B. Park, M. Eady, B. Oakley, S. Yoon, K. Lawrence, G. Gamble
{"title":"Hyperspectral microscope imaging methods for multiplex detection of Campylobacter","authors":"B. Park, M. Eady, B. Oakley, S. Yoon, K. Lawrence, G. Gamble","doi":"10.1255/JSI.2019.A6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1255/JSI.2019.A6","url":null,"abstract":"Campylobacter is an emerging zoonotic bacterial threat in the poultry industry. The current methods for the isolation\u0000 and detection of Campylobacter are culture-based techniques with several selective agars designed to isolate\u0000Campylobacter colonies, which is time-consuming, labour intensive and has low sensitivity. Several immunological and\u0000molecular techniques such as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Latex agglutination are commercially\u0000available for the detection and identification of Campylobacter. However, these methods demand more advanced\u0000instruments as well as specially trained experts. A hyperspectral microscope imaging (HMI) technique with the\u0000fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH) technique has the potential for multiplex foodborne pathogen detection. Using\u0000Alexa488 and Cy3 fluorophores, the HMI (450–800 nm) technique was able to identify Campylobacter jejuni stains with\u0000high sensitivity and specificity. In addition, HMI was able to classify six bacteria using scattering intensity from their\u0000spectra without a FISH fluorophore. Overall classification accuracy of quadratic discriminant analysis (QDA) method for\u0000six bacteria including Bifidobacter longum, Campylobacter jejuni, Clostridium perfringens, Enterobacter cloacae,\u0000Lactobacillus salivarius and Shigella flexneri using the HMI technique without fluorescent markers was approximately 88.6\u0000% with pixel-wise classification.","PeriodicalId":37385,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Spectral Imaging","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46469423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Hyperspectral imaging as a tool for assessing coral health utilising natural fluorescence","authors":"J. Teague, J. Willans, M. Allen, T. Scott, J. Day","doi":"10.1255/JSI.2019.A7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1255/JSI.2019.A7","url":null,"abstract":"Fluorescent proteins are a crucial visualisation tool in a myriad of research fields including cell biology,\u0000microbiology and medicine. Fluorescence is a result of the absorption of electromagnetic radiation at one wavelength and\u0000its reemission at a longer wavelength. Coral communities exhibit a natural fluorescence which can be used to distinguish\u0000between diseased and healthy specimens, however, current methods, such as the underwater visual census, are\u0000expensive and time-consuming constituting many manned dive hours. We propose the use of a remotely operated vehicle\u0000mounted with a novel hyperspectral fluorescence imaging (HyFI) “payload” for more rapid surveying and data collection.\u0000We have tested our system in a laboratory environment on common coral species including Seriatopora spp., Montipora\u0000verrucosa, Montipora spp., Montipora capricornis, Echinopora lamellose, Euphyllia ancora, Pocillopora damicornis and\u0000Montipora confusa. With the aid of hyperspectral imaging, the coral specimens’ emission wavelengths can be accurately\u0000assessed by capturing the emission spectra of the corals when excited with light emitting diodes (395–405 and 440 nm).\u0000Fluorescence can also provide an indicator of coral bleaching as shown in our bleaching experiment where we observe\u0000fluorescence reduction alongside coral bleaching.","PeriodicalId":37385,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Spectral Imaging","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45890045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Williams, Terri-Lee Kammies, P. Gouws, M. Manley
{"title":"Effect of colony age on near infrared hyperspectral images of foodborne bacteria","authors":"P. Williams, Terri-Lee Kammies, P. Gouws, M. Manley","doi":"10.1255/JSI.2019.A5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1255/JSI.2019.A5","url":null,"abstract":"Near infrared hyperspectral imaging (NIR-HSI) and multivariate image analysis were used to distinguish between\u0000foodborne pathogenic bacteria, Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, Salmonella Enteritidis, Staphylococcus aureus and a non-\u0000pathogenic bacterium, Staphylococcus epidermidis. Hyperspectral images of bacteria, streaked out on Luria—Bertani agar,\u0000 were acquired after 20 h, 40 h and 60 h growth at 37 °C using a SisuCHEMA hyperspectral pushbroom imaging system\u0000with a spectral range of 920–2514 nm. Three different pre-processing methods: standard normal variate (SNV),\u0000Savitzky—Golay (1stderivative, 2nd order polynomial, 15-point smoothing) and Savitzky—Golay (2nd derivative, 3rd order\u0000polynomial, 15-point smoothing) were evaluated. SNV provided the most distinct clustering in the principal component\u0000score plots and was thus used as the sole pre-processing method. Partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA)\u0000models were developed for each growth period and was tested on a second set of plates, to determine the effect the age\u0000 of the colony has on classification accuracies. The highest overall prediction accuracies where test plates required the\u0000least amount of growth time, was found with models built after 60 h growth and tested on plates after 20 h growth.\u0000Predictions for bacteria differentiation within these models ranged from 83.1 % to 98.8 % correctly predicted\u0000pixels.","PeriodicalId":37385,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Spectral Imaging","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44249662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Application of hyperspectral imaging and chemometrics for classifying plastics with brominated flame\u0000retardants","authors":"D. Caballero, M. Bevilacqua, J. Amigo","doi":"10.1255/JSI.2019.A1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1255/JSI.2019.A1","url":null,"abstract":"Most plastics need to incorporate flame retardants to meet fire safety standards requirements. The amount and the\u0000 type of flame retardants can differ, so that in waste plastics a large variety of polymers and flame retardants can be\u0000found. The recycling of plastics containing flame retardants is increasing. However, only plastics of the same polymer type\u0000 and the same additive content can be recycled together. Three models based on different chemometrics techniques\u0000applied to hyperspectral imaging in the near infrared range were developed [partial least square-discriminant analysis,\u0000decision tree (DT) and hierarchical model (HM)]. Optimal results were obtained for all classification techniques. HM shows\u0000the highest error at all levels due to the noisy spectra of the black plastics. However, DT classification gave outstanding\u0000results, considering that the sensitivity was higher than 0.9 in all cases. Thus, the application of DT with hyperspectral\u0000imaging could be used to sort plastic samples with respect to the type of polymer and the flame retardant used with a high\u0000degree of accuracy in an automated way. These findings are highly valuable for the plastic and waste management\u0000industries.","PeriodicalId":37385,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Spectral Imaging","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45493457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}