Glottotheory最新文献

{"title":"Models of conversion in Modern English","authors":"Tetyana Rubanets, S. Kiyko, Y. Kiyko","doi":"10.1515/glot-2022-2008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/glot-2022-2008","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The article under studies deals with the issue of the conversives structure and semantic characteristics in the models noun – verb, verb – noun, noun – adjective and adjective – noun. It consists of four stages. The first stage regards the main approaches to the phenomenon of conversion in line with system-structural, communicative-functional and cognitive paradigms, as well as elaborates the definitions, used in the work. The purpose of the second stage is to form the research material. By a continuous sample of three academic dictionaries New Webster’s Dictionary of the English Language (2009. 5th ed. London: Pearson education), Macmillian English Dictionary (2006. In M. Rundell (ed.), For advanced learners. London: Palgrave Macmillan) and Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English (2009. 5th ed. London: Pearson education), a total amount of 18,263 conversives was written out. To avoid repeating the conversives given in the dictionaries, we have developed a sample, in which every conversion pair occurred once. The total number of the studied conversives is 10,140 tokens, grouped into 5,070 conversion pairs. The third stage highlights the structural and semantic features of conversives in modern English. It describes the peculiarities of parts of speech and semantic transitions, as well as determines the conversives structural models and their modifications. In order to establish regular semantic changes, the conversion semantic models are singled out, quantitative characteristics of each model are established and the most productive transitions from the generative to the derivative are described. At the final stage, the results of the work are summarized and the prospects for further research are outlined. The obtained results will enrich the theory of nomination with the new systematized material of conversives, which are an integral part of natural languages, and the analysis of English language conversives will supplement the theoretical and methodological basis for further study of the phenomenon of conversion in other languages.","PeriodicalId":37792,"journal":{"name":"Glottotheory","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47151195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Kashubian – its Middle Low German heritage as partial superstrate","authors":"W. Abraham, A. Kątny, Piotr Bartelik","doi":"10.1515/glot-2022-2003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/glot-2022-2003","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This article is about a Slavic language that has undergone massive lexical and grammatical influence from medieval Low German (MLG). As it has retained its fundamentally Slavic character, we focus on the heritage status of Low German intruding into what essentially remains Slavic typologically. Kashubian is West Slavic with a considerable (Middle) Low German heritage. As expected for a substrate language, such as Kashubian, there is considerable lexical, but minor syntactic German influence in Kashubian. Yet, one main typological characteristic of Slavic Kashubian and Polish, the cross-Slavic aspect and tense paradigm has been expanded by the miec ʻhave’ and the bëc ʻbe’ periphrases expressing tense in the sense of the German perfect tense using the verbal bracket. We trace the change from the pretemporal periphrastic predicative construction (subject-PP-Aux) and the attributive pattern (subject-Aux-PP) in Kashubian (and Polish), as opposed to the superstate German tense periphrasis and the verbal bracket “subject [-Aux-object-PP]” or “subject-object-PP-Aux”; its link to the Polish aspect and simple tense pattern. And we ask the question: are there evolutionary genetic components in the heritage situation that might lead to genetic patterns of natural L-change and grammaticalization? This paper is based on the view that grammar change in a heritage language like Kashubian is not necessarily a case of Darwinian (genetic) evolution in that the targets are seldom cognitively encapsulated procedural parts of grammar (such as the German verbal bracket in dependent clauses of German). The reason is that the latter is structural in Low German, the superstrate language, while it may be used both structurally and relationally in Kashubian and non-structurally (i.e., only relationally) in Polish. Much rather, the cognitively accessible, declarative content of grammars is open for social changes (lexical inventories and their paradigms). Theoretically, the paper is framed under modern heritage considerations (Kelleher, Ann. 2010. What is a heritage language? Davis: University of California. http://www.cal.org/heritage/pdfs/briefs/What-is-a-Heritage-Language.pdf (accessed 26 February 2021); Polinsky, Maria. 2018. Heritage languages and their speakers. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; Polinsky, Maria & Gregory Scontras. 2019. Understanding heritage languages. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition. 1–17; Scontras, Gregory & Michael T. Putnam. 2020. Lesser studied Heritage Languages: An Appeal to the Dyad. Heritage Language Journal. 152–155).","PeriodicalId":37792,"journal":{"name":"Glottotheory","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48289420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"(Un-)persönliches Schreiben in der Wissenschaftssprache? Eine vergleichende quantitative Studie mit deutschen und polnischen Bachelorarbeiten aus der Germanistik","authors":"Jochen Matthies","doi":"10.1515/glot-2022-2002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/glot-2022-2002","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Der vorliegende Aufsatz beschäftigt sich mit Agensdemotion und Verfasserreferenz im Deutschen als fremder Wissenschaftssprache. Es wird eine vergleichende Korpusstudie mit deutschsprachigen Bachelorarbeiten von muttersprachlichen und polnischen Studenten durchgeführt. Innerhalb dieser wird untersucht, mit welchen sprachlichen Strukturen die Autoren in ihrem Text auf eigenes Verfasserhandeln verweisen. Eine quantitativ-statistische Auswertung zeigt signifikante Unterschiede zwischen den beiden Gruppen auf: Bei einer insgesamt deutlich niedrigeren Verweisdichte weisen die polnischen Texte einen erheblich höheren Anteil von Passivkonstruktionen auf, während etwa sein + zu + Infinitiv sowie lassen-Konstruktionen deutlich seltener sind. Mögliche Erklärungsansätze liegen in Frequenzmustern im sprachlichen Input, aber auch in Transferphänomenen.","PeriodicalId":37792,"journal":{"name":"Glottotheory","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48202248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Themenheft „Sprachkontakte“: Call for papers","authors":"C. Földes","doi":"10.1515/glot-2022-2004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/glot-2022-2004","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37792,"journal":{"name":"Glottotheory","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46788653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Iambic verse in different literary traditions","authors":"Еvgeny Kazartsev","doi":"10.1515/glot-2021-2004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/glot-2021-2004","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper is devoted to study how the metrical verse like iambic tetrameter can be realized in different literary traditions. The formation of iambic verse in the Early Modern Time in Europe and its spread to the East of the Continent is investigated. The interaction between meter and language in different literary traditions during this process is considered and the nature of the meter’s implementation is determined. As a result of the transfer of iambic verse from one tradition to another, the highest degree of correspondence between meter and language is achieved. The utmost level of verse metricality was especially successfully embodied in the German and later also in the early Russian iambic poetry. However, the evolution and the further transfer of iamb on the East of the Continent significantly modifies the principles of interaction between metrical canon and language prosody.","PeriodicalId":37792,"journal":{"name":"Glottotheory","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43744725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gerd Hentschel, Jolanta Tambor & István Fekete: Das Schlesische und seine Sprecher/Śląski lekt i jego użytkownicy. Etablierung in der Gesellschaft, Attitüden, Vitalität der Germanismen/Rozpowszechnienie, postawy społeczne wobec śląszczyzny, żywotność germanizmów w lekcie śląskim","authors":"Emmerich Kelih","doi":"10.1515/glot-2022-2006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/glot-2022-2006","url":null,"abstract":"Der schlesische Regiolekt hatte unter deutscher Herrschaft eine Vielzahl von Germanismen aufgenommen. Dargestellt wird, inwieweit dieser Einfluss des Deutschen noch heute sichtbar ist. Das Schlesische wird nur noch von einer Minderheit der oberschlesischen Bevölkerung gesprochen, neben Polnisch. Analysiert werden auch die Präferenzen der Wahl des Kodes und wie diese soziobiographisch bedingt sind.\u0000Pod rządami niemieckimi na Śląsku regiolekt śląski wchłonął dużą liczbę germanizmów. Przedstawione badania pokazują, w jakim stopniu widoczny jest nadal wpływ języka niemieckiego na lekt śląski, którym obok dominującego polskiego, dziś posługuje się już mniejszość mieszkańców Górnego Śląska. Przedmiotem analiz są też preferencje wyboru używanego kodu i jego socjobiograficzne uwarunkowania.","PeriodicalId":37792,"journal":{"name":"Glottotheory","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41763165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Frontmatter","authors":"","doi":"10.1515/glot-2021-frontmatter2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/glot-2021-frontmatter2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37792,"journal":{"name":"Glottotheory","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43016844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergetik der Dekodierung von Substantiv-Neubildungen in Satzstrukturen des Deutschen","authors":"Viktor Drebet, Svitlana Kiyko, Yuriy Kiyko","doi":"10.1515/glot-2021-2002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/glot-2021-2002","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The article deals with the study of complex noun neologisms in the aspect of transformation and decoding of the semantic volume of their dominant component in relation to the structure of sentences of the German-language press from the standpoint of linguosynergetics. We focus on the synergetic law of conservation of speech energy and minimization of efforts as a driving factor, which directs the human mental lexicon to decoding of the complex nouns-neologisms with the dominant of the corresponding nominations of semantic volume of polysemic and monosemic word models. In a synergetic sense, parallels are drawn between the dictionary as a representative of the linguistic generalization of the structured amount of knowledge of the learned extralinguistic reality and the mental lexicon, which is not an arbitrary accumulation of contributions, but constitutes a structured hierarchical system of such contributions. The indicators obtained on the basis of statistical methods are extrapolated to synergetic models in the format of correlation of decoded nominations with simple and complex sentences of the German-language press. Such linguosynergetic analysis opens up prospects for modeling and predicting the possible lexicalization of complex noun-neologisms in view of their synergetic cycle of order-chaos-order and replenishment of German linguistics with new knowledge about German-language noun vocabulary.","PeriodicalId":37792,"journal":{"name":"Glottotheory","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42975523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A corpus-driven description of when-adverbial in Nigerian and British Englishes","authors":"Mayowa Akinlotan","doi":"10.1515/glot-2021-2003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/glot-2021-2003","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Syntactic alternation allows us to understand how structural variation, including crucial factors relevant to their meaning and interpretation, operates linguistic varieties. Empirical evidence from such syntactic alternation study can provide insights into how new varieties differ from the established ones. The present study aims at increasing contributions that show the nature of syntactic alternation from new Englishes such as Nigerian English, and how they differ from established varieties such as British English. Taking when adverbial construction in Nigerian English as a reference point (When Trump realised his reelection loss, he changed his political expectations versus Trump changed his political expectations when he realised his reelection loss), the study shows the extent to which previously tested factors influence the ordering of the construction and how they differ from findings reported in British English. Relying on corpus data, together with descriptive distributional analysis, the study shows that, unlike British English in which functional and cognitive factors strongly influence structural patterning, functional factors outweigh cognitive factors in Nigerian English.","PeriodicalId":37792,"journal":{"name":"Glottotheory","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48536962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Literary “higher dimensions” quantified: a stylometric study of nine stories","authors":"Michal Místecký, Tomi S. Melka","doi":"10.1515/glot-2021-2021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/glot-2021-2021","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The study will focus on the quantitative assessment of nine stories, considered important contributions in the supernatural and in the early and modern science-fiction prose. Besides the two treatments of the topic of imaginary Flatland – penned by E. A. Abbott and C. H. Hinton –, the corpus includes writings by H. G. Wells, A. Blackwood, M. Leinster, G. Waldeyer, R. A. Heinlein, L. Padgett, and A. C. Clarke. Texts are researched on the bases of four analyses (moving-average type-token ratio, average tokens length, Busemann’s coefficient, and collocation associativity), with the results tested for statistical significance; next, the textual comparisons will provide a springboard for sketches of literary criticism interpretations. The analyzed corpus has revealed the distinctive and colorful take writers have in their stories. By the nature of their subject, the texts are expected to share higher dimensions and time warps, a thread implying a meeting point in terms of vocabulary richness, plot development, and possibly of narrative structure. Yet, in most cases, the findings suggest basic and nuanced differences, hinting at clear stylistic physiognomies in the authorship. The outcome affects not only the assessment of the weight individual samples have, but also the interface between a common (sub)genre and personal style.","PeriodicalId":37792,"journal":{"name":"Glottotheory","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44549169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}