European Journal of General Dentistry最新文献

{"title":"Clear Expansion Plate: A Novel Technique","authors":"Ahmad Behroozian","doi":"10.1055/s-0041-1733303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1733303","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objectives Posterior crossbite is one of the most common orthodontic problems in primary and mixed dentition that induces deleterious and permanent effects on dentition, dentoskeletal structures, and esthetics. Early correction of unilateral and bilateral posterior crossbite is necessary to prevent these problems. Early intervention with removable Schwarz appliance is one of the useful appliances to correct posterior crossbite, but it has its own disadvantages. Materials and Methods In this article, we have presented a new appliance and method of fabrication to aid the expansion of the maxilla. Results The presented “clear expansion plate” that is made by thermoplastic sheets maintains all of the positive properties of the Schwarz plate and has several additional advantages. Conclusion After being tested in clinical trials, traditional expansion plate can be replaced by clear expansion plate.","PeriodicalId":37771,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of General Dentistry","volume":"10 1","pages":"120 - 122"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44097822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Performance of Universal Adhesives on Orthodontic Bracket Bonding","authors":"M. Ugurlu, M. Buyukcavus","doi":"10.1055/s-0041-1732778","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1732778","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objective This article aimed to assess the effects of double application of universal adhesives on the shear bond strength of orthodontic brackets. Materials and Method Seventy-five extracted human premolars were used. The teeth were randomly assigned into five groups based on the adhesive procedure (n = 15). The universal adhesives Scotchbond Universal (3M Oral Care) and Prime&Bond Universal (Dentsply) were used (following manufacturer’s instructions and double application). Transbond XT Primer (3M Unitek) was employed as control. Following adhesive application, the brackets were bonded on the tooth surfaces. After storage in distilled water for 24 hours at 37°C, the specimens were subjugated to the shear bond strength test under a universal testing machine (Autograph AGS-X; Shimadzu). Data were analyzed with one-way analysis of variance and least significant difference tests (p = 0.05). The adhesive remnant index (ARI) was determined using a stereomicroscope (S4E; Leica Microsystems). Data of ARI scores were submitted to Pearson’s chi-square test. Results The highest shear bond strengths were acquired with Scotchbond Universal (p < 0.05). The double application of Scotchbond Universal did not impact the shear bond strength. The lowest shear bond strength was found in Prime&Bond Universal (p < 0.05). The double application of Prime&Bond Universal increased the shear bond strength (p < 0.05). There were no significant differences in ARI scores among the groups (p > 0.05). Conclusion The universal adhesives may be an alternative for the bonding of orthodontic brackets. The double application of universal adhesives might improve the shear bond strength of orthodontic brackets depending on the material.","PeriodicalId":37771,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of General Dentistry","volume":"10 1","pages":"019 - 024"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45285368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Presence of Gingival Recession or Noncarious Cervical Lesions on Teeth under Occlusal Trauma: A Systematic Review","authors":"Pedro Maria Bastião Peliz Senos Tróia, T. Spuldaro, Patrícia Alexandra Barroso da Fonseca, G. V. O. Fernandes","doi":"10.1055/s-0041-1732781","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1732781","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The goal of this research was to carry out a systematic review to verify the possible influence of occlusal factors on the occurrence of gingival recession and noncarious cervical lesions. To answer the specific research question—whether gingival recession or noncarious cervical lesions on teeth are present under occlusal trauma—a bibliographic search was conducted at MEDLINE/PubMed, Web of Science, and Gray Literature databases focusing on articles published, following strict inclusion criteria based on randomized clinical trials, controlled clinical studies, and case series, with restricted language (English) and publication date between March 2010 and March 2020, considering patients with occlusal trauma and gingival recession/noncarious cervical injuries. Questionnaires, animal or laboratory studies, case reports, and interviews were excluded. First, the title and/or abstract of the articles obtained were analyzed and, finally, a full-text reading was performed. Given the amount and diversity of the final studies, a qualitative analysis was made. Based on the established criteria, it was possible to obtain an initial 757 articles. After screening, five articles were included, and then qualitative analysis was performed. The results described in the articles were different, given the heterogeneity of the articles subjected to analysis. A few studies were published in the past 10 years, suggesting that the traumatic occlusion seems to be associated with the occurrence of the noncarious cervical lesion while it is not possible to arrive at a conclusion with regard to the association of gingival recession and occlusal trauma. Key Message Even though many professionals have categorically affirmed that there is a relation between trauma occlusal and gingival recession/noncarious cervical lesion, this systematic review found the absence of strong literature to really prove it. Once defined, it allows the therapeutic focus to centre on the causal or contributing factors and preventing or reducing future recurrence.","PeriodicalId":37771,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of General Dentistry","volume":"10 1","pages":"050 - 059"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47943161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Salivary Alpha-Amylase, Sialic Acid, and pH in Pregnant and Nonpregnant Subjects","authors":"M. Shirzaiy, Z. Dalirsani","doi":"10.1055/s-0041-1732771","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1732771","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objectives During pregnancy, systemic physiological alterations lead to some changes in the oral cavity, which could prepare the mouth environment for oral and dental problems. This study was aimed to investigate salivary α-amylase, sialic acid levels, and pH levels in pregnant and nonpregnant females. Materials and Methods In this analytical, case–control study, unstimulated saliva samples were collected with spiting method from 35 pregnant women (case group) and 35 nonpregnant women (control group) and transferred to the laboratory to assess salivary α-amylase, sialic acid, and pH levels. Data were analyzed by SPSS (version: 19) software through statistical methods of independent t-test and analysis of variance. Results The mean sialic acid levels were 2.285 ± 1.230 mg/dL in pregnant and 2.744 ± 1.326 in nonpregnant women without any significant difference (p = 0.138). The mean salivary α-amylase concentrations were 2.461 ± 1.869 U/L and 2.439 ± 2.058 U/L, respectively, in pregnant and nonpregnant women, with no significant difference (p = 0.963). The mean salivary pH in nonpregnant women was significantly more than that in pregnant women (7.845 ± 0.430 and 6.868 ± 0.413, respectively) (p < 0.001). Also, the mean salivary pH levels in pregnant women were 7.474 ± 0.420 in the first trimester, 6.868 ± 0.413 in the second trimester, and 6.568 ± 0.387 in the third trimester, which were significantly different (p < 0.001). Conclusion Salivary sialic acid and α-amylase levels among pregnant women were no different from those of other subjects. During pregnancy, the salivary pH significantly reduced, and the mean salivary pH during pregnancy had a decreasing trend from the first trimester to the third trimester.","PeriodicalId":37771,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of General Dentistry","volume":"10 1","pages":"025 - 029"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44603436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Bioactive Glass-Based Toothpaste on Color Properties and Surface Microhardness of Bleached Enamel","authors":"R. Garcia, W. Vieira-Junior, J. Theobaldo, F. Aguiar, Débora Alves Nunes Leite Lima","doi":"10.1055/s-0041-1732773","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1732773","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objective The role of toothpaste used during aesthetic treatments is rarely investigated. The objective was to evaluate the effects of a bioactive glass-based toothpaste (BGT) used before or after the dental bleaching with 35% hydrogen peroxide (HP). Materials and Methods Bovine enamel blocks (4 × 4 mm; n = 12) were submitted to tooth bleaching and different treatments/storage, before or after HP, based on: (1) no toothpaste and immersion in artificial saliva (AS) after HP for 24 hours, 7 days, or 14 days (control); (2) daily BGT use and AS storage for 7 or 14 days (after HP); and (3) daily BGT use and AS storage for 7 or 14 days (prior to HP). Surface and in-depth color were determined using the CIE L*a*b* system (ΔL*, Δa*, Δb*, and ΔE) on enamel surface and underlying dentin. The surface microhardness (SMH) was evaluated using a Knoop microhardness tester. Statistical Analysis Data were submitted to analysis of variance (ANOVA) (color variables), repeated measures ANOVA (SMH), and Tukey’s test (α = 0.05). Results The color changes on the enamel or underlying dentin were not statistically different among the groups (p > 0.05). Twenty-four hours after HP presented a decrease in SMH differing from baseline (p < 0.01). This decrease did not occur in the groups previously exposed to BGT (p > 0.05). BGT use after HP for 7 days differed from group with exclusive AS storage (p < 0.05). Conclusion In-office tooth bleaching can decrease the microhardness of enamel surface; however, the use of BGT promotes the protection or enables the mineral recovery of tooth without the influence the bleaching efficacy.","PeriodicalId":37771,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of General Dentistry","volume":"10 1","pages":"001 - 006"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45986105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fracture Resistance of Teeth with Truss Endodontic Access: An In Vitro Study and Literature Review","authors":"M. Karobari, A. Abdul Aziz, Saleem D Makandar, N. A. Abdul Ghani, M. Halim, T. Noorani","doi":"10.1055/s-0041-1732780","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1732780","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objective This article evaluates the fracture resistance of teeth with different endodontic access cavities and conducts literature review on the effects of truss endodontic cavity. Material and Methods Eighty human mandibular first molars were assigned randomly to four groups (n = 20); group 1: truss access cavity (TrussAC); group 2: conservative access cavity (ConsAC); group 3: traditional access cavity (TradAC); and group 4: served as control (no access). Accesses were prepared in groups 1 to 3, respectively. Endodontic treatment was performed on all accessed teeth and composite restoration placed. Teeth in all groups were loaded until fracture using a mechanical testing machine. The maximum load at fracture and patterns of fracture were recorded. Additionally, a literature search was performed on studies related to TrussAC and its importance. Statistical Analysis Fracture strengths were compared using one-way analysis of variance complemented by Bonferroni test. Fracture patterns were analyzed using chi-square test. Results TradAC showed significantly lower mean load at fracture than TrussAC, ConsAC, and intact teeth. Fracture resistance of teeth with TrussAC and ConsAC was not significantly different. All three test groups showed significantly more frequent unrestorable fractures. The literature review revealed that TrussAC did not improve the fracture strength significantly; however, pulp chamber debridement was significantly impaired. Conclusion TrussAC improved the fracture strength of endodontically treated teeth, but not significantly as compared to ConsAC. Restorable fractures were more in intact teeth compared with all prepared ones.","PeriodicalId":37771,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of General Dentistry","volume":"10 1","pages":"044 - 049"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48464939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Different Adhesion Protocols on the Shear Bond Strength of Universal Adhesive Systems to Sound and Artificial Caries-Affected Dentin","authors":"Omnia M. Sami, E. Naguib, R. Afifi, Shaymaa M. Nagi","doi":"10.1055/s-0041-1732776","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1732776","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objective Bonding to different dentin substrates influences resin composite restoration outcomes. This study investigated the influence of different adhesion protocols on the shear bond strength of universal adhesive systems to sound and artificial caries-affected dentin (CAD). Materials and Methods Occlusal enamel of 80 premolars were wet grinded to obtain flat midcoronal dentin. Specimens were equally divided according to the substrate condition: sound and CAD by subjecting to pH-cycling for 14 days. Each dentin substrate was bonded with the adhesive systems used in this study: Single Bond universal adhesive or Prime&Bond universal (applied either in etch-and-rinse or self-etch adhesion protocol). Adhesive systems were utilized according to manufacturers’ instructions, then resin composite was built up. Specimens were tested for shear bond strength. The data were analyzed by three-way analysis of variance, and failure modes were determined using stereomicroscope. Results There was no statistically significant difference between the two tested adhesive systems on artificially created CAD with different adhesion protocols. On sound dentin, Single Bond universal, either in the etch-and-rinse or self-etch adhesion protocols, revealed higher statistically significant shear bond strength mean values compared with CAD. Conclusion Single Bond universal adhesive in an etch-and-rinse adhesion protocol improved only bonding to sound dentin, while no added positive effect for the etching step with Prime&Bond universal adhesive was found when bonded to both sound and CAD substrates. The influence of CAD on the performance of the universal adhesives was material-dependent.","PeriodicalId":37771,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of General Dentistry","volume":"10 1","pages":"030 - 036"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42044808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Incorporation of Cellulose Kenaf Fibers in Composite Resin on Mechanical Properties and Surface Topography Analysis Using Scanning Electron Microscopy","authors":"N. Ibrahim, Rabihah Alawi, Yanti Johari, N. A. Muttlib, M. Yusoff","doi":"10.1055/s-0041-1732918","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1732918","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objective This study aimed to evaluate the flexural and compressive strength of kenaf-reinforced composite resin as well as analyze the length and diameter of kenaf fibers and their surface topography. Materials and Methods Kenaf fibers were alkaline treated and wetted with coupling agent. Kenaf-reinforced composite resin was fabricated manually. Specimens for kenaf-reinforced composite resin (Tetric N Flow [Ivoclar Vivadent, Liechtenstein] + 2% kenaf) and control group (Tetric N Flow [Ivoclar Vivadent, Liechtenstein]) were prepared using stainless steel molds with dimension of 25 mm × 2 mm × 2 mm and 6 mm × 4 mm for flexural and compressive strength tests, respectively, and tested using Instron Universal Testing Machine (Shimadzu, Japan). Raw kenaf fibers, treated kenaf fibers, and fractured sample from flexural strength test were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) (FEI Quanta FEG 450, United States). Data were analyzed using independent sample t-test. Significant level was set at p < 0.05. Results Kenaf-reinforced composite resin has a lower flexural and compressive strength than the control group (p < 0.05). SEM analysis revealed the average fibers’ length to be 1.24 mm and diameter ranging from 6.56 to 12.9 μm. The fibers dispersed in composite as single strand or a bundle with a minimal gap between fibers and composite. Conclusion Flexural and compressive strengths of kenaf-reinforced composite resin were lower than the control group, despite some adaptation between kenaf fibers and composite noted. The fibers’ length and diameter were reasonable for the dispersion in the resin matrix; however, additional treatments of kenaf are required for a favorable result.","PeriodicalId":37771,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of General Dentistry","volume":"10 1","pages":"007 - 013"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42993261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Management of an Accidental Ingestion of a Manual Screwdriver in Implant Dentistry: A Case Report","authors":"D. Musu, A. Mameli, P. Carreras, Gianna Boero","doi":"10.1055/s-0041-1732774","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1732774","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Ingestion of foreign bodies in dentistry represents an uncommon but possible event and can be life-threatening. An 82-year-old patient presented at our attention for an implant-supported rehabilitation of the maxillary arch. During the placement of the fixed prosthesis, the manual screwdriver was swallowed by the patient. From the moment of the accident, the patient did not develop any symptoms and was monitored for the following days. The instrument was not recovered within 3 days, thus a series of consecutive abdominal X-rays were performed revealing that the screwdriver was located at the level of ileocecal valve with no signs of progression. The screwdriver was removed with colonoscopy under sedation. During this treatment, a polyp was discovered and excised revealing a tubulovillous adenoma depicting low-grade dysplasia. To prevent such accidents, screwdrivers in implant dentistry should be secured with ligatures, or replaced with longer torque control wrenches.","PeriodicalId":37771,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of General Dentistry","volume":"10 1","pages":"060 - 063"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45800857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Daytime Sleepiness and Academic Performance in Dentistry Students","authors":"R. Pierri, M. R. Oliveira, G. Trento, R. Spin‐Neto, M. Rodrigues, V. Pereira-Filho","doi":"10.1055/s-0041-1732772","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1732772","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objective This study aimed to evaluate the daytime sleepiness and sleep quality of students in different academic years of the dental school program. Materials and Methods A total of 221 students, from the 1st to the 5th year, answered the questionnaires: Epworth, Pittsburg, Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation, and Berlin, related to daytime sleepiness, sleep quality, nasal obstruction, and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS), respectively. Statistical Analysis The Kolmogorov–Smirnov test was used to assess the normality of continuous quantitative data and, posteriorly, the chi-square test was used to show if there were any associations. The significance level adopted was 5%. Results An association between daytime sleepiness and nasal obstruction was observed at the beginning of the school year (T1) (p = 0.002) and at the end of the school year (T2) (p = 0.043). In T2, an association between nasal obstruction and sleep quality was also observed (p = 0.026). The academic performance (AP) was only associated with the OSAS in T1 (p = 0.012). There was no significant difference in AP between the beginning and the end of the academic year (p = 0.935). Conclusion With the methodology used, it was observed that nasal obstruction influenced sleep quality and daytime sleepiness, and daytime sleepiness did not have any influence on AP.","PeriodicalId":37771,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of General Dentistry","volume":"10 1","pages":"037 - 043"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42891533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}