Journal of Pediatric Pharmacology and Therapeutics最新文献

{"title":"Comparison of Antiemetics in the Management of Pediatric Cannabinoid Hyperemesis Syndrome.","authors":"Emily Geraci,&nbsp;Carrie Cake,&nbsp;Kevin M Mulieri,&nbsp;Norman E Fenn","doi":"10.5863/1551-6776-28.3.222","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5863/1551-6776-28.3.222","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>As a result of recent legislative changes allowing for increased access to marijuana products, there have been increasing rates of cannabis abuse among adolescents and subsequent diagnoses of cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome (CHS). Most available literature on this syndrome exists within the adult population and describes benzodiazepines, haloperidol, and topical capsaicin as potentially efficacious in the management of CHS. The objectives of this study were to identify antiemetics and compare their efficacy and safety in the management of pediatric CHS.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective review of Penn State Children's Hospital electronic health record was performed to identify patients 18 years or younger who had an emergency department or inpatient encounter, a cannabis hyperemesis-related diagnosis code, and met diagnostic criteria for CHS. Antiemetic efficacy was determined using subjective patient perception of nausea and objective documentation of vomiting. Benzodiazepines, haloperidol, and topical capsaicin were classified as nontraditional antiemetics, whereas all other antiemetics were classified as traditional.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Nontraditional antiemetic medications appeared to be more effective in resolving patient symptoms compared with traditional antiemetics. Analysis of all ordered antiemetics demonstrated a gap in partial or full symptom resolution between nontraditional and traditional agents. Reported adverse effects were minimal.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome is an underrecognized and underdiagnosed condition characterized by cyclic vomiting related to chronic cannabis use. Abstinence from cannabis remains the most effective approach to mitigating morbidity associated with CHS. Medications such as lorazepam or droperidol may have benefit in managing toxidrome symptoms. Traditional antiemetic prescribing remains a key barrier to effective management of pediatric CHS.</p>","PeriodicalId":37484,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Pharmacology and Therapeutics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10249977/pdf/i2331-348X-28-3-222.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9611220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial Intelligence-AI-and The Journal of Pediatric Pharmacology and Therapeutics.","authors":"Michael D Reed","doi":"10.5863/1551-6776-28.4.284","DOIUrl":"10.5863/1551-6776-28.4.284","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37484,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Pharmacology and Therapeutics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10547040/pdf/i2331-348X-28-4-284.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41173349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Rituximab-Associated Infections Among Children and Adolescents With Glomerular Disease: Focus on the Risk of Infections.","authors":"Zhara Pouransiri,&nbsp;Farahnak Assadi,&nbsp;Masoumeh Mohkam,&nbsp;Nakysa Hooman,&nbsp;Zahra Rostami,&nbsp;Mojgan Mazaheri,&nbsp;Anoush Azarfar,&nbsp;Fatemeh Ghane Sharbaf","doi":"10.5863/1551-6776-28.4.308","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5863/1551-6776-28.4.308","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to explore rituximab (RTX) associated infectious complications in children with glomerular disease.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We performed an electronic search of PubMed, International Scientific Information (ISI), Scopus, and EMBASE between January 2010 and July 2021. Infection rates and total drug-related adverse events were the outcomes. Statistical heterogeneity was evaluated by using the <i>I²</i> statistic. When there was statistical evidence of heterogeneity (<i>I</i>² > 50%, p > 0.1), a random-effect model was adopted. Data analysis was performed with Stata17.0 software.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 7 studies with 668 patients (136 with lupus nephritis [LN] and 532 with nephrotic syndrome were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled risk ratio showed that the administration of RTX was significantly associated with lower risk of infectious complications in patients with LN and nephrotic syndrome (0.72 [95% CI 0.58, 0.85]) when compared with population data of patients without glomerular disease (p = 0.2). There was no significant difference between the LN and nephrotic syndrome groups in terms of total serious adverse events or the occurrence of infections. There was significant heterogeneity among the reported studies (Q = 42.39, p < 0.001, <i>I</i>² = 81%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Administration of RTX in children with glomerular disease is associated with a lower rate of infections when compared with population data of patients without LN or nephrotic syndrome. Additional high-quality randomized controlled trials with long-term follow-up are needed to identify the long-term potential complications. Trial registration PROPERO ID: CRD42021274869 (https://www.crd.york.ac/prospero/display_record.php?).</p>","PeriodicalId":37484,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Pharmacology and Therapeutics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10547046/pdf/i2331-348X-28-4-308.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41111954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Causal Inference in Traumatic Brain Injury: A Case of Head Trauma and Mismatched Symptoms.","authors":"Alexandra Fife,&nbsp;Kendra Larsen","doi":"10.5863/1551-6776-28.4.365","DOIUrl":"10.5863/1551-6776-28.4.365","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We present a case of a 14-month-old female presenting to the emergency department with head trauma. When her symptoms deviated from those associated with typical head trauma, the emergency department pharmacy team recognized a vital clue that directed the medical team toward the actual mechanism of injury and appropriate treatment of the child.</p>","PeriodicalId":37484,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Pharmacology and Therapeutics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10547044/pdf/i2331-348X-28-4-365.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41132413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alpelisib: A Novel Agent for PIK3CA-Related Overgrowth Spectrum.","authors":"Katarina Nadjkovic, Kevin Lonabaugh","doi":"10.5863/1551-6776-28.7.590","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5863/1551-6776-28.7.590","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of this review is to present the information a clinician will need when considering alpelisib therapy for a patient diagnosed with PIK3CA-related overgrowth spectrum (PROS). PROS is a condition caused by a somatic recessive gain-of-function mutation in the gene encoding phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K). PROS is rare, affecting approximately 14 births per 1 million. PROS affects many different tissues including skin, bone, vascular, adipose, and connective tissues, thus its presentations vary widely. The presentation of PROS is often described as mosaic, as the disease typically does not affect all cells in the body. For patients two years of age and older requiring systemic therapy, alpelisib is an option which was recently granted accelerated approval by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) on April 5, 2022. Alpelisib is an inhibitor of PI3K, slowing the progression of existing lesions and preventing new lesions in patients with PROS. Important drug interactions exist with both CYP3A4 inducers and CYP2C9 substrates. Additionally, providers of patients receiving alpelisib should be aware of potential side effects including hypersensitivity, severe cutaneous adverse reactions, hyperglycemia, pneumonitis, diarrhea, and embryo-fetal toxicity. Despite the potential for adverse events, alpelisib has provided clinical benefit to many patients with PROS as evidenced by the current literature. This review collects and summarizes the currently available evidence, including a recently published case series and multiple case reports. Alpelisib is a promising new option for patients with PROS.</p>","PeriodicalId":37484,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Pharmacology and Therapeutics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10681085/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138463253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"National Amoxicillin-Clavulanate Formulation Use Pattern: A Survey.","authors":"Gretchen Brummel,&nbsp;Chad A Knoderer","doi":"10.5863/1551-6776-28.3.192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5863/1551-6776-28.3.192","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Five commercially available amoxicillin-clavulanate (AMC) ratio formulations contribute to ratio selection variability with efficacy and toxicity implications. The objective of this survey was to determine AMC formulation use patterns across the United States.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A multicenter practitioner survey was distributed to multiple listservs (American College of Clinical Pharmacy pediatrics, infectious diseases, ambulatory care, pharmacy administration; American Society of Health-System Pharmacists; Pediatric Pharmacy Association members), and selected pediatric Vizient members in June 2019. Responses were screened for multiples within institutions. Repeated organization responses were identified (n = 37) and excluded if the duplicate matched another response from the same organization exactly (n = 0).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>One hundred ninety independent responses were received. Nearly 62% of respondents represented a children's hospital within an acute care hospital; remainder being from stand-alone children's hospitals. Around 55% of respondents indicated prescribers were responsible for choosing the patient-specific formulation for inpatients. Nearly 70% of respondents indicated multiple formulations were available due to clinical need (efficacy, toxicity, measurable volume), whereas over 40% responded that the number of liquid formulations were limited to decrease the potential for error. Variability was demonstrated among institutions using ≥ 2 different formulations for acute otitis media (AOM), sinusitis, lower respiratory tract infection, skin and soft tissue infection, and urinary tract infection (33.6%, 37.3%, 41.5%, 35.8%, and 35.8%, respectively). The 14:1 formulation was the most common, but not exclusive, for AOM, sinusitis, and lower respiratory tract infections with 2.1%, 2.1%, and 2.6% of respondents indicating use of the 2:1 formulation and 10.9%, 15%, and 16.6% of respondents indicating use of the 4:1 formulation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Significant AMC formulation selection variability exists across the United States.</p>","PeriodicalId":37484,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Pharmacology and Therapeutics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10249967/pdf/i2331-348X-28-3-192.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9611222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Methylnaltrexone for Opioid-Induced Dysmotility in Critically Ill Infants and Children: A Pilot Study.","authors":"Christina J Smith,&nbsp;Caroline M Sierra,&nbsp;Joanna Robbins,&nbsp;Nancy Y Chang,&nbsp;Farrukh Mirza","doi":"10.5863/1551-6776-28.2.136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5863/1551-6776-28.2.136","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Critically ill pediatric patients commonly experience opioid-induced dysmotility. Methylnaltrexone, a subcutaneously administered, peripherally acting mu-opioid receptor antagonist, is a compelling adjunct to enteral laxatives in patients with opioid-induced dysmotility. Data for methylnaltrexone use in critically ill pediatric patients are limited. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness and safety of methylnaltrexone for opioid-induced dysmotility in critically ill infants and children.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients younger than 18 years who received subcutaneous methylnaltrexone from January 1, 2013, through September 15, 2020, in the pediatric intensive care units at an academic institution were included in this retrospective analysis. Outcomes included incidence of bowel movement, enteral nutrition feeding volume, and adverse drug events.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-four patients, median age 3.5 years (IQR, 0.58-11.1), received 72 methylnaltrexone doses. The median dose was 0.15 mg/kg (IQR, 0.15-0.15). Patients were receiving a mean ± SD of 7.5 ± 4.5 mg/kg/day of oral morphine milligram equivalents (MMEs) at methylnaltrexone administration and received opioids for median 13 days (IQR, 8.8-21) prior to methylnaltrexone administration. A bowel movement occurred within 4 hours following 43 (60%) administrations and within 24 hours following 58 (81%) administrations. Enteral nutrition volume increased by 81% (p = 0.002) following administration. Three patients had emesis and 2 received anti-nausea medication. No significant changes in sedation or pain scores were observed. Withdrawal scores and daily oral MMEs decreased following administration (p = 0.008 and p = 0.002, respectively).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Methylnaltrexone may be an effective treatment for opioid-induced dysmotility in critically ill pediatric patients with low risk of adverse effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":37484,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Pharmacology and Therapeutics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10150904/pdf/i2331-348X-28-2-136.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9412546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physical Compatibility of Y-site Pediatric Drug Administration: A Call for Question of US Pharmacopeia Standards.","authors":"Emma L Ross,&nbsp;Kirsten Petty,&nbsp;Allison Salinas,&nbsp;Jarrett Bremmer,&nbsp;Cheng Her,&nbsp;John F Carpenter","doi":"10.5863/1551-6776-28.1.84","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5863/1551-6776-28.1.84","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the physical intravenous Y-site compatibility of 29 combinations of medications at commonly used pediatric concentrations using both existing and novel techniques.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Medication combinations included were selected by a varied group of pediatric inpatient pharmacists, and then assessed by 3 independent reviewers for existing literature. For each combination, 2 different medications were mixed together in a 1:1 ratio and incubated at room temperature for 4 hours to simulate Y-site administration. Each sample was then analyzed using the US Pharmacopeia (USP) <788> recommended analytical technique of light obscuration (LO) in addition to novel flow imaging (FI) microscopy and backgrounded membrane imaging (BMI). Physical compatibility was determined using USP chapter <788> large volume particle count limits for all techniques.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 29 different medication combinations were studied. Five combinations met criteria for compatibility by all 3 techniques. The remaining 24 combinations reached the threshold to be considered incompatible by at least 1 of the 3 techniques. Light obscuration, BMI, and FI identified 14%, 59%, and 76% of combinations as incompatible, respectively. All samples deemed incompatible by LO were also incompatible by at least 1 of the other 2 techniques. Flow imaging and BMI results agreed in 69% of samples tested.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Most combinations tested were found to be incompatible by at least 1 of the 3 instruments used. Light obscuration appears to have reduced accuracy for identifying particulate resulting in physical medication incompatibility when compared with the novel techniques of FI and BMI.</p>","PeriodicalId":37484,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Pharmacology and Therapeutics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9901315/pdf/i2331-348X-28-1-84.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10708937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of a Multidisciplinary Stewardship Program on the Prevention of Delirium in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit.","authors":"Madison M Gilbert, Rachel Hershberger, Jenna L Para, Keyosha Smart, Brittany Powers Shaddix","doi":"10.5863/1551-6776-28.8.721","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5863/1551-6776-28.8.721","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the effect of a multidisciplinary practice bundle on the incidence of delirium in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective observational study evaluated patients admitted to the PICU with Cornell Assessment of Pediatric Delirium (CAPD) scoring. A multidisciplinary practice bundle was implemented involving pharmacists, nurses, and providers. Study endpoints included CAPD scores greater than or equal to 9, length of hospital stay, and days spent in the PICU.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study included 192 patients. The pre-intervention mean CAPD score was 3.59, maximum of 24 (range, 0-24), and 4.5% of patients had a score ≥9. The post-intervention mean score was 4.04, maximum of 21 (range, 0-21), and 9.6% of patients had a score ≥9. The pre-intervention mean total length of hospital stay was 8.7 days, maximum of 149 days (range, 0-149); the mean number of days spent in PICU was 4.5 days, and maximum days in PICU was 89 days (range, 0-89). The post-intervention mean total length of hospital stay was 8.8 days, maximum of 57 days (range, 0-57); the mean number of days spent in PICU was 3.9 days, and maximum days in PICU was 31 days (range, 0-31).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Implementation of a multidisciplinary practice bundle, the use of CAPD scores, and the stewardship of high-risk patients increased overall awareness of the occurrence of pediatric delirium in the PICU and reduced length of stay in the intensive care unit and therefore reduced cost for families and the institute.</p>","PeriodicalId":37484,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Pharmacology and Therapeutics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10715383/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138811526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Dexamethasone Dosing Strategies in Pediatric Asthma Exacerbations.","authors":"Irene R Kelly, Thomas Laudone, Richard Lichenstein, Kristine A Parbuoni","doi":"10.5863/1551-6776-28.8.735","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5863/1551-6776-28.8.735","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to determine if there is a difference in health care use in pediatric asthma exacerbations with dexamethasone at a standardized dose compared with a weight-based approach.  .</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a single-center, retrospective study of patients ages 2 to 17 years presenting to the pediatric emergency department (ED) with an asthma exacerbation between July 1, 2018, and June 30, 2021. Patients who received at least 1 dose of dexamethasone and had an <i>International Classification of Diseases</i>, 10th revision (ICD-10) code for asthma were included. The primary end point was the rate of return visits to the ED within 30 days and 31 to 90 days. Secondary end points included incidence of hospitalization and intubation, length of stay, dexamethasone dosing discrepancies, other corticosteroids or adjunctive therapies used, and medication escalation at discharge. The incidences of vomiting, hyperglycemia, and hypertension were also evaluated. Descriptive statistics were used for categoric variables and a Kaplan-Meier survival curve and Cox regression evaluated the primary outcome.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 252 patients were included, 162 in the standardized dosing group and 90 in the weight-based group. There was no difference in return visits at 30 days and 31 to 90 days (3.1 vs 4.4, p = 0.58; and 3.7 vs 7.8, p = 0.16). The standardized group had a statistically significant shorter length of stay and lower ipratropium and magnesium use compared with the weight-based group. However, hospitalization rates were lower overall in the weight-based group. The incidences of vomiting, hyperglycemia, and hypertension were similar.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A standardized dosing strategy for dexamethasone in pediatric asthma exacerbations showed favorable outcomes and may lead to improved adherence.</p>","PeriodicalId":37484,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Pharmacology and Therapeutics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10715385/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138811528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}