MEDICAL AND CLINICAL RESEARCH: OPEN ACCESS最新文献

{"title":"The Impact of Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte Antigen-4 Genetic Polymorphisms on the Effectiveness of Ipilimumab and Patients’ Outcome in Melanoma","authors":"M. Omer, Peter S Kanjo, Abuzar Elkhazeen, Amin S Osman","doi":"10.52106/2766-3213.1043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52106/2766-3213.1043","url":null,"abstract":"Precision medicine is shaping the way medicine is being practiced, pharmacogenomics is the centerpiece of precision medicine. As in several fields, researchers are investigating the role of pharmacogenomic tests in the treatment of melanoma. One of these efforts is the ongoing preclinical and clinical trials investigating the impact of the genetic polymorphism of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 on drugs used in melanoma treatment. This paper reviews ipilimumab as a promising treatment for melanoma and how pharmacogenomic tests can substantially impact utilizing this drug in the treatment plan, whether as a solo treatment or in conjugation with other therapies. In this review, various databases and electronic libraries were utilized to search for and review different journal articles and papers about pharmacogenomic tests for ipilimumab. Although some results showed a minimal effect, most of the results revealed that pharmacogenomic tests for ipilimumab could play a crucial role in patients’ outcomes. Further clinical trials are, however, needed on a larger scale to adopt this therapy in practice.","PeriodicalId":375458,"journal":{"name":"MEDICAL AND CLINICAL RESEARCH: OPEN ACCESS","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134348258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Qualitative Study of Medical Oncologists’ Knowledge and Views of Biosimilars in the United States","authors":"K. Kaiser, K. Hauner, S. Shaunfield, George J. Greene, Madison J. Lyleroehr, J. Peipert, S. Kircher, D. Cella, M. Golf, D. Mroczek","doi":"10.52106/2766-3213.1044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52106/2766-3213.1044","url":null,"abstract":"Background: As the cost of cancer care continues to rise, biosimilars provide an important cost-saving treatment option. Thus, understanding barriers to biosimilar uptake, including perceptions of biosimilars among oncologists, is critical. We interviewed medical oncologists to examine their knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions of biosimilars. Methods: A snowball method was used to identify and recruit oncologists in 2019-2020. Following informed consent, a trained study interviewer conducted the semi-structured telephone interview covering the following topics: 1) knowledge of biosimilars; 2) views of the efficacy of biosimilars; and 3) perceptions of the future of biosimilars in oncology, including barriers to their use. Results: Interviews were conducted with oncologists (n=8) from four academic cancer centers. Median years of experience treating cancer patients was 7.5 (range = 4.5 to 10 years) and median number of cancer patients treated with biosimilars each month was 1 (range = 0 to 60 patients). Knowledge of biosimilars varied, although oncologists tended to lack knowledge of how biosimilar efficacy is established and expressed concerns about the lack of long-term data to support efficacy. Although these oncologists believed that biosimilars will become widely used, they noted that the lack of both long-term efficacy data and biosimilar knowledge are barriers to adoption. Conclusions: This study provides evidence for the need for biosimilar education for oncologists, particularly around biosimilar efficacy. Oncologists were cautiously optimistic that biosimilar use would lead to a reduction in healthcare costs. These findings will inform a national survey of oncologists’ knowledge and views of biosimilars.","PeriodicalId":375458,"journal":{"name":"MEDICAL AND CLINICAL RESEARCH: OPEN ACCESS","volume":"215 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126986438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Some Pancreatic Enzymes in Apparently Healthy Individual in a Selected Population","authors":"G. Simeon, Prekumo Timipa","doi":"10.52106/2766-3213.1042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52106/2766-3213.1042","url":null,"abstract":"The study evaluated the levels of Amylase; Lipase and Elastase-1 enzymes in apparently healthy individuals in a community setting. Variations in levels of these enzymes are known causes of some life threatening disorders. Amylase and Lipase were quantitated spectrophometrically while elastase-1 was evaluated using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Level of Amylase and Lipase were observed to be higher in children, reduces moderately at young adult and sustained to mature adult. Elaste-1 value however, show inconsistent pattern, as it was not detected in some children while adults show variable trend. Inclusion of these enzymes in our batteries of tests will enhance and strengthen diagnosis in pancreatic and related disorders.","PeriodicalId":375458,"journal":{"name":"MEDICAL AND CLINICAL RESEARCH: OPEN ACCESS","volume":"76 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127806918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Observational Study on The Efficacy and Effects in The Quality of Life of Cluster Immunotherapy Schedule in Patients with Asthma Sensitized to House Dust Mites","authors":"David El Qutob, A. L. Camacho, J. Martín-Lázaro, R. González Pérez, N. Cancelliere, B. López","doi":"10.52106/2766-3213.1041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52106/2766-3213.1041","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The conventional schedule administration of subcutaneous allergen immunotherapy (SCIT) for Acaroid®, requires eight weeks to get the maintenance dose. To reduce the duration of the build-up phase, the cluster schedules have been introduced. The objective was to analyze the one-year efficacy of Acaroid® in a cluster schedule, as well as the effect on the patient’s quality of life. Methods: A real-world observational study was designed, with one-year follow-up. Patients 5-65 years-old with allergic bronchial asthma, sensitized to house dust mites and treated with Acaroid®, in cluster schedule 2/2/2 were included. The main efficacy endpoint was the Asthma Control Test (ACT) score at month 12 compared to baseline. The patient’s quality of life was measured with the Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire (AQLQ) and ESPRINT-15 questionnaire. Results: A total of 81 patients, 55.6% female, were included with a mean age of 29.7 years old. The ACT score from baseline-12 months significantly improved (p=0.003) 1.4 points (95%CI 0.4-2.4). The proportion of patients with a good asthma control increased significantly from baseline-6-12 months (p<0.05). AQLQ (p=0.014) and ESPRINT-15 quality of life domains significantly improved at 12 months. Conclusions: The cluster schedule 2/2/2 of SCIT with Acaroid® was effective and allowed shortening the build-up phase to three weeks, instead of the conventional schedule of eight weeks. This resulted in the benefit of the patient in terms of comfort and could reduce the costs related to SCIT administration while maintaining patient efficacy and safety of the conventional schedules.","PeriodicalId":375458,"journal":{"name":"MEDICAL AND CLINICAL RESEARCH: OPEN ACCESS","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134367339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectivness of Covalescent Plasma Therapy (CPT) for Combating COVID-19 Diseases: A Rapid of Case Series","authors":"A. Bhattarai, I. Regmee, Shreedhar Chapagain, R. Gyawali, R. Khadka","doi":"10.52106/2766-3213.1038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52106/2766-3213.1038","url":null,"abstract":"To study the effectivness of Covalescent Plasma therapy (CPT) for combating COVID-19 diseases we have carried out a rapid of case series studies. Various academic publication related to convalescent plasma therapy for covid 19 are studied, number of participants their result after convalscent plasma therapy and amount of antibodies level has been studied. How transfusion of convalescent plasma therapy helps to cure Covid 19 patients studies is various series as A,B,C,D ,E and F. Most of the studies show convalsecnt plasma therapy could be one of the approach to treat COVID-19 patients, until the vaccine and other better interventation come into action.","PeriodicalId":375458,"journal":{"name":"MEDICAL AND CLINICAL RESEARCH: OPEN ACCESS","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128808175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diabetic Fetopathy","authors":"Calvo Cpd, Iveth Katerine Avila Lazaro Ika, Hernandez Apm, Sequea Mcs, Bello Sfg, Ocohoa Mpp, Garcia Cam, Cala Yjm, Gualdron Jpg, Ortega Mf, Arteaga Sab, Mendoza Apb","doi":"10.52106/2766-3213.1037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52106/2766-3213.1037","url":null,"abstract":"The global incidence of diabetes mellitus, including gestational diabetes, has been increasing in recent years. Diabetes during pregnancy can have serious consequences on the fetus. Fetal complications can occur, with congenital malformations, macrosomia, and fetal death being the most frequent; complications during delivery such as prematurity, perinatal asphyxia and obstetric trauma; and neonatal complications, the most frequent being metabolic ones, in which hypoglycemia and hypocalcemia stand out. Current evidence has shown that glycemic control until the end of pregnancy is of the utmost importance in order to significantly reduce the appearance of these complications and achieve good fetal development.","PeriodicalId":375458,"journal":{"name":"MEDICAL AND CLINICAL RESEARCH: OPEN ACCESS","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125207560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ramadan and Hypothyroidism: Impact of Ramadan Fasting on Thyroid Status","authors":"D. M., Motaib I, E. S, Laidi S, Chadli A","doi":"10.52106/2766-3213.1039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52106/2766-3213.1039","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Fasting Ramadan is the third pillar of Islam. Patients with primary hypothyroidism need levothyroxine replacement when fasting. The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of fasting on thyroid hormone balance in patients with hypothyroidism under levothyroxine. Methods: This was a prospective study carried out during Ramadan of the Hegira years 1439 and 1440. We included all the patients with hypothyroidism who fast and take levothyroxine, with a normal rate of ultra-sensitive thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH us) before Ramadan. The study was conducted in two phases: a first phase before Ramadan when we evaluated the thyroid status by measuring TSH us and a second phase after Ramadan when we evaluated the thyroid status, the therapeutic compliance, the respect of the interval during the month of Ramadan. Treatment compliance was assessed using Morisky’s questionnaire. Results: We collected 65 patients. Treatment adherence was good in 82.1% of cases, moderate in 12.5% of cases, and poor in 5.4% of patients After Ramadan, 80% of patients remained in euthyroidism while 9% of patients were in hyperthyroidism and 10% patients in hypothyroidism. Conclusion: Our study highlighted the importance of treatment adherence and respect of interval between the meal and levothyroxine intake to maintain euthyroidism.","PeriodicalId":375458,"journal":{"name":"MEDICAL AND CLINICAL RESEARCH: OPEN ACCESS","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131023428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Human Cytomegalovirus Infection Associated with Low Insulin Secretion in a Type 1 Diabetic Population in Pointe Noire","authors":"Aladin ATANDI BATCHY, Luc Magloire Anicet Boumba, C. Elenga-Bongo, Ghislain LOUBANO VOUMBI, Freddy Saturnin Pouki, Fredy Kibouilou, Ange Malonga, D. Moukassa, M. Diatewa","doi":"10.52106/2766-3213.1040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52106/2766-3213.1040","url":null,"abstract":"Viral infections are one of the triggers and aggravators factors type 1 diabetes (T1D) development. Among these infections, human cytomegalovirus infection affects 60-90% of the world’s population. The aim of this study was to describe the metabolic consequences of Cytomegalovirus infection in T1D subjects. We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study over 6 months between June and November 2021. A total of 72 T1D subjects were enrolled. The following laboratory tests were performed: fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, C peptide, lipid profile and CMV serology. The mean age of the patients was 19. 8±4.3 years with a sex ratio (M/F) of 1.4. CMV serology was positive in 75% of T1D patients. We noticed a disturbance of the biochemical markers in T1D+CMV+ patients. The homeostasis model of β-cell function (HOMA β) evaluation was significantly lower in T1D+CMV+ patients compared to T1D+CMV- patients. Blood glucose (8.69±5.30 vs 7.08±6.71 P=0.009), HbA1C (10.42±2.85 vs 8.77±2.90 P=0.009), TC (2.04±0.37 vs 1.97±0.28 P=0.0039), HDL-C (0.26±0.11 vs 0.19±0.007 P=0.0091), LDL-C (1.25±0.55 vs 1.20±0.50 P= 0.0039), were higher in T1D+CMV+ vs T1D+CMV-. However, creatinine (8.20±1.80 vs 9.13±1.07 P=0.0039), C peptide (0.15±0.003 vs 0.13±0.002 P=0.009) were higher in T1D+CMV- than in T1D+CMV+. The present study showed that CMV infection was associated with disturbed metabolic characteristics in T1D and deep insulin deficiency.","PeriodicalId":375458,"journal":{"name":"MEDICAL AND CLINICAL RESEARCH: OPEN ACCESS","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129859718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Establishment and Application of The Service Process for Discharge of Patients Undergoing Total Knee Arthroplasty","authors":"Liangxiao Bao, Liang Zhao, Jianlong Li","doi":"10.52106/2766-3213.1034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52106/2766-3213.1034","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To explore the establishment and clinical application of the service process of preparation for discharge of patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Methods: One hundred patients who would receive TKA from July 2019 to June 2020 were randomly divided into two groups, the control group, and the intervention group. The control group were given routine care and guidance of discharging. The intervention group would be receiving discharge planning service processes after being admitted to hospital, before surgery, after surgery, before discharge, and after discharge. The knee joint function score, daily living ability index, mental health level and patient’s satisfaction were compared between the two groups of patients. Results: The knee joint function score, daily living ability index, mental health level and patient’s satisfaction in the intervention group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05, P<0.01). Conclusion: The establishment and application of discharge preparation service process is beneficial to improve knee joint function, self-care ability in daily life and caregiving ability by caregivers.","PeriodicalId":375458,"journal":{"name":"MEDICAL AND CLINICAL RESEARCH: OPEN ACCESS","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114497144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Thyroid Scintigraphy in Infants with Congenital Hypothyroidism: Our Experience at Royal Hospital, Oman","authors":"Asya S Al-Busaidi, Naima K Al-Bulushi, K. Al-Nabhani","doi":"10.52106/2766-3213.1032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52106/2766-3213.1032","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: The early diagnosis and treatment of congenital hypothyroidism is critical, to avoid detrimental outcomes such as mental retardation. Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) level is the usual diagnostic screening test; however, thyroid scintigraphy helps identify etiologies of the disease there by determining different management plans. The aim of this descriptive retrospective study is to evaluate thyroid scintigraphy findings in newborns and children with biochemical evidence of congenital hypothyroid and to assess the impact of thyroid scintigraphy findings on the long-term management of those patients. Methods: Retrospective review of 101 infants with congenital hypothyroidism (CH) who were initially diagnosed biochemically, and then underwent thyroid scintigraphy, between 2010 and 2015 at a tertiary hospital in Oman. Patients’ data was collected from the hospitals’ database and then analyzed using statistical package for social sciences (SPSS). Results: 8.9 % (9/101) patients had the thyroid scintigraphy up to 7 days of life, whereas 91.1% (92/101), were performed after the age of 3 years. The performed scintigraphy revealed five different findings which included dyshormonogenesis, ectopia, agenesis, reduced and normal % of Tc-99m pertechnetate uptake in the thyroid gland. The most common cause of congenital hypothyroidism in this cohort was ectopic sublingual thyroid, 32.6% (33/101), and the ratio of female to male was 1.29:1, in keeping with international figures. However, in this cohort the Dyshormonogenesis was the cause of congenital hypothyroid in 29.7% (30/101) patients, which is higher than that known internationally and can be probably attributed to the high rate of consanguineous marriage in the country. 39.6% (40/101) patients required alteration in management (increase or decrease thyroid hormone dosage, start, or discontinue the treatment) based of thyroid scintigraphy, US and serial TFT. There was a statistical significance (p-value= 0.000) between scan findings and the need to change the treatment plan following the scan. Conclusion: Thyroid scintigraphy is an essential part of screening program for congenital hypothyroidism and useful in differentiating the causes of congenital hypothyroidism thus essential for proper management plans. We, therefore, highly advise to increase the awareness of early utilization of thyroid scintigraphy in congenital hypothyroidism screening.","PeriodicalId":375458,"journal":{"name":"MEDICAL AND CLINICAL RESEARCH: OPEN ACCESS","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120924233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}