Journal of Circulating Biomarkers最新文献_第10页

Detection of Human c-Myc and EGFR Amplifications in Circulating Extracellular Vesicles in Mouse Tumour Models 小鼠肿瘤模型循环细胞外囊泡中人c-Myc和EGFR扩增的检测

Journal of Circulating Biomarkers Pub Date : 2014-01-01 DOI: 10.5772/59174

L. Balaj, F. Momen-Heravi, Weilin Chen, S. Sivaraman, Xuan Zhang, N. Ludwig, E. Meese, T. Wurdinger, D. Noske, A. Charest, F. Hochberg, P. Vandertop, J. Skog, W. Kuo

{"title":"Detection of Human c-Myc and EGFR Amplifications in Circulating Extracellular Vesicles in Mouse Tumour Models","authors":"L. Balaj, F. Momen-Heravi, Weilin Chen, S. Sivaraman, Xuan Zhang, N. Ludwig, E. Meese, T. Wurdinger, D. Noske, A. Charest, F. Hochberg, P. Vandertop, J. Skog, W. Kuo","doi":"10.5772/59174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/59174","url":null,"abstract":"Essentially, all cells release extracellular vesicles (EVs) that end up in biofluids, including blood, and the contents of these EVs can provide a window into the status of the cells from which they are released. This is particularly interesting in cancer, since these EVs allow for ‘ex-vivo’ analysis of the properties of the tumours without the need for biopsy. Gene mutations, rearrangements, amplifications, and epigenetic changes in the transcriptome can be monitored in circulating EVs. In this study, we used two human tumour cell lines derived from an epidermoid carcinoma and a medulloblastoma, which had amplification for the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and c-Myc genes, respectively. Cells were implanted subcutaneously into immunocompromised mice, and levels of gene amplification in both groups of subcutaneous tumours were quantified. We then determined if elevated levels of transcripts for the human EGFR and c-Myc were represented in circulating EVs in tumour-bearing mice. The expression levels of both human EGFR (h-EGFR) and human c-Myc (h-c-Myc) mRNAs in circulating EVs correlated well with their amplified status in the tumours. This data provides further support to the idea that circulating EVs are a potential platform for tumour biomarkers.","PeriodicalId":37524,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Circulating Biomarkers","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70977021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Short Course in Extracellular Vesicles — The Transition from Tissue to Liquid Biopsies 细胞外囊泡的短期病程-从组织活检到液体活检的转变

Journal of Circulating Biomarkers Pub Date : 2014-01-01 DOI: 10.5772/60053

J. Lötvall, J. Skog, A. Vlassov, A. Sacido, E. Rohde, J. Gere, W. Kuo

{"title":"Short Course in Extracellular Vesicles — The Transition from Tissue to Liquid Biopsies","authors":"J. Lötvall, J. Skog, A. Vlassov, A. Sacido, E. Rohde, J. Gere, W. Kuo","doi":"10.5772/60053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/60053","url":null,"abstract":"Extracellular vesicles (EVs), including exosomes and microvesicles, carry a variety of bio-macromolecules, including mRNA, microRNA, other non-coding RNAs, proteins and lipids. EVs have emerged as a promising, minimally invasive (liquid biopsies) and novel source of material for molecular diagnostics, and may provide a surrogate to tissue biopsy-based biomarkers for a variety of diseases. Although EVs can be easily identified and collected from biological fluids using commercial kits, further research and proper validation is needed in order for them to be useful in the clinical setting. Currently, several EV-based research and diagnostic companies have developed research-based kits and are in the process of working with clinical laboratories to develop and validate EV-based assays for a variety of diseases. The successful clinical application of EV-based diagnostic assays will require close collaboration between industry, academia, regulatory agencies and access to patient samples. We expect that international, integrative and interdisciplinary translational research teams, along with the emergence of FDA-approved platforms, will set the framework for EV-based diagnostics. We recognize that the EV field offers new promise for personalized/precision medicine and targeted treatment in a variety of diseases. A short course was held as a four-session webinar series in September and October 2014, presented by pioneers and experts in the EV domain, covering a broad range of topics from an overview of the field to its applications, and the current state and challenges of the commercialization of EVs for research and an introduction to the clinic. It was concluded with a panel discussion on the regulatory aspects and funding opportunities in this field. A summary of the short course is presented as a meeting dispatch.","PeriodicalId":37524,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Circulating Biomarkers","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5772/60053","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70979762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Uncovering the Role of Erythrocyte-Derived Extracellular Vesicles in Malaria: From Immune Regulation to Cell Communication 揭示红细胞来源的细胞外囊泡在疟疾中的作用:从免疫调节到细胞通讯

Journal of Circulating Biomarkers Pub Date : 2014-01-01 DOI: 10.5772/58596

Johan Ankarklev, D. Hjelmqvist, Pierre-Yves Mantel

{"title":"Uncovering the Role of Erythrocyte-Derived Extracellular Vesicles in Malaria: From Immune Regulation to Cell Communication","authors":"Johan Ankarklev, D. Hjelmqvist, Pierre-Yves Mantel","doi":"10.5772/58596","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/58596","url":null,"abstract":"Investigation of the involvement of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in parasite biology has burgeoned in recent years. Human infecting protozoan parasites, such as Trypanosoma cruzi, Lesihmania sp. and Trichomonas vaginalis, have all demonstrated the utilization of EVs as virulence factors in order to activate or hamper host immunity. Novel findings have provided evidence that the deployment of EVs by Plasmodium sp. has a major impact in disease outcomes and serves as an integral part in controlling stage switching in its life cycle. Clinical studies have highlighted elevated levels of EVs in patients with severe malaria disease and EVs have been linked to increased sequestration of infected red blood cells to the endothelium, causing obstruction of blood flow. It has also been found that EVs produced during malaria disease activate innate immunity. Intriguingly, recent discoveries indicate that Plasmodium sp. “highjack” the erythrocyte microvesiculation system in order to cross-communicate. Both the transfer of DNA and parasite density regulation has been suggested as key mechanisms of EVs in malaria biology.","PeriodicalId":37524,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Circulating Biomarkers","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5772/58596","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70973646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8

Exosomal Heat Shock Proteins as New Players in Tumour Cell-to-Cell Communication 外泌体热休克蛋白在肿瘤细胞间通讯中的新作用

Journal of Circulating Biomarkers Pub Date : 2014-01-01 DOI: 10.5772/58721

C. Campanella, C. C. Bavisotto, A. M. Gammazza, D. Nikolić, F. Rappa, S. David, F. Cappello, F. Bucchieri, S. Fais

引用次数: 45

Influence of Lung Parenchyma Surgical Manipulation on Circulating Free DNA 肺实质手术操作对循环游离DNA的影响

Journal of Circulating Biomarkers Pub Date : 2014-01-01 DOI: 10.5772/59875

M. Anile, C. Chiappetta, D. Diso, V. Liparulo, M. Leopizzi, C. Della Rocca, F. Venuta

{"title":"Influence of Lung Parenchyma Surgical Manipulation on Circulating Free DNA","authors":"M. Anile, C. Chiappetta, D. Diso, V. Liparulo, M. Leopizzi, C. Della Rocca, F. Venuta","doi":"10.5772/59875","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/59875","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Metastatic recurrence is the most frequent cause of death after surgical resection of lung cancer. Manipulation during surgery has been advocated as one of the causes contributing to promotion of spreading. Methods: We investigated if the detection of plasma circulating free DNA (cfDNA) is influenced by surgical manipulation in 25 lung cancer patients (17 males and eight females) undergoing complete resection; 20 health subjects formed the control group. Bloodstream levels of cfDNA were detected before surgery, one week and one month after surgery. Results: CfDNA levels measured preoperatively and in the control group were 23 07 ± 7 4 ng/mL and 7 5 ± 3 4 ng/mL respectively (p=0 0002); levels at one week and one month were 68 2 ± 36 2 ng/mL and 9 6 ± 3 1 ng/mL respectively. The difference between the three time points were statistically significant (preop vs. one week p=0 0006; one week vs. one month p=0 0003) with an increase in the first week and a strong decrease after one month. CfDNA levels at one month were not statistically different from those recorded in the control group. There was no correlation between preoperative cfDNA levels, tumour stage, grading and histology and patient demographics. No correlation was found between postoperative cfDNA, type of surgical procedure, histology and stage. After a median follow-up of 16 months no recurrence was detected. Conclusions: Surgical manipulation determines increased cfDNA levels in the early postoperative period; however, after one month they decrease within the normal range, at levels that are statistically comparable with healthy subjects.","PeriodicalId":37524,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Circulating Biomarkers","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5772/59875","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70978081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Identification of Immunoreactive Tumour Antigens Using Free and Exosome-Associated Humoral Responses 利用游离和外泌体相关体液反应鉴定免疫反应性肿瘤抗原

Journal of Circulating Biomarkers Pub Date : 2013-01-01 DOI: 10.5772/57524

Carolyn D. Roberson, Ç. Gerçel-Taylor, Ying Qi, K. Schey, D. Taylor

{"title":"Identification of Immunoreactive Tumour Antigens Using Free and Exosome-Associated Humoral Responses","authors":"Carolyn D. Roberson, Ç. Gerçel-Taylor, Ying Qi, K. Schey, D. Taylor","doi":"10.5772/57524","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/57524","url":null,"abstract":"Altered tumour antigens can initiate cellular and humoral immune responses; however, they often fail to eliminate tumours. In humans, the presence of cancer is generally associated with the suppression of T cell activation and effector responses, characterized as a Th1 to Th2 biased response. This Th2 response leads to the production of tumour-reactive antibodies. Further, neoplastic lesions and biological fluids of cancer patients contain an abundance of tumour-derived exosomes (TDE) expressing tumour antigens. Expression of tumour antigens on TDE may represent an antibody target and serve to block antibody binding to the tumour, implicating a role for these nanovesicles in tumour survival. In this study, ovarian tumour cell proteins were separated by two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) and patient-derived antibodies were used to analyse immunoreactivity. Common immunoreactive proteins among ovarian cancer patients were identified by mass spectrometry and six proteins were selected based on recognition and correlation with cancer pathogenesis. The identity of these proteins were confirmed by immunoreactivity of patient-derived antibodies with recombinant proteins and their presence on in vivo and in vitro-derived ovarian tumour exosomes was defined. Analysis of the TDE demonstrated bound tumour-reactive immunoglobulins, exhibiting immunoreactivity with specific antigens, suggesting that patient-derived antibodies recognize tumour antigens on circulating exosomes.","PeriodicalId":37524,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Circulating Biomarkers","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5772/57524","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70967192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Announcing Exosomes and Microvesicles, the Official Journal of the American Society for Exosomes and Microvesicles 宣布外泌体和微囊泡，美国外泌体和微囊泡学会官方期刊

Journal of Circulating Biomarkers Pub Date : 2013-01-01 DOI: 10.5772/56520

S. Gould, D. Taylor, A. Chiesi, W. Kuo

引用次数: 1

Rab27B-Mediated Metabolic Reprogramming Induces Secretome Acidification and Chemoresistance in Breast Cancer Cells rab27b介导的代谢重编程诱导乳腺癌细胞分泌组酸化和化疗耐药

Journal of Circulating Biomarkers Pub Date : 2013-01-01 DOI: 10.5772/56521

A. Hendrix, C. Ciccone, C. Gespach, M. Bracke, O. De Wever, W. Westbroek

{"title":"Rab27B-Mediated Metabolic Reprogramming Induces Secretome Acidification and Chemoresistance in Breast Cancer Cells","authors":"A. Hendrix, C. Ciccone, C. Gespach, M. Bracke, O. De Wever, W. Westbroek","doi":"10.5772/56521","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/56521","url":null,"abstract":"The secretory Rab27B small GTPase promotes invasive growth, tumourigenicity and metastasis in oestrogen receptor (ER)-positive human breast cancer cells. Coherently, increased Rab27B expression in breast cancer patients is associated with a poor prognosis. In the present study, bio-energetic profiling revealed that oxidative phosphorylation is significantly reduced in ER-positive breast cancer cells engineered to overexpress Rab27B levels as observed in invasive clinical primary breast cancer. Rab27B-induced metabolic reprogramming to aerobic glycolysis was further evidenced by increased extracellular acidification followed by cathepsin B activation and doxorubicin resistance. Transient silencing of Rab27B and stable transfection of Rab27A, and Rab27B mutants in ER-positive breast cancer cells confirmed that this response was Rab27B-specific and dependent upon Rab27B-GTP activation and vesicle membrane attachment through the C-terminal geranylgeranyl group of this small GTPase. Rab27B-driven extracellular acidification is required and is sufficient to induce filopodia-like morphological changes, primarily involved in the process of cancer cell invasion. Our data demonstrate that a Rab27B-dependent switch from oxidative phosphorylation towards aerobic glycolysis in ER-positive breast cancer cells is accompanied by acidification of the tumour environment.","PeriodicalId":37524,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Circulating Biomarkers","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5772/56521","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70954312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Tumour Cells Incorporate Exosomes Derived from Dendritic Cells through a Mechanism Involving the Tetraspanin CD9 肿瘤细胞通过与四蛋白CD9相关的机制整合来自树突状细胞的外泌体

Journal of Circulating Biomarkers Pub Date : 2013-01-01 DOI: 10.5772/52069

G. Romagnoli, P. A. Toniolo, Isabela Katz Migliori, E. Caldini, M. A. Ferreira, C. R. Pizzo, P. C. Bergami-Santos, J. Barbuto

{"title":"Tumour Cells Incorporate Exosomes Derived from Dendritic Cells through a Mechanism Involving the Tetraspanin CD9","authors":"G. Romagnoli, P. A. Toniolo, Isabela Katz Migliori, E. Caldini, M. A. Ferreira, C. R. Pizzo, P. C. Bergami-Santos, J. Barbuto","doi":"10.5772/52069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/52069","url":null,"abstract":"Exosomes (Exos) are secreted nanovesicles that contain membrane proteins and genetic material, which can be transferred between cells and contribute to their communication in the body. We show that Exos, obtained from mature human dendritic cells (DCs), are incorporated by tumour cells, which after Exos treatment, acquire the expression of HLA-class I, HLA-class II, CD86, CD11c, CD54 and CD18. This incorporation reaches its peak eight hours after treatment, can be observed in different cell tumour lines (SK-BR-3, U87 and K562) and could be a means to transform non-immunogenic into immunogenic tumour cells. Interestingly, tetraspanins, which are expressed by the tumour cells, have their surface level decreased after Exo treatment. Furthermore, the intensity of Exo incorporation by the different tumour cell lines was proportional to their CD9 expression levels and pre-treatment of Exos with anti-CD9 decreased their incorporation (by SK-BR-3 cells). This modification of tumour cells by DC-derived Exos may allow their use in new immunotherapeutic approaches to cancer. Furthermore, by showing the involvement of CD9 in this incorporation, we provide a possible selection criterion for tumours to be addressed by this strategy.","PeriodicalId":37524,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Circulating Biomarkers","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5772/52069","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70935805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

Therapeutic Uses of Exosomes 外泌体的治疗用途

Journal of Circulating Biomarkers Pub Date : 2013-01-01 DOI: 10.5772/56522

Z. Suntres, Milton G. Smith, F. Momen-Heravi, Jie Hu, Xin Zhang, Ying Wu, Hongguang Zhu, Jiping Wang, Jian Zhou, W. Kuo

{"title":"Therapeutic Uses of Exosomes","authors":"Z. Suntres, Milton G. Smith, F. Momen-Heravi, Jie Hu, Xin Zhang, Ying Wu, Hongguang Zhu, Jiping Wang, Jian Zhou, W. Kuo","doi":"10.5772/56522","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/56522","url":null,"abstract":"Exosomes are membrane vesicles with a diameter of 40–100 nm that are secreted by many cell types into the extracellular milieu. Exosomes are found in cell culture supernatants and in different biological fluids and are known to be secreted by most cell types under normal and pathological conditions. Considerable research is focusing on the exploitation of exosomes in biological fluids for biomarkers in the diagnosis of disease. More recently, exosomes are being exploited for their therapeutic potential. Exosomes derived from dendritic cells, tumor cells, and malignant effusions demonstrate immunomodulatory functions and are able to present antigens to T-cells and stimulate antigen-specific T-cell responses. Exosomes have also been examined for their therapeutic potential in the treatment of infections such as toxoplasmosis, diphtheria, tuberculosis and atypical severe acute respiratory syndrome as well as autoimmune diseases. Attempts to find practical applications for exosomes continue to expand with the role of exosomes as a drug delivery system for the treatment of autoimmune/inflammatory diseases and cancers.","PeriodicalId":37524,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Circulating Biomarkers","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5772/56522","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70954411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 32