International Perspectives in Psychology: Research, Practice, Consultation最新文献

{"title":"Informing Healthcare Team Performance: Integrating Data to Improve Quality and Safety","authors":"M. Ward, E. McAuliffe, J. Fitzsimons, Róisín O’Donovan","doi":"10.1037/ipp0000101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/ipp0000101","url":null,"abstract":"A worldwide rising demand for health care means increasing resource investment in health systems, with the concomitant requirement for greater accountability. Greater accountability requires the generation of more and more data and information. Health care is frequently described as fragmented or siloed, and this is reflected in how data is captured, managed, and shared throughout the system. Data relating to business performance, quality, and patient safety is extracted from different systems, and its primary use is to inform senior decision makers about organizational-level performance. Meanwhile, health care teams at a local level when asked if they are performing well in relation to quality and safety are often unable to answer this question. This policy brief summarizes the results of a study undertaken as part of the Collective Leadership for Safety Culture research program to codesign a suite of quality and safety performance indicators to assist acute hospital health care teams to monitor and improve their quality and safety performance. Recommendations are presented for senior decision makers in the acute hospital setting to inform policy on the gathering and management of Quality and Safety data.","PeriodicalId":37636,"journal":{"name":"International Perspectives in Psychology: Research, Practice, Consultation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81943440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sex Differences in Risk for Substance Use Among High School Students in Myanmar","authors":"N. Wan, W. Kliewer, D. Sosnowski","doi":"10.1037/ipp0000093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/ipp0000093","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigated sex differences in risk factors for alcohol and illicit drug use among high school students in Myanmar as part of a comprehensive substance abuse prevention approach. Participants (N = 1,918; Mage = 15.35 years, SD = 1.07 years, range = 14–18 years; 44.3% male) were recruited from 10 high schools in Myitkyina Township, Kachin State, Myanmar. Study constructs were assessed with a version of the Communities That Care survey adapted for use in Myanmar. Structural equation modeling was used to determine the strongest risk factors for recreational and hard drug use. Multiple group analyses indicated that patterns of risk differed by sex. Poor family management practices and peer drug use were risk factors for all youth and all recreational drugs; depressed affect was an additional risk factor for glue/solvent use and misuse of over-the-counter medication. Additional risk factors were specific to sex and to particular substances. The model predicting hard drug use had no common risk factors across sex. Low perceived dangerousness of drugs elevated risk for female adolescents. Parental attitudes favoring drug use, peer drug use and peer antisocial behavior, and low school commitment elevated risk of hard drug use for male adolescents. These data suggest that as Myanmar develops substance abuse prevention strategies for youth, one of the subpriorities in the United Nations’ sustainable development goals, approaches that are tailored specifically to male and female adolescents in addition to universal approaches may be dual effective strategies in curbing drug use.","PeriodicalId":37636,"journal":{"name":"International Perspectives in Psychology: Research, Practice, Consultation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87453832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Relation of Perspective-Taking to Gratitude and Envy Among Guatemalan Adolescents","authors":"Katelyn E. Poelker, J. Gibbons, Colleen A. Maxwell","doi":"10.1037/ipp0000103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/ipp0000103","url":null,"abstract":"The social emotions gratitude and envy are central to the lives of Guatemalan youth and to their society more broadly. Perspective-taking, the social–cognitive process that allows one to assume another’s point of view, may affect both the experience and expression of gratitude and envy. In this convergent mixed-methods study, perspective-taking was studied in relation to gratitude and envy. Sixty-four Guatemalan adolescents, ages 12–17 (Mage = 13.52 years, SD = 3.66, 53.1% girls), completed scales measuring gratitude, envy, and perspective-taking. For the qualitative portion, they read one gratitude and one envy vignette and completed a series of open-ended questions about the story characters. Two multiple regression analyses revealed that better perspective-takers were more grateful and less envious. Thematic analysis of the open-ended responses uncovered seven levels of perspective-taking. Complex perspective-taking was revealed when adolescents inferred the perspective of both story characters, created positive social outcomes even in situations of envy, and inferred consequences of the interactions. These findings imply that promoting perspective-taking may be one way to decrease envy and promote gratitude in this majority world cultural context. The findings from this study may inform the creation of culturally sensitive social-emotional learning programs that promote well-being through positive interpersonal relationships.","PeriodicalId":37636,"journal":{"name":"International Perspectives in Psychology: Research, Practice, Consultation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80471165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protecting U.S.-Citizen Children Whose Central American Parents Have Temporary Protected Status","authors":"Lisseth Rojas-Flores, J. Hwang Koo, J. Vaughn","doi":"10.1037/IPP0000100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/IPP0000100","url":null,"abstract":"Temporary Protected Status (TPS) was recently terminated for Central American residents in the United States. The TPS recipients who have not already obtained an alternative form of legal immigration authorization will soon be subject to detention and deportation. As a result, it is estimated that thousands of children, many of whom are U.S. citizens—246,200 from El Salvador and Honduras alone—will be at risk for experiencing short- and long-term psychological and health consequences owing to the impending detention and/or deportation of their parents. The United States and the global community must protect these children. Neglecting to promote protection for the offspring of TPS recipients contradicts the premises of the U.S. Constitution, the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC; United Nations General Assembly, 1989 ), and the United Nations’ recent Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs; United Nations General Assembly, 2015 ). Our nation’s laws and immigration policies must interrupt cycles of trauma and establish sustainable healthy trajectories across the life span for the well-being of all children. In light of the extensive evidence on harmful effects of parent–child separation and intergenerational trauma, this policy brief recommends reaffirming commitment to maintenance of the family unit, providing a path to authorized immigration status for TPS parents, and using a “trauma and developmentally informed lens” when creating policies that involve children.","PeriodicalId":37636,"journal":{"name":"International Perspectives in Psychology: Research, Practice, Consultation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74314306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Importance of International Collaborative Research for Advancing Understanding of Child and Youth Development","authors":"J. Lansford, M. Gauvain, S. Koller, C. Daiute, M. Hyson, Frosso Motti-Stefanidi, Olivia A. Smith, S. Verma, Nan Zhou","doi":"10.1037/ipp0000102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/ipp0000102","url":null,"abstract":"International collaborative research has the potential to advance developmental psychology in important ways. When basic science is conducted only in high-income, Western countries, the experiences of children and youth in these countries end up defining what is known about development. Young people adapt to the circumstances in which they live, so to understand development fully, research must be conducted in the range of cultural contexts in which development occurs. International collaborations, collecting data in a wide range of countries, and incorporating diverse cultural perspectives are central to this effort. This article outlines seven recommendations for researchers conducting collaborative international research on child and youth development. The recommendations address conceptual and methodological issues (avoiding a deficit perspective, rethinking ideas about standard or so-called “normative” development patterns, considering relations between age and development, and attending to comparability of samples and measures) and issues related to researchers themselves (collaborating with scholars and community members from other cultures, being strategic with potential collaborators and research participants, and communicating in person).","PeriodicalId":37636,"journal":{"name":"International Perspectives in Psychology: Research, Practice, Consultation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87320935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sex Differences in Alcohol-Related Problems Among a Sample of HIV-Positive Nigerians","authors":"Olajumoke M. Koyejo, W. Kliewer, C. Gbiri, D. Svikis","doi":"10.1037/ipp0000096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/ipp0000096","url":null,"abstract":"Although alcohol use is common among persons living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA), and heavy drinking is more common worldwide in males than females, studies of sex differences in risk for development of symptoms of alcohol dependence have yielded mixed results. In Nigeria, there is a paucity of data on sex differences in alcohol-related problems among PLWHA. This has hindered our ability to tailor treatment to best meet the needs of PLWHA. To address this gap, the present study examined alcohol use patterns and Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-IV (DSM-IV)-related symptoms in a sample of 331 HIV and AIDS patients (64.4% female; Mage = 38.1 years, SD = 9.1 years) recruited from Lagos State University Teaching Hospital Ikeja. The World Health Organization Composite International Diagnostic Interview (WHO-CIDI), Version 7.0, was administered to assess alcohol use and DSM-IV-related symptoms. Based on responses to the interview, patients were classified as having or not having complication(s) or symptom(s). Logistic regressions adjusting for age and marital status revealed that women were at lower risk than men for alcohol-related problems. Symptoms of craving and tolerance did not differ across sex. Study findings support the need for policy to be geared toward sex-specific prevention and harm-reduction approaches among HIV-positive individuals.","PeriodicalId":37636,"journal":{"name":"International Perspectives in Psychology: Research, Practice, Consultation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81142103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beliefs About the Treatment of Mental Illness Among the Namibian Aawambo: An Exploratory Study","authors":"Theodore T. Bartholomew","doi":"10.1037/ipp0000095","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/ipp0000095","url":null,"abstract":"The ways mental illnesses are treated has the propensity to vary across cultures. Although psychotherapy and the alliance between clients and therapists is efficacious for treating mental illness in some contexts, cultures have developed equally as valid mechanisms for treating such conditions elsewhere. The purpose of this study was to explore beliefs about treatment for mental illness among a small Namibian Aawambo sample. Participants (N = 14) were interviewed using a semistructured interview protocol. Grounded theory ethnographic analyses led to the identification of four categories: (a) witch doctors, frauds, and odudu (traditional healer); (b) counseling, medicine, and religion as means of healing; (c) seeking care—decisions based on beliefs and needs; and (d) the role of families for omunanamwengu (“mad one”). The idea of faith—or more aptly with the data, belief in a given treatment—emerged in the findings as key to understanding the type of intervention one may seek in the event of mental illness. Results highlight participants’ perceived importance of belief in treatment, traditional practices, families, and concurrent use of traditional and Western services to heal mental illness. These are discussed with respect to potential for integration of treatment modalities while recognizing that further research can expand understandings of treatment beliefs across Namibian cultures.","PeriodicalId":37636,"journal":{"name":"International Perspectives in Psychology: Research, Practice, Consultation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82098557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"International Psychology: Ensuring Healthy Lives and Promoting Wellbeing for All (“SDG3”)","authors":"S. Carr, Ines Meyer","doi":"10.1037/IPP0000099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/IPP0000099","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37636,"journal":{"name":"International Perspectives in Psychology: Research, Practice, Consultation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76743737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mental Health Literacy: A Review of What It Is and Why It Matters","authors":"A. Furnham, V. Swami","doi":"10.1037/ipp0000094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/ipp0000094","url":null,"abstract":"An increasing number of scholarly works have attempted to understand the reasons for poor rates of help-seeking for symptoms of mental health disorders all around the world. One particular body of work has focused on “mental health literacy” (MHL), defined as knowledge about mental health disorders that is associated with their recognition, management, and prevention. In this article, we report a nonsystematic review of studies on MHL, to give nonexpert academics, policymakers, and practitioners an understanding of the field. We find that studies consistently show that the general public have relatively poor recognition of the symptoms of mental health disorders and appear to emphasize self-help over traditional medical treatments. In addition, we find that there are age, gender, educational, urban−rural, and cross-cultural differences in MHL, which may differentially affect rates of help-seeking in different contexts. Implications and future directions for research are considered in conclusion.","PeriodicalId":37636,"journal":{"name":"International Perspectives in Psychology: Research, Practice, Consultation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86279723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Community-Based Mental Health Intervention Skills: Task Shifting in Low- and Middle-Income Settings","authors":"Lauren Deimling Johns, J. Power, M. Maclachlan","doi":"10.1037/ipp0000097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/ipp0000097","url":null,"abstract":"There is a global need to provide human resources for health in low- and middle-income countries. To increase access to care, task shifting has been implemented in community-based rehabilitation (CBR) programs where skills and responsibilities are transferred to local people with shorter and more focused training. Through realist review and synthesis, this research aimed to consolidate the literature when considering (a) what skills CBR workers are reportedly using and/or being trained in relating to mental health, (b) how different settings affect how these task shifting programs work, and (c) the evidence of effectiveness when community health workers come from within the community itself. A total of 11 databases (PubMed, ABI/Inform Global, CINAHL, Cochrane, Emerald, Google Scholar, PsycINFO, SAGE, Science Direct, Scopus, and Web of Science) were systematically searched for specific terms relating to mental health, CBR, and low- and middle-income country. A total of 27 publications were identified as fitting the criteria (4 qualitative, 20 quantitative including 10 randomized controlled trials, and 3 noninvestigatory editorials). Core skills have been identified along with themes that affect how programs work in particular contexts. The use of task shifting in this area may be a potentially viable option for increasing access to mental health care. This resulted in the development of a theory to explain the outcomes being observed. When Task-shifting mental health intervention skills collaboration, harnessing resources available within the community, and the provision of ongoing supervision interact to influence awareness gains, social bonding, the building of trust, and the development of skills and understanding within the community itself. This effects intervention buy-in, overall effectiveness and sustainability, mental health symptoms and local empowerment. These findings can be considered when developing training programs for CBR mental health workers, as well as policy and intervention program design.","PeriodicalId":37636,"journal":{"name":"International Perspectives in Psychology: Research, Practice, Consultation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84134796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}