{"title":"Federal System and Direct Democracy in Switzerland","authors":"Mirosław Matyja","doi":"10.33258/polit.v1i3.484","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33258/polit.v1i3.484","url":null,"abstract":"The main aim of this work is to present and analyze the structure and the way of operating of the Swiss instruments of direct democracy, as well as its significance for the country’s development. The Swiss example is the best case of functioning democracy in the world. Throughout the centuries, the Swiss political system has evolved into a mature and efficient democracy. The process of its improvement is still going on. Today, the political system of Switzerland can be described as parliamentary-cantonal. In 1848, the country adopted the Federal Constitution and a system based on referenda, while local issues, such as taxes, judiciary, schooling, police, and welfare were left to the cantons. In 1874, the document was amended and the optional referendum was introduced. In 1891, another amendment cemented the unique system by rooting in strongly in direct democracy. The current constitution of Switzerland was adopted by the majority of voter through a referendum that took place in 1999.","PeriodicalId":374904,"journal":{"name":"Polit Journal: Scientific Journal of Politics","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133813772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"About Some Problems of the Methodology of the Study of State and Legal Phenomena","authors":"V. Kozhevnikov","doi":"10.33258/POLIT.V1I2.448","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33258/POLIT.V1I2.448","url":null,"abstract":"This article is devoted to the problems of the methodology of the study of state and legal problems concerning its \"core\" - the methods used. Emphasizing the importance of general philosophical (universal, world outlook) methods, the emphasis is placed on the fact that, despite the criticism of Marxist-Leninism, the emergence of new research methods, in Russian jurisprudence, the dialectical-materialist method is the leading general philosophical method.","PeriodicalId":374904,"journal":{"name":"Polit Journal: Scientific Journal of Politics","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129905694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Vortex of Identity Politics in Medan City","authors":"A. Agasi, M. Fadli, Agung Suharyanto","doi":"10.33258/POLIT.V1I1.364","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33258/POLIT.V1I1.364","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to determine the Interethnic Relations and Political Power; Ethnic Identity, Political Culture and Actor Battles; and Relationships of Political Party Actors in the 2020 Medan City Election. Identity politics in the Direct Regional Head Election in Medan. A qualitative approach is used to describe and analyze the issue of identity politics in Medan City based on the issue of nationalism and religious issues. Castells' identity politics theory, as well as the Almond and verbal political culture theory, to be the basis for analyzing the data obtained in the field regarding identity politics, the role of actors / structures and their relationship to the political culture process in the 2020 Pilkada of Medan City. The results of field research found that identity politics provides a large space for the arousal of the actors to strengthen and raise the position of elites and local rulers in Medan City. The role of actors and structures is a challenge for political parties in the regions. The politics of ethnic identity that has developed in Medan City which is based on the spirit of ethnic pragmatism actually encourages ethnicity to become a soft political force with the birth of a harmonious political culture for the creation of a good democratic climate in Medan City.","PeriodicalId":374904,"journal":{"name":"Polit Journal: Scientific Journal of Politics","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125310214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Total and Authoritary State Regimes","authors":"V. Kozhevnikov","doi":"10.33258/polit.v1i3.492","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33258/polit.v1i3.492","url":null,"abstract":"This scientific article analyzes and dialectically evaluates non-democratic state regimes, which, from the position of the author, cannot be definedas anti-democratic regimes. This assessment of the undemocratic state regime is transferred to its two main varieties - authoritarian and totalitarian regimes, focusing on the negative and positive aspects of both. Special attention is paid to the problem of correlation between totalitarian and authoritarian state regimes.","PeriodicalId":374904,"journal":{"name":"Polit Journal: Scientific Journal of Politics","volume":"160 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122564197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"About the Code: General Theoretical Aspect","authors":"V. Kozhevnikov","doi":"10.33258/polit.v1i3.486","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33258/polit.v1i3.486","url":null,"abstract":"The article discusses a number of problems related to such a normative legal act as a code: its concept, increasing the proportion, correlation with other laws. Particular attention is paid to the situation according to which the code is a \"product\" not only of the codification of regulations, as is customary in the legal literature, but also of consolidation.","PeriodicalId":374904,"journal":{"name":"Polit Journal: Scientific Journal of Politics","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115760884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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