Social And Political Researches最新文献

{"title":"The issue of institutional effectiveness of the system of patriotic education in the regions of Siberian federal district","authors":"T. Aseeva","doi":"10.20323/2658-428x-2022-2-15-59-75","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20323/2658-428x-2022-2-15-59-75","url":null,"abstract":"The article attempts to assess some aspects of the system of patriotic education of young people in two regions of the Siberian federal district (SFD) – Krasnoyarsk krai (KK) and Irkutsk oblast (IO). The aim of the paper is to compare the quantitative results of the patriotic education work in the regions with the ideas of high-school children about the way such work should be organized. Thus, the nature of patriotic organizations and institutions engaged in patriotic education of young people is analyzed. The key patriotic activities are identified. The financing of patriotic programs and projects is compared. A comparative analysis of the number of participants of patriotic organizations, their involvement in Internet communications, through social networks is carried out. The results of the analysis show that the systems of patriotic education in the studied regions have different funding. At the same time, the number of patriotic education events is quite large and meet objectives of the “Patriotic education of citizens of the Russian Federation” federal project. However, despite the efforts made by the subjects of patriotic education, schoolchildren show poor awareness and involvement in patriotic events. Giving preference to the classical agents of patriotic education, schoolchildren still believe that patriotism should be developed without pressure from institutionalized subjects. They opt for watching feature films and reading patriotic literature as desired impact, while their experience is mostly limited by visiting museums of different levels. Innovations providing for values and expectations of the younger generation should be introduced to increase the effectiveness of the system of patriotic education and boost patriotic feelings among young people.","PeriodicalId":373836,"journal":{"name":"Social And Political Researches","volume":"72 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115546469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Youth unemployment in the regions as the most important socio-economic problem","authors":"Ludmila G. Batrakova","doi":"10.20323/2658-428x-2021-2-11-57-75","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20323/2658-428x-2021-2-11-57-75","url":null,"abstract":"Currently, one of the most important socio-economic problems in the world is youth unemployment. Many scientists are engaged in the analysis of this problem, it is considered in the UN Development Programs, the last of which noted that today the world is home to the largest number of young people in the history of mankind. An important issue is the definition of the essential characteristics of the concept of “youth”, since at present there is no single international definition of the age group of young people. For statistical purposes, the age limits for young people are set by the UN Convention and are 15–24 years old. In Russia, before the adoption of the Federal Law “On Youth Policy in the Russian Federation” in 2020, the population aged from 16 to 30 years was considered young, and after the adoption of the Law – from 14 to 35 years. Rosstat annually analyzes the age groups of the population by various parameters: number, education, employment, unemployment, etc., and also calculates indicators, including the level of youth unemployment, the ratio of the level of youth unemployment to the level of unemployment among the adult population. An important aspect of the analysis is the regional level. In many regions of Russia, the situation on the labor market due to the coronavirus pandemic is characterized by instability. It is noted that at the end of 2020, the unemployment rate increased in 82 regions and the highest rates in Ingushetia, the Chechen Republic, and the Republic of Tyva. The problem of modern society is a large proportion of young people who do not study and do not work. Young people have great potential, but despite this, they are experiencing difficulties in finding employment, as a result, the number of NEET youth who are exposed to social exclusion and poverty is growing. The European program “Youth in Action” addresses the problems of young people through the interaction of labor markets and educational services. An important factor that reduces youth unemployment is education.","PeriodicalId":373836,"journal":{"name":"Social And Political Researches","volume":"122 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124178222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of technologies of youth’s political participation in Moscow","authors":"D. Golovin","doi":"10.20323/2658-428x-2022-3-16-80-93","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20323/2658-428x-2022-3-16-80-93","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":373836,"journal":{"name":"Social And Political Researches","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124375865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"State policy in the field of volunteering: trends and prospects (on the example of the city of Yaroslavl)","authors":"M. A. Zaitseva, S. Talanov","doi":"10.20323/2658-428X-2021-1-10-38-57","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20323/2658-428X-2021-1-10-38-57","url":null,"abstract":"The article raises the issues of the development of the volunteer movement. In the framework of the presented sociological study, conducted in march – october 2020 by a group of scientists of the Yaroslavl state pedagogical university named after K. D. Ushinsky, the attitude of the residents of Yaroslavl to volunteerism and their understanding of this activity is studied. The authors made an attempt to identify the motives that may encourage the population to participate in volunteerism, and the main reasons for the low level of volunteerism in the region. The authors found that a significant part of the city's residents have no experience of volunteering. There is such an experience mainly among schoolchildren, students and working youth. At the same time, the majority of respondents, regardless of age and gender characteristics, positively assesses volunteer activity and considers it extremely relevant at the present time. Minors, regardless of gender, are also convinced of the demand for volunteering, but do not know how to become a volunteer. The same trend with regard to volunteering is observed among working youth, employees and people over 50 years of age. At the same time, the survey showed the reluctance of the majority of residents, regardless of age and gender, to engage in volunteer activities. It was found that the main reason for refusing to participate in volunteering is the lack of interest in this type of activity, and the motivation for it, according to the majority of respondents, is the need to help people. According to the results of the study, it is obvious that this need is primarily possessed by women. Based on the results obtained, recommendations are made and measures are proposed to improve the effectiveness of state policy in the development of the volunteer movement.","PeriodicalId":373836,"journal":{"name":"Social And Political Researches","volume":"150 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114752067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regional development in Russia's catching up innovation economy","authors":"Ludmila G. Batrakova","doi":"10.20323/2658-428x-2021-3-12-37-55","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20323/2658-428x-2021-3-12-37-55","url":null,"abstract":"In the modern economy of Russia, an important role is played by technologies, which are given a significant place in the concept of innovative development. The fundamental direction of this development is research and development in the field of technologies, production of products, provision of services, which is the basis for the growth of the standard of living of the population. In view of the increasing role of territorial differentiation, the analysis of regional development in the catching-up innovative economy of Russia becomes relevant, since technological lag cannot but affect the efficiency of production. This is clearly demonstrated by the integrated ratings of socio-economic and scientific-technological development of the regions of the Russian Federation. The existing models of innovative development are based on the concepts of advanced and catch-up development. The Strategy of innovative development of Russia indicates that the country is focused on the re-equipment of the economy, based on imported technologies, which corresponds to the catch-up type of development. For Russia, the option of leadership in those segments of the economy where competitive advantages are created is possible, while advanced development should take place not only in the economic sphere, but also in the social sphere. The problem of catching up with innovative economic development is a new one that requires detailed study, both in theoretical and analytical aspects. In addition, special attention should be paid to the analysis of the possibilities of implementing the strategy of advanced and catch-up innovative development in the regions of Russia, as well as the creation of territories of advanced socio-economic development and special economic zones. In many regions of the Russian Federation, there are enterprises that produce world-class products that will allow them to be leaders. One of the most common areas of innovation activity in the regions is the introduction of new technologies in the housing and utilities system and transport infrastructure.","PeriodicalId":373836,"journal":{"name":"Social And Political Researches","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114919156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a methodology for evaluating projects of socially oriented non-profit organizations","authors":"Yuliya V. Gimazova","doi":"10.20323/2658-428x-2021-3-12-24-36","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20323/2658-428x-2021-3-12-24-36","url":null,"abstract":"The article substantiates the need to develop issues of methodology for assessing projects of socially oriented non-profit organizations, such as: ambiguous understanding by the scientific and expert community of the importance and essence of assessing social projects, its place and role in the activities of socially oriented non-profit organizations; eclecticism of the existing methodological approaches in the Russian practice of assessing social projects; underdevelopment of technologies for evaluating projects of socially oriented non-profit organizations (SO NPOs) by the organizations themselves, donors and regional government bodies. Evaluation is defined as a well-grounded judgment about the merits and demerits of a social project with a conclusion about the degree of usefulness of this project based on the relevant criteria, indicators and indicators and differs in several types: by subjects of assessment, by objects of assessment, by terms of assessment. It is emphasized that within the framework of this article the author is interested in the following areas of assessment: evaluation of applications of NPOs prepared for various competitions; assessment of the activities of NPOs for the implementation of the project; assessment of the results and consequences of the implementation of the social project. It is noted that the standards for assessing the activities of SO NPOs are developed by regional government bodies, which also form registers of SO NPOs. It is emphasized that this activity – the replenishment of registers and the development of specialized standards – is carried out in the regions extremely unevenly and fragmentarily, that no more than 5 % of the total number of registered NPOs got into the registers. At the same time, the activity of advanced regions (Perm Territory, Sverdlovsk Region) is highlighted, which were able to creatively adapt the corresponding recommendations of federal state authorities and create a normal mechanism for distributing subsidies between NPOs – grantees.","PeriodicalId":373836,"journal":{"name":"Social And Political Researches","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125768151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Public participation in general educational organization management","authors":"Nikolai A. Shobonov","doi":"10.20323/2658-428x-2022-2-15-93-106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20323/2658-428x-2022-2-15-93-106","url":null,"abstract":"Public participation in the management of an educational organization, which has a tradition in Russian educational practice since the XVIII century, is an integral part of its management activities. One of the fundamental principles of the relationship between the state and its citizens is the right of society to participate in governance. The state in educational policy, the National project “Education” considers the formation of state-public management of an educational organization as a priority in its activities, understanding the importance of public participation in education management. At the federal level, the rights and obligations of participants in educational relations are defined. The article gives several definitions of the concept of state-public management of education, which reveal the essence of this process. Most Russian scientists understand the state-public management of education as constant participation in the management and interaction of two subjects expressing the interests, policies of both the state and the interests of society and the population. The author analyzes the historical experience of managing education with public participation, noting that the insufficient development of democratic institutions in Russia until the second half of the XIX century prevented the establishment of a dialogue between the authorities and society in matters of education. The Zemstvo reform of 1864 became the catalyst for the process of public participation in the management of education. Further, the author characterizes the activities of public governing bodies of educational organizations, such as the School Council, the governing council, the board of trustees, etc. The article presents a theoretical understanding of the forms of public administration, examples of successful educational practices are given. The federal law “On Education in the Russian Federation” defined the requirements for taking into account public opinion when making a number of managerial decisions by the heads of educational organizations, granted the right to teachers, students and their parents to participate in management. Emphasis is placed on a list of a number of reasons that impede the development of public participation in the management of a general educational organization, and directions for optimizing the management process are proposed.","PeriodicalId":373836,"journal":{"name":"Social And Political Researches","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128697383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Innovative organizational and economic approaches towards the consolidation of municipalities (on the example of the creation of the Cherepovets Municipal District)","authors":"Yuri V. Korechkov, V. Velikorossov, Grazyna R. Ona","doi":"10.20323/2658-428x-2021-3-12-56-71","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20323/2658-428x-2021-3-12-56-71","url":null,"abstract":"The reform of local self-government in Russia, initiated in 2003, led to the creation of a large number of municipalities, a comprehensive analysis of which showed that they are heterogeneous neither in terms of socio-economic development nor in terms of their own income security. Such a territorial change did not take into account many factors, and as a result, a large number of economically and financially insolvent territories were formed. Currently, there is a tendency to reduce the number of municipalities, in this regard, studies on the possibility of implementing measures to consolidate them are relevant. As a social institution, local self-government helps to find the optimal combination of the interests of the state with the interests of the municipality. The article reveals innovative organizational and managerial approaches to the consolidation of municipalities, which consist in the application of the institutionalization of the system of managerial relations, which includes the regulatory support of the process of local self-government, the system of regulation in the field of municipal relations, SWOT analysis of the process of consolidation of municipalities, etc. The development of inter-budgetary relations actualizes the problem of including local self-government in the system of federal relations, since the delegation of authority to manage settlements allows creating a system of financial and economic interaction between different levels of authorities. The prospects, opportunities and problems of creating the Cherepovets municipal district are identified. Based on the analysis of socio-economic data of the Cherepovets district of the Vologda region, the positive aspects of creating a municipal district are justified: increasing budget revenues by stopping the payment of “negative transfer”, optimizing the management apparatus of settlement administrations, effectively solving local problems, a unified approach to tax policy, optimizing costs by centralizing purchases, etc. There are also negative aspects of the transformation of the district into a district, which include: problems with the employment of municipal service settlements, the “remoteness” of the authorities from the population, the unsettled regulatory framework at the federal level.","PeriodicalId":373836,"journal":{"name":"Social And Political Researches","volume":"329 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125667665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"State policy in the field of higher education in the Russian Federation: aspects of its implementation in Central federal district universities","authors":"S. Talanov","doi":"10.20323/2658-428x-2022-2-15-39-58","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20323/2658-428x-2022-2-15-39-58","url":null,"abstract":"Within the framework of the sociological study presented in the article, priority areas of educational policy in the Russian Federation are studied. As part of the study, representatives of faculty (associate professors, professors, head of departments, deans) from head (basic, classical) regional universities of the Central Federal District were selectively interviewed. The data of the Federal State Statistics Service of Russia, the results of sociological research conducted by employees of the Institute of Sociology of the Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, and regulatory legal and by-laws governing the field of higher education were studied. In addition, the federal budget expenditures for the implementation of particularly significant measures in the field of higher education were analyzed. It was established that regardless of gender, age, job characteristics, the attitude towards the reduction (unification) of universities is negative. Moreover, that part of the teachers who worked at the university, annexed (liquidated) as institutes or faculties, is more satisfied with the unification of universities than that part of the teachers working at the university to which they joined. It is believed that the main criterion for assessing the university is the research conducted by teachers (articles, books, monographs, etc.) and the number of doctors and candidates of sciences. It was revealed that a significant part of the respondents have a negative attitude towards the accession of the Russian Federation to the Bologna process. The higher the age and position held at the university, the more negative the attitude towards the two-level training system (bachelormaster). In addition, it was established that the majority, regardless of their positions, gender and age characteristics, as well as the specialization of the university, earn extra money. Measures are proposed to improve Russian state policy in the field of higher education.","PeriodicalId":373836,"journal":{"name":"Social And Political Researches","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132155664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The phenomenon of “social success” in the discourse of the problem of socially successful teenager formation","authors":"Larisa Yu. Pavlova","doi":"10.20323/2658-428x-2022-4-17-113-125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20323/2658-428x-2022-4-17-113-125","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":373836,"journal":{"name":"Social And Political Researches","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130228637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}