外泌体的治疗用途

Q3 Medicine
Z. Suntres, Milton G. Smith, F. Momen-Heravi, Jie Hu, Xin Zhang, Ying Wu, Hongguang Zhu, Jiping Wang, Jian Zhou, W. Kuo
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引用次数: 32

摘要

外泌体是一种直径为40 - 100nm的膜囊泡,由许多细胞分泌到细胞外环境中。外泌体存在于细胞培养上清和不同的生物液体中,已知在正常和病理条件下大多数细胞类型都会分泌外泌体。相当多的研究集中在利用生物液体中的外泌体作为疾病诊断的生物标志物。最近,外泌体因其治疗潜力而被开发。来源于树突状细胞、肿瘤细胞和恶性积液的外泌体显示出免疫调节功能,能够向t细胞呈递抗原并刺激抗原特异性t细胞反应。还研究了外泌体在治疗诸如弓形虫病、白喉、肺结核和非典型严重急性呼吸系统综合症以及自身免疫性疾病等感染方面的治疗潜力。随着外泌体作为治疗自身免疫性/炎症性疾病和癌症的药物传递系统的作用,寻找外泌体实际应用的尝试不断扩大。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Therapeutic Uses of Exosomes
Exosomes are membrane vesicles with a diameter of 40–100 nm that are secreted by many cell types into the extracellular milieu. Exosomes are found in cell culture supernatants and in different biological fluids and are known to be secreted by most cell types under normal and pathological conditions. Considerable research is focusing on the exploitation of exosomes in biological fluids for biomarkers in the diagnosis of disease. More recently, exosomes are being exploited for their therapeutic potential. Exosomes derived from dendritic cells, tumor cells, and malignant effusions demonstrate immunomodulatory functions and are able to present antigens to T-cells and stimulate antigen-specific T-cell responses. Exosomes have also been examined for their therapeutic potential in the treatment of infections such as toxoplasmosis, diphtheria, tuberculosis and atypical severe acute respiratory syndrome as well as autoimmune diseases. Attempts to find practical applications for exosomes continue to expand with the role of exosomes as a drug delivery system for the treatment of autoimmune/inflammatory diseases and cancers.
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来源期刊
Journal of Circulating Biomarkers
Journal of Circulating Biomarkers Medicine-Biochemistry (medical)
CiteScore
3.20
自引率
0.00%
发文量
9
审稿时长
8 weeks
期刊介绍: Journal of Circulating Biomarkers is an international, peer-reviewed, open access scientific journal focusing on all aspects of the rapidly growing field of circulating blood-based biomarkers and diagnostics using circulating protein and lipid markers, circulating tumor cells (CTC), circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA) and extracellular vesicles, including exosomes, microvesicles, microparticles, ectosomes and apoptotic bodies. The journal publishes high-impact articles that deal with all fields related to circulating biomarkers and diagnostics, ranging from basic science to translational and clinical applications. Papers from a wide variety of disciplines are welcome; interdisciplinary studies are especially suitable for this journal. Included within the scope are a broad array of specialties including (but not limited to) cancer, immunology, neurology, metabolic diseases, cardiovascular medicine, regenerative medicine, nosology, physiology, pathology, technological applications in diagnostics, therapeutics, vaccine, drug delivery, regenerative medicine, drug development and clinical trials. The journal also hosts reviews, perspectives and news on specific topics.
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