Children's Geographies最新文献

{"title":"Special issue: modernity, schooling, and childhood in India: trajectories of exclusion","authors":"R. Maithreyi, D. Kannan","doi":"10.1080/14733285.2022.2082861","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14733285.2022.2082861","url":null,"abstract":"In the last two decades, a large body of critical work has sought to de-naturalise childhoods and decentre the normative and universalistic models of childhood produced in the Global North (see Kay, Tisdall, and Punch 2012). In a bid to highlight the complex entanglements between local childhoods and wider global processes, scholars have examined the role of postcolonial state formation, modernisation, globalisation, developmentalism, neoliberalism and technologisation (e.g. Abebe 2007; Aitken, Lund, and Kjørholt 2007; Balagopalan 2014; Benei 2008; Froerer 2017; Holloway and Valentine 2000a; Millei and Imre 2021; Tiwary et al. 2017) and their contributions to the formation of ‘multiple childhoods’ (Balagopalan 2011, 2018) and ‘multiple modernities’ (Bhambra 2014; Popkewitz, Khurshid, and Zhao 2014) in the Global South. Presenting children in the Global South as a foil to the ‘western, bourgeoisie childhoods’ that were accepted as the ‘ideal’ (Balagopalan 2002), these accounts have shown how children categorised as ‘marginal’, ‘abnormal’, ‘deviant’, ‘outcast’, in the Global South, have been produced through cultural-, class-, and gender-specific ‘expert discourses’ emerging within the Global North (Brown 2011; Burman 1996; 2007; McLaughlin 2017). In contrast, several newer scholarly work on childhoods have challenged the neutrality of such expert discourses and argued that ‘what constitutes ‘normal’, ‘mainstream’, or ‘acceptable’, outside the Global North requires a ‘more nuanced, ethical, methodological, and theoretical interpretation’ (Benson and Wilkinson 2019, 3). What significant contribution can this present volume on ‘Childhood, Modernity and Schooling in India’make? What does it additionally seek to offer to the debates on childhood and the geographies of education? In putting together this volume, our intention was two-fold. First, we draw attention to institutionalised spaces of childhood, namely schools in this volume, as a site of inquiry to show how the project of decentreing normative childhoods remains incomplete. Specifically, we unpack the knowledge-systems and institutional practices forged around the modern figure of the child and circulated through compulsory schooling and its spatio-temporal rules for participation. Though critical scholarship has challenged the normative ordering of childhoods through schooling, this literature has mostly highlighted the problems of exclusion or difference. Few studies (Holt 2004) have examined the constituent routines and frameworks of schooling through which norms for children’s development and participation, produced in the Global North, have been reified. We, therefore, pay attention to the underlying cognitive structures of schooling – namely their takenfor-granted spatial and temporal rules and arrangements that segment and segregate the social world in specific ways, producing inequalities and differences. As queer theorist Judith Halberstam (2005) argues, these ways of segmenting soci","PeriodicalId":375438,"journal":{"name":"Children's Geographies","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115340120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Saving the children: Humanitarianism, internationalism and empire","authors":"Olivia M. Casey","doi":"10.1080/14733285.2022.2118519","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14733285.2022.2118519","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":375438,"journal":{"name":"Children's Geographies","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133896304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The well-being of children in a full lockdown and partial lockdown situation: a comparative perspective","authors":"Nahia Idoiaga Mondragón, Naiara Berasategi Sancho, Naiara Ozamiz-Echevarria, Maria Dosil Santamaria","doi":"10.1080/14733285.2022.2118030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14733285.2022.2118030","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT From 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic changed the world as we knew it. In the interest of stopping the spread of the pandemic, lockdown periods and social distancing measures were established in many countries at the beginning of that year and these restrictions continued for the following months and years. Moreover, schools from all over the world closed their doors. In this context, the objective of this research was to compare the well-being of children in Spain during full lockdown and partial lockdown periods, as measured by physical, emotional, social, and academic indicators. The ‘Well-being of Children in Lockdown' (WCL) scale (Berasategi et al. 2020) was used to measure the well-being of children using these parameters. The results revealed statistically significant differences in the general well-being of children and also in terms of emotions, addictions and playful and creative activities, with greater levels of well-being in these domains being evident in the full lockdown period compared with the partial lockdown period. In contrast, during the partial lockdown period, levels of physical and academic well-being were higher in comparison with those reported during the full lockdown phase. Finally, some theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed.","PeriodicalId":375438,"journal":{"name":"Children's Geographies","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126488354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The meaning of land and place for children born of war in northern Uganda","authors":"M. Denov, Anaïs Cadieux Van Vliet, Nathaniel Mosseau, Atim Angela Lakor","doi":"10.1080/14733285.2022.2113857","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14733285.2022.2113857","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The abduction and forced marriage of females was a key military strategy of the Lord’s Resistance Army (LRA) during northern Uganda’s civil war (1986–2007). Thousands of abducted girls became pregnant from sexual violence, giving birth to large numbers of children born of war. This article explores the experiences of 85 children born in LRA captivity, with a particular focus on the implications and meaning of both land and place. In the aftermath of the war, these children have been compelled to integrate into families and communities that often reject them because of their birth origins, identities, and former LRA affiliation. Facing multiple post-war challenges including poverty, and discrimination, many participants sought to retrace and reconnect with their paternal families to secure a better future. We highlight the important role of both land and place in the lives of children born in LRA captivity, particularly as it relates to belonging, social acceptance, and financial security. We conclude with a discussion of the potential risks and benefits of family tracing endeavors with children born of war in northern Uganda.","PeriodicalId":375438,"journal":{"name":"Children's Geographies","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132184233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Children’s independent mobility and activity spaces during COVID-19 in Finland","authors":"Päivi Berg, Tiina E. Rinne, P. Hakala, A. Pesola","doi":"10.1080/14733285.2022.2118028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14733285.2022.2118028","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Children’s Independent Mobility (CIM) is usually higher in Nordic countries, although like in many other countries it is declining over time. COVID-19 has created new large-scale restrictions into the patterns of children’s mobility. We explore children’s and parents’ perceptions of CIM during the pandemic. To better understand how to promote CIM, we use COVID-19 restrictions as a model to investigate how acute changes in play and sports are associated with the level of CIM and activity space. In this mixed-methods study, a total of 22 children (10–12-years-old) and their parents were interviewed, and a public-participatory GIS (PPGIS) questionnaire was completed by 427 children and 177 parents in two small cities in Southern Finland. CIM was measured as the independently traveled distance to and from all places visited during the previous week and as CIM licenses. Activity space was obtained by using a home range model. Based on the interviews, the most typically mentioned rules related to CIM were informing parents of destination and company, and curfews. COVID-19 mainly affected organized sports participation requiring a ride from parent but had little influence on CIM. According to questionnaire data, COVID-19 decreased organized sports in 23% of children but increased outdoor games and play in 17% of children. Increased play was associated with a greater CIM, while decreased sports was associated with a smaller activity space. The findings suggest that in comparison to organized sports, outdoor games and play should be promoted to support CIM.","PeriodicalId":375438,"journal":{"name":"Children's Geographies","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114993022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adolescents in Humanitarian Crisis. Displacement, Gender and Social Inequalities","authors":"G. Camară","doi":"10.1080/14733285.2022.2119520","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14733285.2022.2119520","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":375438,"journal":{"name":"Children's Geographies","volume":"108 5-6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123122880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A society-centric approach to child rights governance in the EU context: how to strengthen the political presence and participation of children?","authors":"Turkan Firinci Orman","doi":"10.1080/14733285.2021.1949435","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14733285.2021.1949435","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Looking beyond the legal approach of child rights governance (CRG) in the European Union (EU), this study contextualises a society-centric understanding of CRG concerning the sociological theory of childhood and new modes of governance as applied in the children’s rights sphere. By referring to the shortcomings and gaps in the legal perspective on CRG (e.g. tokenistic political participation by children, the dominant discourse on the protection of children versus empowerment, the legal fact that the EU cannot ratify the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child and the implementation gap), the paper shows the subjective aspects of CRG while problematising children’s participation rights. Building on intersecting themes such as children’s lived citizenship and youthful political agency, the paper asks what theoretical references are needed for society-centric solutions to the shortcomings of the legal perspective addressed earlier.","PeriodicalId":375438,"journal":{"name":"Children's Geographies","volume":"76 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130365846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Environmental education in Aotearoa New Zealand: reconfiguring possum–child mortal relations","authors":"Lauren Willing","doi":"10.1080/14733285.2022.2114314","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14733285.2022.2114314","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":375438,"journal":{"name":"Children's Geographies","volume":"50 11","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131623001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Where are preschoolers active in childcare centers? A hot-spot analysis using GIS, GPS and accelerometry data","authors":"Pulan Bai, J. Schipperijn, Michael Rosenberg, H. Christian","doi":"10.1080/14733285.2022.2104627","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14733285.2022.2104627","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This study investigated where preschool children were more or less active in outdoor play areas in Early Childhood Education and Care (ECEC) centers using a novel method of combined device-measured physical activity, spatial data and on-site audit data. Preschool children (n = 237) aged 2–5 years from 30 ECEC centers wore accelerometer (Actigraph GT3X+) and Global Positioning System device (Qstarz Q-1000XT) for 7 days. Optimized hot spot analysis was performed to identify physical activity hot and cold spots in ECEC outdoor play areas. Preschoolers’ mean daily minutes of physical activity per ECEC day were significantly higher in large-very large ECEC centers compared to small-medium sized ECEC centers (all p < .01). Physical activity hot spots were frequently found in open areas and sometimes also found in their adjacent outdoor play areas if children can freely move between these areas. The amount of running space in ECEC outdoor play area and its location in relation to open areas are important for facilitating physical activity in preschool children. The findings provide objective behavioral and spatial information of ECEC outdoor play area designs that promote physical activity behavior in preschoolers, which can be used to inform the planning and design of physical activity promoting ECEC outdoor environments.","PeriodicalId":375438,"journal":{"name":"Children's Geographies","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114598297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does children’s independent mobility matter? Insights into escorting practices in a developing country","authors":"K. Zannat, M. Nazmul, Huda Naim, K. Islam, Sourav Das, Mohammed Sarfaraz, Gani Adnan, A. Dewan","doi":"10.1080/14733285.2022.2106119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14733285.2022.2106119","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Understanding children’s mobility behaviour and parents escorting practices are important to developing a children-friendly society. But only a few studies concerning children’s mobility behaviour have focused on developing countries. In this study, we attempted to develop an econometric model to understand escorting practices in a developing country. A multinomial logit (MNL) model is developed using travel diary data of 398 elementary school-going children, inhabiting in Chattogram City Corporation (CCC) area of Bangladesh. We have considered different combinations of environmental (both school and neighbourhood environment), socio-cultural, household, and personal factors to explain children’s independent mobility behaviour for both school and discretionary trip purposes. The findings suggested that children’s individual (e.g. education level) and parents’ sociodemographic (e.g. income, access to cars, mother’s education level) facilities available at school, and built-environmental factors (e.g. commercial density, road density, land use mix and proximity to open spaces) are significantly associated with parent’s choice for chauffeuring their children in CCC area. Results will be useful to planners and policy makers for formulating effective measures to promote children’s independent mobility and will be a guideline for urban planners to include children’s mobility demand for the neighbourhood as well as city design.","PeriodicalId":375438,"journal":{"name":"Children's Geographies","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124966902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}