Studies in Microeconomics最新文献

{"title":"On the Strategic Complementarity of Skilled Workers and Technological Innovation: Which Determines Which?","authors":"E. Accinelli, Armando García, E. Carrera, Jorge Zazueta","doi":"10.1177/23210222211024383","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/23210222211024383","url":null,"abstract":"In this document, we analyse the strategic complementarity between technological investment and investment in training by workers. We show that, beyond the importance of the answer to the question about which factor determines which, initial minimal conditions in both factors are required to start a long-run social development process. If these minimums are not met, the economy can become a self-satisfied economy, with a social mediocre performance but, at least in the short run, successful from the individual point of view. We consider that either manager of firms as workers are rational agents who make decisions about their future behaviour, considering the current state of the economy, understanding for such, the percentage of innovative and non-innovative firms in the market and the percentage of skilled and unskilled workers in the labour market. While managers decide the best way to invest, workers decide whether to invest or not in the upgrade or in the development of their skills to face the new challenges posed by technological change. The evolution of the economy is summarized in a complex dynamical system represented by a coupled dynamical system very close to the replicator dynamics considered in evolutionary game theory. In this way, we show that the initial conditions play a crucial role to understand the possibilities of future performance of the economy in each country, and, on the other hand, we analyse the conditions that make possible or necessary the intervention of the government in the economy. JEL Classifications: C72, C73, O11, O55, K42","PeriodicalId":37410,"journal":{"name":"Studies in Microeconomics","volume":"11 1","pages":"206 - 234"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43267953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SARS-CoV-2 Infection Fatality Rates in India: Systematic Review, Meta-analysis and Model-based Estimation","authors":"Lauren Zimmermann, Subarna Bhattacharya, S. Purkayastha, Ritoban Kundu, Ritwik Bhaduri, Parikshit Ghosh, B. Mukherjee","doi":"10.1177/23210222211054324","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/23210222211054324","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Fervourous investigation and dialogue surrounding the true number of SARS-CoV-2-related deaths and implied infection fatality rates in India have been ongoing throughout the pandemic, and especially pronounced during the nation’s devastating second wave. We aim to synthesize the existing literature on the true SARS-CoV-2 excess deaths and infection fatality rates (IFR) in India through a systematic search followed by viable meta-analysis. We then provide updated epidemiological model-based estimates of the wave 1, wave 2 and combined IFRs using an extension of the Susceptible-Exposed-Infected-Removed (SEIR) model, using data from 1 April 2020 to 30 June 2021. Methods: Following PRISMA guidelines, the databases PubMed, Embase, Global Index Medicus, as well as BioRxiv, MedRxiv and SSRN for preprints (accessed through iSearch), were searched on 3 July 2021 (with results verified through 15 August 2021). Altogether, using a two-step approach, 4,765 initial citations were screened, resulting in 37 citations included in the narrative review and 19 studies with 41datapoints included in the quantitative synthesis. Using a random effects model with DerSimonian-Laird estimation, we meta-analysed IFR1, which is defined as the ratio of the total number of observed reported deaths divided by the total number of estimated infections, and IFR2 (which accounts for death underreporting in the numerator of IFR1). For the latter, we provided lower and upper bounds based on the available range of estimates of death undercounting, often arising from an excess death calculation. The primary focus is to estimate pooled nationwide estimates of IFRs with the secondary goal of estimating pooled regional and state-specific estimates for SARS-CoV-2-related IFRs in India. We also tried to stratify our empirical results across the first and second waves. In tandem, we presented updated SEIR model estimates of IFRs for waves 1, 2, and combined across the waves with observed case and death count data from 1 April 2020 to 30 June 2021. Results: For India, countrywide, the underreporting factors (URF) for cases (sourced from serosurveys) range from 14.3 to 29.1 in the four nationwide serosurveys; URFs for deaths (sourced from excess deaths reports) range from 4.4 to 11.9 with cumulative excess deaths ranging from 1.79 to 4.9 million (as of June 2021). Nationwide pooled IFR1 and IFR2 estimates for India are 0.097% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.067–0.140) and 0.365% (95% CI: 0.264–0.504) to 0.485% (95% CI: 0.344–0.685), respectively, again noting that IFR2 changes as excess deaths estimates vary. Among the included studies in this meta-analysis, IFR1 generally appears to decrease over time from the earliest study end date to the latest study end date (from 4 June 2020 to 6 July 2021, IFR1 changed from 0.199 to 0.055%), whereas a similar trend is not as readily evident for IFR2 due to the wide variation in excess death estimates (from 4 June 2020 to 6 July 2021, IFR","PeriodicalId":37410,"journal":{"name":"Studies in Microeconomics","volume":"9 1","pages":"137 - 179"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45972698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Location Choice of a Partially–Private Monopoly Supplier","authors":"Doriani Lingga, D. Simanjuntak","doi":"10.1177/23210222211032108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/23210222211032108","url":null,"abstract":"This paper analyzes the location choice of an upstream monopolist who supplies input to asymmetric duopoly firms in a downstream market. The monopolist is partially private, in that it cares not only about its profit maximization but also about the survival of the downstream firms. Based on the Hotelling model, we find that the monopolist is always attracted to locate closer to the efficient downstream firm. In particular, when the efficiency difference between the two downstream firms is not too high, such that no firm is driven out of the market, the monopolist locates at a distance of 1/6 from the efficient firm in the line segment of unit length. Finally, considering the downstream firms’ survival, we show that the upstream monopolist charges a higher input price on the efficient firm. This study may be relevant to the product differentiation framework, in which firms can benefit from producing goods that are close to the preference of high-type consumers; to the pharmaceutical industry, in which pharmacy companies must cover a broad market segment; or to the policymaking process, in which policymakers may have an incentive to make a policy preferred by a particular group of the society. JEL Classifications: D42, L12, L230","PeriodicalId":37410,"journal":{"name":"Studies in Microeconomics","volume":"10 1","pages":"106 - 121"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44897243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Household’s Saving Behaviour in Pakistan: A Micro-Data Analysis","authors":"Naeem Akram","doi":"10.1177/23210222211024377","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/23210222211024377","url":null,"abstract":"Savings play a very crucial role in the economic development of a country by financing investment needs. Household savings are the major and dominant component of national savings in Pakistan. The present study aims to analyse the impact of various socio-economic factors in determining the household savings in Pakistan by using the data of Household Integrated Income and Consumption Survey (HIICS) 2015–2016. It has been found that household’s savings tend to increase with income, living in nucleus family, house ownership, receiving remittances from abroad and being involved in agriculture; and saving tends to decrease with an increase in dependency ratio; and wealth has an insignificant role in determining savings in both urban and rural households. However, education and female labour force participation had a positive relationship with saving among urban households but the relationship is insignificant in rural households. Similarly, age of household head hurts saving in urban households and the relationship is insignificant in rural households. JEL Classifications: E21, D91, C31","PeriodicalId":37410,"journal":{"name":"Studies in Microeconomics","volume":"11 1","pages":"139 - 156"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45842974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Модели и сценарии развития социально-экономических систем","authors":"Марина Николаевна Юденко, Санкт–Петербургский государственный архитектурно–строительный университет","doi":"10.33917/mic-4.99.2021.5-11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33917/mic-4.99.2021.5-11","url":null,"abstract":"В статье определена цель исследования, заключающаяся в необходимости проведения анализа существующих и прогнозируемых моделей и сценариев развития российских социально-экономических систем. Анализ осуществлен исходя из понимания социально-экономической системы как частичного образа реальности в индивидуальном или общественном сознании. Приведено краткое описание существующих социально-экономических моделей в России и стратегий их развития. Сделан вывод о важности выбора методов описания моделей развития социально-экономических систем. Выявлены цели и недостатки предлагаемых методов описания модели развития социально-экономических систем.","PeriodicalId":37410,"journal":{"name":"Studies in Microeconomics","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84434682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Противодействие манипулированию рынком в системе обеспечения экономической безопасности фондового рынка","authors":"Александр Павлович Опальский, Главное управление криминалистики Следственного комитета Р Федерации, Мурманский филиал РАНХиГС","doi":"10.33917/mic-4.99.2021.94-103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33917/mic-4.99.2021.94-103","url":null,"abstract":"В системе обеспечения экономической безопасности фондового рынка участвуют представители различных объектов экономики страны. В первую очередь, это органы контроля бирж – организаторов торгов, на которых выявляются сомнительные сделки. Специалисты Департамента противодействия недобросовестным практикам Центрального банка Российской Федерации осуществляют проверки выявленных нарушений и принимают решение о привлечении виновника к административной ответственности либо передаче материалов проверки в правоохранительные органы по подследственности. Среди недобросовестных практик наиболее часто встречается такое спекулятивное явление как манипулирование рынком, общественная опасность которого состоит в причинении существенного вреда интересам граждан и юридических лиц, общества и экономики в целом, подрывая доверие инвесторов и участников торговли к организованным финансовым и товарным рынкам, ухудшая условия для инвестирования и торговли на них, препятствуя их эффективному развитию и укреплению международной конкурентоспособности.","PeriodicalId":37410,"journal":{"name":"Studies in Microeconomics","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89063328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Анализ эмоциональных предпочтений в имиджеобразующем пространстве","authors":"С.В. Закускин, Ооо Агентство, Компас Рисерч","doi":"10.33917/mic-4.99.2021.42-56","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33917/mic-4.99.2021.42-56","url":null,"abstract":"Рассмотрена задача анализа потребительских идеалов в имиджеобразующем пространстве с акцентом на корректность применения методов и интерпретации результатов. Представлены принципы и алгоритмы исследования эмоциональных предпочтений целевой группы на базе выявления имиджеобразующих факторов, которые определяют рыночные процессы, и построения эмоциональных образов идеальных товаров/ торговых марок/ фирм в восприятии представителей целевой группы. Обсуждаются вопросы продвижения товара/ торговой марки/ фирмы на основе анализа потребительских идеалов в эмоциональной сфере. Приведены примеры решения с использованием представленного подхода практических задач выявления факторов эмоционального предпочтения товаров/ торговых марок/ фирм, построения их идеальных образов в пространстве эмоционального предпочтения, анализа конфигурации идеальных образов, разработки стратегии и существенных деталей продвижения. Данная статья является продолжением исследования автора, представленного в №2(97) и №3(98) журнала за 2021 г.","PeriodicalId":37410,"journal":{"name":"Studies in Microeconomics","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83105855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"О совершенствовании модели государственного управления в сфере науки, технологий и инноваций","authors":"Сергей Федорович Остапюк, Институт проблем рынка Ран, Вячеслав Петрович Фетисов","doi":"10.33917/mic-4.99.2021.12-21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33917/mic-4.99.2021.12-21","url":null,"abstract":"В статье рассмотрены основные изменения систем управления в сфере науки, технологий и инноваций, задачи, функции и полномочия субъектов управления в связи с принятием новой редакции Конституции Российской Федерации, Федерального конституционного закона «О Правительстве Российской Федерации», указов Президента Российской Федерации и ряда иных правовых актов. Предложено создать в структуре Правительства РФ вневедомственный федеральный орган исполнительной власти, основной задачей которого будет организация и координация внедрения достижений науки и технологий в реальный сектор производства. Сформулированы задачи, функции и полномочия такого органа управления.","PeriodicalId":37410,"journal":{"name":"Studies in Microeconomics","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87964299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Социальная ответственность, конкурентоспособность компании и создание ценности","authors":"Виктория Ивановна Пятанова, Иван Андреевич Пятанов","doi":"10.33917/mic-4.99.2021.63-70","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33917/mic-4.99.2021.63-70","url":null,"abstract":"Многие компании продолжают рассматривать создание ценности слишком односторонне, стремясь максимизировать краткосрочные финансовые результаты, и игнорируя влияние более широкого набора факторов, которые определяют долгосрочную конкурентоспособность. Признание потребности в новой парадигме конкурентоспособности, опирающейся на комплексный подход, с учетом финансовых и нефинансовых целей, уже есть среди стратегических мыслителей и успешных бизнес-лидеров, на практике появляются многообещающие элементы новой модели. Пока для многих компаний вопросы социальной ответственности остаются факультативными, не обязательными к включению в стратегическую повестку дня. Усилия в этом направлении остаются на периферии, а не в центре внимания менеджеров. В статье рассматривается взаимосвязь между социальной ответственностью, конкурентоспособностью компании и созданием ценности.","PeriodicalId":37410,"journal":{"name":"Studies in Microeconomics","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75262716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Зарубежный опыт управления пространственным развитием: муниципальный аспект","authors":"Р.А. Кулиев, Ано, Институт деловой карьеры","doi":"10.33917/mic-4.99.2021.88-93","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33917/mic-4.99.2021.88-93","url":null,"abstract":"Статья посвящена рассмотрению зарубежной практики управления пространственным развитием на муниципальном уровне. Рассмотрен теоретический вектор управления пространственным развитием регионов, показаны участники этого процесса. Анализируются наиболее важные направления практической деятельности местных органов власти, регулирующие структуру управления пространственным развитием. С учетом зарубежной практики управления пространственным развитием на муниципальном уровне, сделан вывод о необходимости более широкого межрегионального взаимодействия российских территорий, повышения уровня их инфраструктурного обеспечения, более инициативного вовлечения муниципалитетов в хозяйственную деятельность.","PeriodicalId":37410,"journal":{"name":"Studies in Microeconomics","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75602202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}