model for Ireland Linked to Survey and Register Data SWITCH：与调查和登记数据相关的爱尔兰税收优惠模型
International Journal of Microsimulation Pub Date : 2023-04-30 DOI: 10.34196/ijm.00275
C. Keane, Karina Doorley, Theano Kakoulidou, Seamus O’malley
{"title":"SWITCH: A Tax-Benefit Model for Ireland Linked to Survey and Register Data","authors":"C. Keane, Karina Doorley, Theano Kakoulidou, Seamus O’malley","doi":"10.34196/ijm.00275","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34196/ijm.00275","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes the development and operation of the SWITCH model, a tax-benefit microsimulation model for Ireland which is linked to survey and register data. SWITCH is based on the EUROMOD platform but has important advantages over the Irish component of EUROMOD, including a “current income” concept, detailed information on benefit receipt in the underlying data and the modelling of non- cash benefits. We discuss the process of creating an input dataset, including reweighting and uprating. We validate the model’s simulation of the income distribution with respect to a range of external sources and suggest future improvements","PeriodicalId":37916,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Microsimulation","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43167145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Simulations of Policy Responses and Interventions to Promote Inclusive Adaptation to and Recovery from the COVID-19 Crisis in Ghana 加纳促进包容性适应新冠肺炎危机并从中恢复的政策应对和干预措施模拟
International Journal of Microsimulation Pub Date : 2022-12-31 DOI: 10.34196/ijm.00270
E. Cooke, A. Araar, E. Abrokwah, V. Acheampong, S. Appiah
{"title":"Simulations of Policy Responses and Interventions to Promote Inclusive Adaptation to and Recovery from the COVID-19 Crisis in Ghana","authors":"E. Cooke, A. Araar, E. Abrokwah, V. Acheampong, S. Appiah","doi":"10.34196/ijm.00270","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34196/ijm.00270","url":null,"abstract":"We assess the impact of COVID-19 shocks on household welfare and the effectiveness of select policies implemented to reduce their impact on welfare in Ghana. We adopt a microsimulation approach to assess the effects of COVID-19 on household welfare. Welfare fell by 34.2% to 41.9% between March and June 2020. Over the same period, the poverty headcount and the Gini index increased by 9 to 10.5 percentage points and 0.4 to 0.6 points respectively. The number of poor people increased by 2.8 to 3.2 million. The hardest-hit sector was education, with agriculture, forestry and fishing, trade and repairs, manufacturing, and other services also affected. The effects vary for men, women and children. While women experienced the largest decline in welfare, men experienced the highest increase in poverty incidence. The three policies selected reduced poverty marginally but were unable to offset the increase in poverty that occurred between March and June. The estimated cost of the three policies is GHS3.7 billion excluding administrative costs, which equates to approximately 1% of 2020 GDP © 2022, Cooke et al","PeriodicalId":37916,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Microsimulation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49320813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Economic and Distributional Impacts of Covid-19 Economic Shocks on Women in Senegal 新冠肺炎经济冲击对塞内加尔妇女的经济和分配影响
International Journal of Microsimulation Pub Date : 2022-12-31 DOI: 10.34196/ijm.00267
H. Maisonnave, F. Cabral, M. Henseler
{"title":"Economic and Distributional Impacts of Covid-19 Economic Shocks on Women in Senegal","authors":"H. Maisonnave, F. Cabral, M. Henseler","doi":"10.34196/ijm.00267","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34196/ijm.00267","url":null,"abstract":"Like other African countries, Senegal has been hit by Covid-19 and has implemented measures to contain the epidemic. These measures impact men and women differently, mainly via the impacts on the labour market. We simulate the economic shocks in a computable general equilibrium (CGE) model to assess the economic impacts. We capture the gendered impact on women's employment by linking the CGE model with a micro-simulation employment module. Furthermore, we assess the impact on poverty and inequality by executing a distributive analysis with a sequential top-down layered micro-simulation households module. The results show that the Senegalese economy suffers from Covid-19 measures with a decrease in gross domestic product by 5% and 7% in the moderate and severe scenarios, respectively. While most sectors are negatively affected, some benefit from the increase in foreign demand (e.g., for certain agricultural products). In terms of employment, unskilled workers are the most affected group. Female workers are relatively less affected than male workers due to the predominant presence of women in the agricultural sectors. Indeed, the increased foreign demand for agricultural products positively affects the agricultural sectors. However, poverty increases at the national level for all households, especially for rural households and households living in urban areas except Dakar. Specifically, the poverty gap and severity for rural households increase more than for urban households © 2022, Maisonnave et al","PeriodicalId":37916,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Microsimulation","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41952225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Simulations of Policy Responses During the COVID-19 Crisis in Argentina: Effects on Socioeconomic Indicators 新冠肺炎危机期间阿根廷政策应对的模拟：对社会经济指标的影响
International Journal of Microsimulation Pub Date : 2022-12-31 DOI: 10.34196/ijm.00269
J. Martinez-Correa, G. Cruces, J. Menduiña, J. Puig
{"title":"Simulations of Policy Responses During the COVID-19 Crisis in Argentina: Effects on Socioeconomic Indicators","authors":"J. Martinez-Correa, G. Cruces, J. Menduiña, J. Puig","doi":"10.34196/ijm.00269","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34196/ijm.00269","url":null,"abstract":"This paper simulates the effects of policy responses to the COVID-19 pandemic on household income and employment in Argentina, using household survey data and administrative data on employment and wages by economic sectors. The paper also includes a gender and age group analysis. The results indicate that during the COVID-19 crisis, household income decreased. This welfare loss was nonlinear along the income distribution, with the lowest income earners suffering the most due to relatively higher informality at the bottom of the income distribution. The policy responses seem to ameliorate by around one-third what the average drop in household income, and prevented major increases in poverty and inequality © 2022, Martinez-Correa et al","PeriodicalId":37916,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Microsimulation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46288878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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