Whitehall Papers最新文献

Revision Surgery With Refixation After Mandibular Fractures. 下颌骨骨折后的复位翻修手术

IF 0.8

Whitehall Papers Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2023-06-05 DOI: 10.1177/19433875231179318

Claudius Steffen, Margrit Welter, Heilwig Fischer, Maximilian Goedecke, Christian Doll, Steffen Koerdt, Kilian Kreutzer, Max Heiland, Carsten Rendenbach, Jan O Voss

{"title":"Revision Surgery With Refixation After Mandibular Fractures.","authors":"Claudius Steffen, Margrit Welter, Heilwig Fischer, Maximilian Goedecke, Christian Doll, Steffen Koerdt, Kilian Kreutzer, Max Heiland, Carsten Rendenbach, Jan O Voss","doi":"10.1177/19433875231179318","DOIUrl":"10.1177/19433875231179318","url":null,"abstract":"Study design: Retrospective, descriptive observational study.Objective: The need for revision surgery after mandibular fractures is an indicator for severe postoperative complications. This study aimed to characterise this patient cohort, describe solutions to deal with complications and evaluate treatment quality as a risk variable for complications.Methods: Patients with revision surgery with refixation after open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) of a mandible fracture were included. Patient- and therapy-specific information were assessed together with postoperative complications. The quality of fixation was evaluated individually by 6 specialists. Interobserver agreement was analysed using Fleiss' kappa.Results: Out of 630 patients, inclusion criteria were met by 17 patients (14 male, 3 female) with an average age of 43.3 (±15.5) years. Complications at the mandible body/angle/symphysis led to refixation in all cases. Main indications for refixation were osteomyelitis (52.9%) or pseudarthrosis (41.2%). Risk factors were drug-related immune suppression, local infection or substance abuse (nicotine, alcohol or drugs). Six patients did not present any of these predictors. Of these, treatment of 4 patients was rated as not in accordance to the AO principles. The interrater reliability of treatment quality assessments was .239.Conclusions: Patients with risk factors need to be carefully observed perioperatively after ORIF of mandibular fractures and treatments need to be adapted to these patients. Discrepancies of treatments to common guidelines may also be an independent predictor for treatment failure in patients without risk factors. Current treatment guidelines should be re-evaluated concerning additional treatment strategies for patients with specific risk factors.","PeriodicalId":37791,"journal":{"name":"Whitehall Papers","volume":"74 1","pages":"214-224"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11425749/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81276127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

High-Order Language Processing Difficulties in Patients With Schizophrenia: Cross-linguistic and Cross-cultural Results From the Hindi Version of a Newly Developed Language Test. 精神分裂症患者的高级语言处理障碍：新开发语言测试印地语版的跨语言和跨文化结果。

Whitehall Papers Pub Date : 2022-05-02 eCollection Date: 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/schizbullopen/sgac029

Jayesh Srivastava, Vishal Sinha, Daniel Ketteler, Amit Jagtiani

{"title":"High-Order Language Processing Difficulties in Patients With Schizophrenia: Cross-linguistic and Cross-cultural Results From the Hindi Version of a Newly Developed Language Test.","authors":"Jayesh Srivastava, Vishal Sinha, Daniel Ketteler, Amit Jagtiani","doi":"10.1093/schizbullopen/sgac029","DOIUrl":"10.1093/schizbullopen/sgac029","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To detect subtle linguistic performance deficits in patients with schizophrenia, a test battery was developed in Hindi vernacular language.Method: It was a replication study of observational, analytical, and case-control design. Total of 86 participants, namely 43 patients with schizophrenia and 43 controls, were recruited into the study. The patients were evaluated by using PANSS (positive and negative symptoms scale for schizophrenia) for recruitment into the study. Participants from the general population were evaluated with GHQ-12 (General Health Questionnaire-12) to be found to fit as healthy controls. Subsequently, the linguistic performance of patients (on HLFT: Hindi linguistic function test) was compared with that of controls. The HLFT battery was designed, containing 3 blocks by using antonyms, synonyms, homonyms, hyperonyms, hyponyms, distractors, and adages.Result: Patients scored significantly less than that of controls in identifying antonyms, distractors, and hyponyms while in identifying homonyms they scored significantly more than that of controls. At block I (antonyms) score of 15.5; at homonym score of 5.5; at hyponym (as in hyponym plus distractor combination) score of 2.5, the sensitivity and specificity for using them as a cutoff to screen for schizophrenia are 60.5% and 67.4%; 86% and 41.9%; 81.4% and 46.5%, respectively.Conclusion: Ambiguity processing of taxonomic representation such as antonymia, homonymia, hypo-/hyperonymia, synonymia, and also understanding of adages might be significantly impaired in patients with schizophrenia. The HLFT battery could be used as a quick and sensitive instrument to detect and quantify the linguistic difficulties of patients with schizophrenia.","PeriodicalId":37791,"journal":{"name":"Whitehall Papers","volume":"76 1","pages":"sgac029"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11319873/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81276162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Chapter I: The Strategic Context 第一章:战略背景

Whitehall Papers Pub Date : 2022-04-12 DOI: 10.1080/02681307.2022.2030965

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Chapter V: Russian Land and Amphibious Capabilities in the Arctic 第五章：俄罗斯在北极的陆地和两栖能力

Whitehall Papers Pub Date : 2022-04-12 DOI: 10.1080/02681307.2022.2030970

{"title":"Chapter V: Russian Land and Amphibious Capabilities in the Arctic","authors":"","doi":"10.1080/02681307.2022.2030970","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02681307.2022.2030970","url":null,"abstract":"The maritime nature of the theatre has seen the prominence of air and naval power in Russia’s Arctic build-up. Nonetheless, Russia does have an increasingly credible, though still limited, suite of rapidly deployable ground and amphibious capabilities in the region. Large portions of the Russian force structure not held within Russia’s Arctic-facing commands, including the air force, have been practising regional missions since 2014 and, as air-mobile forces, could likely be rapidly deployed there. NATO forces are also permanently present in the High North – built around the Norwegian army’s Brigade Nord – but are limited. However, Norway is likely to be reinforced in a conflict. Frameworks such as the UK-led Joint Expeditionary Force might be mobilised in a crisis scenario, with the Royal Marines having a major role in High North operations. Exercises such as Trident Juncture and Amphibious Leaders Expeditionary Symposium wargames also suggest European rapid reaction forces flowing into Norway as part of a US-led Marine Expeditionary Unit. The modelling from previous chapters suggests that in wartime, Russian anti-access capabilities could slow this flow of forces if they are not attritted.","PeriodicalId":37791,"journal":{"name":"Whitehall Papers","volume":"100 1","pages":"87 - 95"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44665006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Chapter IV: The Balance of Power in the Air 第四章空中力量平衡

Whitehall Papers Pub Date : 2022-04-12 DOI: 10.1080/02681307.2022.2030969

Matthew Melino

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Collated figures from Whitehall Papers 100(1), “The Balance of Power Between Russia and NATO in the Arctic and High North” 整理自白厅文件100(1)，“俄罗斯和北约在北极和高北地区的力量平衡”的数据

Whitehall Papers Pub Date : 2022-04-12 DOI: 10.1080/02681307.2022.2030975

Alexandra Land

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Introduction 介绍

Whitehall Papers Pub Date : 2022-04-12 DOI: 10.1080/02681307.2022.2030964

J. Fu, A. Reddy

{"title":"Introduction","authors":"J. Fu, A. Reddy","doi":"10.1080/02681307.2022.2030964","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02681307.2022.2030964","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Reattachment of fractured tooth fragment is the contemporary minimal intervention concept. Aim: To compare the fracture resistance of three reattachment techniques in fractured endodontically treated incisors. Materials and Methods: Eighty maxillary central incisors were divided into four groups (n=20 each), where group A samples served as control. Remaining (n=60) crowns were sectioned experimentally, and after root canal treatment, in group B reattachment was done by placing palatal grooves and overcontouring. In group C, teeth were reattached by placing glass fiber posts and in group D, titanium posts were used. After thermocycling, fracture resistance evaluation was done by using universal testing machine and mode of failure was analysed under stereomicroscope. Statistical Analysis: The force required to fracture the tooth recorded in newtons was subjected to statistical analysis using one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s multiple post-hoc test with a level of significance ᾳ=0.05. Results: Reattachment with titanium post reinforcement has shown higher fracture resistance, whereas palatal grooves with overcontouring has exhibited lowest resistance to fracture (p=< 0.05). Most of the favourable fractures occurred in the fiber post group. Conclusion: Reinforcement with titanium posts can significantly improve the fracture strength of reattached teeth and results in a favourable fracture mode.","PeriodicalId":37791,"journal":{"name":"Whitehall Papers","volume":"100 1","pages":"1 - 5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45088839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Appendix 2: Submarine ASW Interactions 附录2：潜艇ASW相互作用

Whitehall Papers Pub Date : 2022-04-12 DOI: 10.1080/02681307.2022.2030973

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Chapter II: The Balance of Capabilities in the Subsurface Domain 第二章:地下领域的能力平衡

Whitehall Papers Pub Date : 2022-04-12 DOI: 10.1080/02681307.2022.2030966

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Appendix 1: Salvo Combat Models for Surface Warfare 附录1:水面作战的齐射作战模型

Whitehall Papers Pub Date : 2022-04-12 DOI: 10.1080/02681307.2022.2030972

{"title":"Appendix 1: Salvo Combat Models for Surface Warfare","authors":"","doi":"10.1080/02681307.2022.2030972","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02681307.2022.2030972","url":null,"abstract":"The modelling conducted to examine the balance of power in ASuW is laid out in brief here. This appendix will be of use for readers attempting to replicate the authors’ findings or to test hypotheses with their own input data. The logic of modelling a single salvo exchange is described below. The campaign analysis allowed each party a set number of salvos depending on information advantage – NATO secures the first salvo in an offensive posture, for example. These assumptions depend on the authors’ qualitative analysis and are exogenous to the model, which can be tested with different assumptions. To examine the balance of power on the ocean surface, the authors used two stylised salvo combat models derived from the work of Wayne Hughes. The first model examines the risk to assets at the GIUK Gap posed by long-range strike assets, such as the Backfire bomber and the MIG-31K, as well as SSGN-launched P-800 Oniks missiles. The second examines an engagement closer to the Russian bastion in which a NATO CSG backed by two surface action groups – 13 vessels in all – confronts the surface forces of the Northern Fleet. The latter model is useful for examining whether NATO can support missions such as SEAD against the Kola Peninsula using carrier-enabled power projection. Sorties by NATO airborne strike assets are treated as part of its salvos, with munitions loads multiplied by sortie rates. This is consistent with previous work on battles in the Pacific theatre in which airborne sorties were incorporated into the salvo combat model. For the first model, the authors assume that Russian OTH targeting can provide the location of any given vessel with an uncertainty of 20 km. Based on this, Russian combat aviation and MPAs can conduct sorties to provide more granular data or Russian anti-access capabilities can be ‘fired blind’ to saturate the area of uncertainty. The lethality of Russian forces under conditions of information advantage, such as when they have granular targeting information, can be calculated using two adaptations of Hughes’s original models, an","PeriodicalId":37791,"journal":{"name":"Whitehall Papers","volume":"100 1","pages":"99 - 102"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48840400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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