BMC Psychology最新文献

{"title":"Smartphone addiction, depression, distress, eustress, loneliness, and sleep deprivation in adolescents: a latent profile and network analysis approach.","authors":"Fedai Kabadayi","doi":"10.1186/s40359-024-02117-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40359-024-02117-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Previous research on adolescent smartphone addiction has tended to focus on general populations that are assumed to be homogeneous, overlooking latent profiles. Furthermore, previous research has not focused on potentially important differences in the latent profiles of adolescent smartphone addiction in networks. The present study aimed to reveal the latent profiles of smartphone addiction, depression, stress, eustress, loneliness, and sleep deprivation in adolescents, and general and latent profiles were examined in the network.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study group consisted of 436 (222 boys and 214 girls) adolescents, aged between 13 and 18 years. The findings of the present study were provided using Pearson correlation, ANOVA, latent profile analysis and network analysis. The data were analyzed using SPSS, JASP, and Mplus.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results of the study showed solutions with three latent profiles. The non-addicted group constituted 20.87%, the addicted group covered 29.82% and the risky group included 49.31% of the study group. Although the general profile and the addicted latent group had similar characteristics, the differences in the risky and non-addicted groups contributed to the current literature by providing a further and remarkable perspective on smartphone addiction, depression, distress, eustress, loneliness, and sleep deprivation in adolescents.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The theoretical and practical implications of the present results will provide contributions to researchers and practitioners in understanding smartphone addiction.</p>","PeriodicalId":37867,"journal":{"name":"BMC Psychology","volume":"12 1","pages":"608"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11526649/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142548133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Personality traits and levels of anxiety and depression among martial artists: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Gaia Leuzzi, Benedetto Giardulli, Emanuela Pierantozzi, Filippo Recenti, Andrea Brugnolo, Marco Testa","doi":"10.1186/s40359-024-02096-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40359-024-02096-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In recent years, fighting arts (e.g., Karate, Judo, Jujitsu, Boxe) have gained broader attention due to their multiple benefits, involving both physical and psychological enhancements for practitioners. Despite that, studies revolving around specific psychological characteristics such as personality traits are scarce. This study explored potential connections between the personality traits of practitioners and the specific fighting art they engage in, and investigated levels of anxiety and depression in fighting artists.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A web-based cross-sectional survey instrument was developed and disseminated across the entire Italian territory. Participants were eligible if adults (> 18 years old) engaged in any fighting arts for a minimum of one year, with no additional restrictions. The survey employed the Big Five Inventory (BFI) with 44 questions to explore personality traits using the OCEAN model, and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) to explore anxiety and depression levels.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 770 questionnaires were collected from July to September 2023. Participants were mainly men (M = 571, 74.5%; F = 199, 25.8%; mean age 45.2 ± 14.8), and most of the participants practised in the North of Italy (N = 493, 64.0%). The mean age of practice was 28.5 ± 14.9 years and the most practised fighting arts were Judo (N = 349, 45.3%), Karate (N = 272, 35.3%) and Jujitsu (N = 42, 5.5%). Personality traits were identified as openness, conscientiousness, extroversion, agreeableness, neuroticism and the results were as follows: O) 40.1 ± 6.30; C) 37.1 ± 5.78; E) 28.2 ± 5.64; A) 35.1 ± 5.08; N) 19,8 ± 5,51. Anxiety and depression scored respectively 5.93 ± 3.14 and 3.67 ± 2.74.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Fighting artists exhibit elevated levels of positive personality traits, such as openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, and agreeableness. Conversely, neuroticism tends to be lower among them. Moreover, anxiety and depression levels among fighting artists are lower than the Italian normative values. Fighting arts, particularly Karate and Judo, emerge as promising avenues for adults seeking innovative or complementary strategies to foster positive personality traits (e.g., openness, conscientiousness) while mitigating anxiety and depression. Future studies could explore other personality traits, including Machiavellianism, and explore additional psychological characteristics such as aggressiveness to provide a more comprehensive understanding.</p>","PeriodicalId":37867,"journal":{"name":"BMC Psychology","volume":"12 1","pages":"607"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11526540/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142548130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Caregiver burden, attachment and cognitive emotion among the family caregivers of severe mental illness patients.","authors":"Zahra Bagheriamiri, Zahra Mirsepassi, Leila Sayadi","doi":"10.1186/s40359-024-02111-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40359-024-02111-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Serious mental illness (SMI) is a debilitating medical condition that causes stress and challenges for the family caregivers (FCs) of affected patients, increasing their caregiver burden (CB). This situation can activate attachment styles (AS) and trigger negative emotions, further contributing to CB. Given that AS and cognitive-emotional regulation (CER) can affect the CB of FCs of patients with SMI, the aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between CB with AS, and CER among the FCs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional descriptive-correlational study was carried out in May-November 2022. Participants were 278 FCs of patients with SMI consecutively recruited from Roozbeh leading psychiatric hospital, Tehran, Iran. Data were collected using a patients' demographic and clinical characteristics questionnaire, an FCs' demographic characteristics questionnaire, the Attachment Style Questionnaire, the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire, and the Burden Scale for Family Caregivers, and were analyzed using the SPSS software (v. 16.0).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>CB had significant inverse relationship with secure AS (r = - 0.262) and significant positive relationship with fearful AS (r = 0.194) and dismissive AS (r = 0.242) (P < 0.01). Moreover, CB had significant inverse relationship with adaptive CER strategies and significant positive relationship with maladaptive CER strategies (P < 0.001). Regression analysis also showed that CB had significant relationship with secure AS and catastrophizing, rumination, self-blame, and positive refocusing CER strategies (P < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study concludes that AS and CER can impact CB. There is a negative relationship between secure AS and CB, as well as between adaptive CER strategies and CB. Conversely, there is a positive relationship between avoidant AS and increased CB, as well as between maladaptive CER strategies and CB. It is recommended to adopt strategies that promote the use of secure AS and adaptive CER among the FCs of patients with SMI.</p>","PeriodicalId":37867,"journal":{"name":"BMC Psychology","volume":"12 1","pages":"610"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11529072/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142559068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diminished negative emotion regulation through affect labeling and reappraisal: insights from functional near infrared spectroscopy on lateral prefrontal cortex activation.","authors":"Yoshimura Shinpei, Shimomura Kouga, Onoda Keiichi","doi":"10.1186/s40359-024-02103-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40359-024-02103-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Reappraisal, an emotion regulation strategy, includes reinterpretation and affect labeling involving verbalizing emotions. In general, reappraisal is supported by lateral prefrontal cortical regions, which are also known to underlie cognitive regulation. Other research has shown that affect labeling combined with reappraisal of negative emotions increases lateral prefrontal cortex activity more than reappraisal alone does, suggesting that affect labeling facilitates emotional regulation. However, the influence of affect labeling on the efficacy of reappraisal in reducing subjective negative emotions has not been determined.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In the experiment, 35 participants (mean age = 28.2 years (SD = 9.63); 12 women and 23 men) viewed vignettes that aroused negative emotion. Then, they rated subjective negative emotions as baseline values. Following the baseline rating, the task branched into four conditions, combining affect labeling and emotion regulation factors. In the affect-labeling factor, participants selected emotional labels consistent with their own emotions or not. Regarding the emotion regulation factor, participants engaged in reappraisal to regulate their negative emotions. Throughout the experiment, the intensity of negative emotions was measured three times, mirroring the baseline measurement. Oxyhemoglobin (OxyHb) signal values in prefrontal cortex regions during tasks were measured by functional near-infrared spectroscopy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Differences between the subjective negative emotion ratings at baseline and after reappraisal indicated that reappraisal significantly reduced negative emotion with and without affect labeling (t (1173.05) = 29.97, p < 0.001), and the combination of affect labeling and reappraisal was less effective in regulating negative emotions at the subjective level than reappraisal without affect labeling (t (1172.03) = 3.15, p < 0.01). Additionally, there was an increase in OxyHb signal in the bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal and right ventral prefrontal cortices while participants performed reappraisal with affect labeling.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings suggest that affect labeling, when performed prior to cognitive reappraisal, may influence the process of negative emotion regulation in complex ways. The interaction between affect labeling and reappraisal appears to modulate prefrontal cortex activity, potentially reflecting changes in cognitive processing during emotion regulation attempts. These results highlight the need for further investigation into the intricate relationship between different emotion regulation strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":37867,"journal":{"name":"BMC Psychology","volume":"12 1","pages":"613"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11528986/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142559069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychometric evaluation of the persian version of Existential Concern Questionnaire (ECQ) in Iranian general population: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Seyyed Muhammad Mahdi Mahdavinoor, Maede Teimouri, Aghil Mollaei, Seyyed Hatam Mahdavinoor","doi":"10.1186/s40359-024-02090-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40359-024-02090-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Existential anxiety is the anxiety that goes beyond objective threats and is related to a person's existence. Due to the lack of appropriate instrument to measure all five domains of existential anxiety in the Iranian population, this study aimed to examine the psychometric properties of the Existential Concern Questionnaire (ECQ) in the Iranian general population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This online cross-sectional survey was conducted from October 9 to December 11, 2023 in Tehran, Iran. We used an Internet-based data collection method. A total of 549 participants completed the questionnaires. The research instruments included the Existential Concern Questionnaire, Existential Anxiety Questionnaire, Meaning in Life Questionnaire, Short version of the Beck Depression Inventory, Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale-12, and Death Attitude Profile Revised. Confirmatory factor analysis, convergent validity, and concurrent validity were used to measure the validity of ECQ. Cronbach's alpha and split-half methods were employed to assess the reliability of the ECQ.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Confirmatory factor analysis showed a good fit of the unidimensional model (CMIN/DF: 2.802, RMR: 0.066, GFI: 0.914, NFI: 0.911, CFI: 0.941, PNFI: 0.769, PCFI: 0.794, RMSEA: 0.057). Also, the correlation of ECQ with other variables was as expected except for the search for meaning in life (r: 0.010, P = 0.808), which indicates the validity of this questionnaire. The reliability of the questionnaire was also acceptable (Cronbach's Alpha: 0.935).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results supported the validity and reliability of the ECQ. The mentioned questionnaire can be used in Iranian general population. Considering the importance of existential anxiety in etiology of some disorders, it is suggested that the future studies focus on validation of the ECQ in different clinical samples and cultures.</p>","PeriodicalId":37867,"journal":{"name":"BMC Psychology","volume":"12 1","pages":"606"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11526684/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142548132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the usefulness of Protection Motivation Theory for predicting climate change mitigation behavioral intentions among a US sample of climate change deniers and acknowledgers.","authors":"Cynthia McPherson Frantz, L Bushkin, Devlin O'Keefe","doi":"10.1186/s40359-024-02088-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40359-024-02088-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This paper summarizes data from 7 studies that used Protection Motivation Theory (PMT) to guide climate messaging with the goal of increasing climate-mitigating behavioral intentions. Together, the studies address 5 research questions. 1) Does PMT predict behavioral intentions in the context of climate change mitigation? 2) Does PMT work similarly for climate change deniers vs acknowledgers? 3) Are the effects of threat and efficacy additive or multiplicative? 4) Does adding measures of collective threat and efficacy improve the model accuracy for a collective problem like climate change? 5) Can threat and efficacy appraisals - and ultimately behavioral intentions - be shifted through climate messaging?</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Seven online experiments were conducted on US adults (N = 3,761) between 2020 and 2022. Participants were randomly assigned to a control condition or to one of several experimental conditions designed to influence threat, efficacy, or both. Participants indicated their belief in climate change, ethnicity, gender, and political orientation. They completed measures of personal threat and efficacy, collective threat and efficacy, and behavioral intentions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Multiple regressions, ANCOVAs, and effect sizes were used to evaluate our research questions. Consistent with PMT, threat and efficacy appraisals predicted climate mitigation behavioral intentions, even among those who denied climate change. Different interactions emerged for climate deniers and acknowledgers, suggesting that in this context threat and efficacy are not just additive in their effects (but these effects were small). Including measures of collective threat and efficacy only modestly improved the model. Finally, evidence that threat and efficacy appraisals can be shifted was weak and inconsistent; mitigation behavioral intentions were not reliably influenced by the messages tested.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>PMT effectively predicts climate change mitigation behavioral intentions among US adults, whether they deny climate change or acknowledge it. Threat appraisals may be more impactful for deniers, while efficacy appraisals may be more impactful for acknowledgers. Including collective-level measures of threat and efficacy modestly improves model fit. Contrary to PMT research in other domains, threat and efficacy appraisals were not easily shifted under the conditions tested here, and increases did not reliably lead to increases in behavioral intentions.</p>","PeriodicalId":37867,"journal":{"name":"BMC Psychology","volume":"12 1","pages":"605"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11523794/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142548126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring emotional intelligence in children using the trait emotional intelligence questionnaire: a systematic review.","authors":"Zeynep Özal, Federica Ambrosini, Roberta Biolcati, Elena Trombini, Stella Mavroveli, Giacomo Mancini","doi":"10.1186/s40359-024-02094-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40359-024-02094-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Measuring psychological constructs in children presents unique challenges, as careful consideration of children's cognitive and socioemotional development is needed. The Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire-Child Form (TEIQue-CF) was developed within the theoretical underpinnings of trait Emotional Intelligence theory and is predicated on primary aged children. This review aims to systematize the scientific literature on the TEIQue-CF, its corresponding short form, the TEIQue-CSF and the translated versions of these tools to identify the key outcomes predicted by these forms in children aged 8-13 years.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A search was conducted in Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and APA PsycArticles in June 2024. This review was guided by the latest version of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Conducted search identified 40 studies that investigated child emotional intelligence measured via TEIQue child forms. The key findings cover several topics related to the emotional aspects of children's personalities, such as their intra- and interpersonal relationships, school life, cognition, and creativity.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This systematic review revealed that trait Emotional Intelligence measured via the TEIQue child forms provide reliable results and is valid, as it has been linked to key childhood variables. This review also provides guidance for future research on the topic of trait Emotional Intelligence in children by highlighting current research limitations to avoid the likelihood of misleading research findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":37867,"journal":{"name":"BMC Psychology","volume":"12 1","pages":"604"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11523793/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142548127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intervention impact on quality of life in Ukrainians with post-traumatic stress disorder.","authors":"Liudmyla Kiro, Alina Urbanovych, Maksym Zak","doi":"10.1186/s40359-024-02109-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40359-024-02109-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates the prevalence of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) among the population of Ukraine at approximately 25%. Almost half of the population, or 57%, is at risk of developing PTSD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This longitudinal study included an assessment of QoL dynamics among 109 Ukrainian civilians with PTSD, before and after receiving complex treatment during the Russian-Ukrainian conflict. Clinical, anamnesis, socio-demographic, psychological, and statistical methods were employed. To assess quality of life, we used the Ukrainian versions of the 36-item survey (SF-36) and European Quality Assessment Questionnaire in 5 Regions (EQ-5D-5L) questionnaires.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>On the 30th day after the complex treatment, the following parameters showed significant improvement compared to the 1st day: physical functioning (48 vs 5), general perception of health (56 vs 52), and synthetic index associated with physical health (34 vs 29). On the 90th day, there was additional improvement in body pain, vitality, and mental health compared to the 30th day. By the 180th day, the score in general health reached statistical significance at 76. According to items characterizing mental health, it was possible to achieve reliable improvement in overall mental health 100, p = 0.0049 only on the 180th day of the study.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Normalization of mental health indicators in patients with PTSD occurs more slowly than physical indicators. Therefore, it requires long-term active monitoring of this category of patients during the post-rehabilitation period. In particular, special attention should be paid to psychological aspects even when somatic recovery has been achieved.</p>","PeriodicalId":37867,"journal":{"name":"BMC Psychology","volume":"12 1","pages":"601"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11523818/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142548128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measuring health-related quality of life in a Chinese Mainland adolescent population: psychometric properties of the Mandarin Chinese self-reported KIDSCREEN-27 and KIDSCREEN-10 index.","authors":"Juan Li, Yuhang Zhu, Gaopei Zhu, Zhenliang Qiu, Jinling Wang, Anne Kaman, Michael Erhart, Adekunle Adedeji, Yongye Liu, Di Wu, Ulrike Ravens-Sieberer","doi":"10.1186/s40359-024-01876-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40359-024-01876-6","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;The self-reported KIDSCREEN questionnaires are ideal for capturing children's and adolescents' health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and have gained worldwide popularity. Responding to demands for the concise nature of KIDSCREEN among Chinese Mainland researchers and practitioners, this study aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Mandarin Chinese self-reported KIDSCREEN-27 (KS-27) and KIDSCREEN-10 index (KS-10), which are short versions of the self-reported KIDSCREEN-52 (KS-52).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;This study reanalyzed the validation dataset of the Mandarin Chinese self-reported KS-52. The dataset originated from a cross-sectional survey conducted in Weifang City, the Chinese Mainland, from October to November 2016. Adolescents aged 11-17 years (N = 4385) were surveyed, and sub-samples (N = 841) were retested. Statistical analyses were conducted on the feasibility, item and dimension properties, reliability, and validity of the Mandarin Chinese self-reported KS-27 and KS-10.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Indirect evidence from the Small Group Pilot Survey indicated that the Mandarin Chinese self-reported KS-27 and KS-10 can be completed on average in less than 12.33 mins. Their response rate exceeded 90% regardless of the unit- and item (dimension)-level. The psychometric properties of items and dimensions were likewise found to be satisfactory. Internal consistency was robust with inter-item and item-total correlations (0.173-0.873, 0.422-0.786), Cronbach's alpha (0.786-0.881), Guttman's lambda-2 and - 6 (0.807-0.889, 0.829-0.896), and McDonald's omega (0.725-0.886). Test-retest reliability at both item- and dimension-level was excellent, with intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) of (0.590-0.696, 0.785-0.842); standard error of measurements (SEMs) of (0.352-0.635, 0.949-1.949). Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) confirmed their five- and one-dimensional structures, albeit with slight modifications. Moreover, the multi-group confirmatory factor analysis (MG-CFA) substantiated their configural and metric invariance across gender and grade groups. Convergent validity was robust, with stronger correlations observed with comparable dimensions of the Mandarin Chinese self-reported PedsQL™ 4.0, while discriminant validity was evident with low correlations observed with less comparable dimensions. The known-group validity was mainly supported by medium to large effect sizes concerning differences in socioeconomic status (η&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; = 0.07-0.17, Cohen's d = 0.55-1.03) and mental health status (η&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; = 0.09-0.40, Cohen's d = 0.73-1.83). The Mandarin Chinese self-reported KS-52 served as the criterion; the ICCs between the Mandarin Chinese self-reported KS-27 and KS-10 and their comparable dimensions were stronger, indicating robust criterion validity.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;The Mandarin Chinese self-reported KS-27 and KS-10 demonstrated excellent psychometric prop","PeriodicalId":37867,"journal":{"name":"BMC Psychology","volume":"12 1","pages":"600"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11523896/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142548129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structural model of intelligence beliefs, motivational beliefs, academic self-handicapping and academic adjustment in Chinese undergraduate students.","authors":"Yu Han","doi":"10.1186/s40359-024-01999-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40359-024-01999-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Academic adjustment is crucial for students' success and well-being, yet the factors influencing this process must be more adequately understood. Although prior research has explored the impact of Intelligence and motivational beliefs on academic outcomes, there is a need to clarify how these beliefs interact to influence academic adjustment. Specifically, the existing literature needs a comprehensive model that integrates intelligence beliefs, motivational beliefs, and academic self-efficacy and examines their combined effect on academic adjustment.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This research aims to develop and analyze a model that explains the relationships among intelligence beliefs (fixed and growth mindsets), motivational beliefs (including self-efficacy and intrinsic value) and test anxiety in predicting academic adjustment. This study also seeks to investigate the mediating role of academic self-efficacy in these associations, providing a deeper understanding of the underlying mechanisms that contribute to students' academic adaptation.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The research employed a correlational methodology, targeting male and female undergraduate students at Inner Mongolia Medical University during the 2021 academic year. The statistical population comprised students from various departments, and a convenience sampling approach was utilized. Data collection involved 384 participants who completed questionnaires, including the Academic Adjustment Questionnaire, Intelligence Beliefs Questionnaire, Motivational Beliefs Questionnaire, and Academic Self-Efficacy Questionnaire.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The findings revealed a favourable fit between the proposed model and the collected data. Furthermore, through a comprehensive direct and indirect effects analysis, it was evident that academic self-efficacy mediated the relationships among intelligence beliefs (both inherent and incremental), self-efficacy, intrinsic value, test anxiety, and academic adjustment. These results contribute to a nuanced understanding of the factors influencing academic adjustment among undergraduate students. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: In conclusion, this research underscores the pivotal role of academic self-efficacy as a mediator in the nexus between intelligence beliefs (both inherent and incremental) and academic adjustment. The study advocates for heightened attention to these constructs in educational planning. It emphasizes the need for educational interventions that foster positive Intelligence and motivational beliefs and mitigate test anxiety to enhance academic self-efficacy and promote successful academic adjustment. The implications of these findings extend to educators, counsellors, and policymakers involved in shaping the educational experiences of undergraduate students.</p>","PeriodicalId":37867,"journal":{"name":"BMC Psychology","volume":"12 1","pages":"602"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11523899/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142548134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}