ZARCHPub Date : 2022-09-02DOI: 10.26754/ojs_zarch/zarch.2022186187
David Delgado Baudet
{"title":"Desde la periferia española: obra inicial de las arquitectas canarias Magüi González y Maribel Correa","authors":"David Delgado Baudet","doi":"10.26754/ojs_zarch/zarch.2022186187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26754/ojs_zarch/zarch.2022186187","url":null,"abstract":"Dentro del territorio español, la condición periférica de Canarias supone un agravante para la visibilización del trabajo de sus arquitectas. El presente artículo efectúa un análisis con perspectiva de género del contexto profesional de las arquitectas canarias en los años posteriores al régimen franquista. La lejanía y carácter insular del territorio trajo consigo singularidades que afectaron al proceso formativo de sus profesionales, motivó cambios derivados de la constitución de las autonomías y llevó al colegio profesional de las islas a impulsar ciertas iniciativas para la promoción de la disciplina. Entre ellas destacan la publicación de la revista Basa (1982-2008) y el Premio Manuel Oraá de Arquitectura, que supusieron una ventana de oportunidades para la proyección de las arquitectas isleñas. Los comienzos profesionales de Magüi González y Maribel Correa, egresadas durante la Transición, sirven para evaluar su mirada en la concepción del proyecto arquitectónico y efectuar un análisis metacrítico sobre la recepción de alguna de sus obras dentro del discurso de las narrativas dominantes del momento.","PeriodicalId":37382,"journal":{"name":"ZARCH","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43564840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ZARCHPub Date : 2022-09-02DOI: 10.26754/ojs_zarch/zarch.2022185884
Rebecca Siefert
{"title":"The Women of Chicago Public Housing. Architects of their Own ‘Homeplace’","authors":"Rebecca Siefert","doi":"10.26754/ojs_zarch/zarch.2022185884","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26754/ojs_zarch/zarch.2022185884","url":null,"abstract":"The story of public housing in Chicago, and the rest of the United States for that matter, tends to fixate on negative images of housing projects built between c. 1940-1960, like Cabrini-Green or Wentworth Gardens. Now that so many of the buildings have been demolished (or “redeveloped”) and scholars, institutions, and the general public have begun to untangle the complexity of the history of public housing in the U.S., it is time to move beyond the damaging narratives and negative imagery to better understand how women persevered and adapted to ensure they and their families not only had basic needs met, but also had access to safe spaces, key facilities, and opportunities for community-building, joy, and pride in their home. This paper explores connections between issues of architecture and the impact of women on the design and reform of Cabrini-Green, Wentworth Gardens, and other key examples, to demonstrate how women residents helped shape the built environment of public housing in Chicago through organizing, activism, and the appropriation of space based on everyday needs and use. Through an analysis of photographs documenting the interiors of Cabrini-Green and using a theoretical framework that combines feminist theorist bell hooks’ notion of the ‘homeplace’ as a ‘site of resistance’ (1990) with architectural historian Dell Upton’s concept of the ‘cultural landscape’ (1991), this paper proposes that we modify our current definition of an “Architect” and in fact consider these public housing residents ‘architects of their own homeplace’.","PeriodicalId":37382,"journal":{"name":"ZARCH","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43969640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ZARCHPub Date : 2022-09-02DOI: 10.26754/ojs_zarch/zarch.2022186189
Antonio Cantero Vinuesa, Lina Toro Ocampo
{"title":"Oralidad editada: Reaprendiendo de las respuestas de Denise Scott Brown en la entrevista Relearning from Las Vegas","authors":"Antonio Cantero Vinuesa, Lina Toro Ocampo","doi":"10.26754/ojs_zarch/zarch.2022186189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26754/ojs_zarch/zarch.2022186189","url":null,"abstract":"En la elaboración de una historia de arquitectura más inclusiva, utilizar la historia oral como metodología para acceder a experiencias silenciadas, compartir conocimientos olvidados y trascender el constructo dibujado o construido, resulta esclarecedor. Es posible explorando el papel crucial pero en gran medida olvidado de las entrevistas arquitectónicas: no entrevistas de arquitectos, sino entrevistas hechas por arquitectos. En concreto, la entrevista Relearning from Las Vegas (2000), realizada por Rem Koolhaas en colaboración con Hans Ulrich Obrist a Robert Venturi y Denise Scott Brown. No es casual que los inicios de Koolhaas como entrevistador acontezcan en el Haagse Post, con procesos de edición que eran una herramienta de montaje de transcripciones centradas en lo impopular como ejercicio crítico. La oralidad editada le permite rediseñar el personaje, enfatizar lo que le interesa y eliminar lo que no construye el perfil buscado. Revalorizar algunas respuestas de Scott Brown supone dotar de un valor ensayístico y especulativo al contenido hablado e informal como fuente legítima para reivindicar contribuciones de la entrevistada. Estas prácticas editoriales contrastarán posturas al entrar en territorios resbaladizos de una disciplina que esquiva un realismo a voces para afrontar el futuro con una posición crítica.","PeriodicalId":37382,"journal":{"name":"ZARCH","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48163090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ZARCHPub Date : 2022-09-02DOI: 10.26754/ojs_zarch/zarch.2022186173
C. Ruivo Pereira
{"title":"The Spatiality of Women’s Struggle within Porto’s Residents’ Movement during Portuguese Revolutionary Process (1974-75)","authors":"C. Ruivo Pereira","doi":"10.26754/ojs_zarch/zarch.2022186173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26754/ojs_zarch/zarch.2022186173","url":null,"abstract":"This paper explores the role of women’s struggle within residents’ movements in the production and transformation of space in Porto during the PREC (the Portuguese Revolutionary Process of 1974-1976), analysing the spaces where these movements started, the issues they focused on, and how it related and acted within explicit and implicit views of family and gender relations in institutional approaches to housing development. It also considers how these were mirrored in housing policy options and design paradigms. In this way, by shifting the focus to women’s struggle at the grassroots, looking at those who were both the recipients of houses and actors of an ongoing struggle, this research explores the intersection between class and gender in the processes of housing and urban development.","PeriodicalId":37382,"journal":{"name":"ZARCH","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47536653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ZARCHPub Date : 2022-09-02DOI: 10.26754/ojs_zarch/zarch.2022187261
Fernando Quesada López
{"title":"MARÍA AUXILIADORA GÁLVEZ PÉREZ - Descampados. Caminar los paisajes revolucionarios en la ciudad somática","authors":"Fernando Quesada López","doi":"10.26754/ojs_zarch/zarch.2022187261","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26754/ojs_zarch/zarch.2022187261","url":null,"abstract":"María Auxiliadora Gálvez PérezDescampados. Caminar los paisajes revolucionarios en la ciudad somáticaMadrid: Ediciones Asimétricas, 2022. 160 pp. Tapa blanda. Idioma: español. 25 €ISBN: 978-84-19050-21-2","PeriodicalId":37382,"journal":{"name":"ZARCH","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42637254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ZARCHPub Date : 2022-09-02DOI: 10.26754/ojs_zarch/zarch.2022186179
María-Elia Gutiérrez-Mozo, José Parra-Martínez, Ana Gilsanz-Díaz
{"title":"Fin de siglo en Alicante. La arquitectura y sus arquitectas (1990-1999)","authors":"María-Elia Gutiérrez-Mozo, José Parra-Martínez, Ana Gilsanz-Díaz","doi":"10.26754/ojs_zarch/zarch.2022186179","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26754/ojs_zarch/zarch.2022186179","url":null,"abstract":"Comparada con otros territorios, la provincia de Alicante es un caso excepcional en el panorama español de finales del siglo XX por la cantidad y la calidad de obras de arquitectura realizadas por mujeres. En ella se dan cita reconocidas arquitectas alicantinas y autoras de renombre internacional que trabajan en equipo, a dúo, pero también en solitario, en las más diversas disciplinas y escalas, desde el paisajismo al diseño de interiores, desde los equipamientos a la arquitectura residencial. Este artículo se centra en un periodo particularmente efervescente en la construcción de la identidad (post)moderna del litoral alicantino y de unos años, los noventa, que fueron decisivos en la definición, tanto de los modos de hacer como de los relatos que dan cuenta o silencian la contribución de las mujeres al desarrollo de la cultura arquitectónica local. Desde un triple objetivo, la crítica historiográfica con perspectivas de género y generación, la cartografía de las arquitectas y sus prácticas y, por último, el análisis de proyectos que permitan desvelar algunos rasgos diferenciales de su producción, se aborda el caso de las dos únicas arquitectas afincadas en Alicante que entonces ya firmaban en solitario, Lola Alonso y Carmen Rivera. Esta investigación desvelaría las claves de un obstinado ejercicio de bitextualidad, es decir, de apropiación del discurso androcéntrico, pero también de su incuestionable compromiso con la arquitectura.","PeriodicalId":37382,"journal":{"name":"ZARCH","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43573895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ZARCHPub Date : 2022-09-02DOI: 10.26754/ojs_zarch/zarch.2022186964
Pablo De la Cal Nicolás
{"title":"MIGUEL FERNÁNDEZ MAROTO - Urbanismo y evolución urbana de Valladolid (1979-2012). Del proyecto reformista a la hegemonía de lo inmobiliario","authors":"Pablo De la Cal Nicolás","doi":"10.26754/ojs_zarch/zarch.2022186964","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26754/ojs_zarch/zarch.2022186964","url":null,"abstract":"Miguel Fernández MarotoUrbanismo y evolución urbana de Valladolid (1979-2012). Del proyecto reformista a la hegemonía de lo inmobiliarioValladolid: Ediciones Universidad de Valladolid, 2021. 336 pp. Tapa blanda. Idioma: españolISBN 978-84-1320-149-8","PeriodicalId":37382,"journal":{"name":"ZARCH","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43512596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ZARCHPub Date : 2022-02-01DOI: 10.26754/ojs_zarch/zarch.2021175891
Fernando Nieto Fernández, Rosana Rubio Hernández, Marianna Miettinen
{"title":"Funkkis Mökkis. Paper Huts at the 1932 Enso-Gutzeit Competition in Finland","authors":"Fernando Nieto Fernández, Rosana Rubio Hernández, Marianna Miettinen","doi":"10.26754/ojs_zarch/zarch.2021175891","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26754/ojs_zarch/zarch.2021175891","url":null,"abstract":"Finland lived, in the 1920s and 1930s, through an ephemeral time of peace and enthusiastic ideas in which it began to forge itself as a modern nation. Its borders still unstable, the country used its landscape as a social unifier and an element of national identity. Finland’s incipient welfare state, institutionalised holidays and the democratised consumer goods encouraged a new leisure lifestyle in natural settings. This article studies the recreational housing programme that responded to that demand. The new typology, later called mökki in Finland, was developed during the rise of Nordic functionalism (funkkis in Finnish) – the revision of the romantic villa and the traditional rural housing model, together with the emergence of prefabrication techniques. Among the architectural competitions and drawing albums published on the subject, this article studies the competition run by the Enso-Gutzeit paper company in 1932. Other studies have analysed this competition from constructive, stylistic or historical perspectives. This paper provides a different view by explaining that the competition was a testing ground where one of modern Finnish architecture’s distinctive features was forged: tuning into a constructed idea of nature. This fact is revealed through a graphical analysis of the competition’s proposals, as well as through the incipient personal traits in the work of the promising, young Finnish architects who participated in the competition.","PeriodicalId":37382,"journal":{"name":"ZARCH","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42694881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ZARCHPub Date : 2022-02-01DOI: 10.26754/ojs_zarch/zarch.2021175890
Ricardo Meri de la Maza, Clara Elena Mejía Vallejo
{"title":"Naturalezas apropiadas en las primeras obras de Távora, Siza y Souto de Moura","authors":"Ricardo Meri de la Maza, Clara Elena Mejía Vallejo","doi":"10.26754/ojs_zarch/zarch.2021175890","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26754/ojs_zarch/zarch.2021175890","url":null,"abstract":"Un tema presente en la arquitectura del norte de Portugal es el de la atención a la relación con el lugar y con la naturaleza. Algunas de las primeras obras realizadas por Távora, Siza y Souto de Moura permiten realizar una lectura de aproximaciones heredadas, bien compartidas, bien traducidas o reconvertidas, que ejemplifican la evolución de la arquitectura en esta temática en la segunda mitad del siglo XX. Para ello, vamos a hablar de la apropiación de la naturaleza en términos tanto físicos como culturales, y de lo apropiado tanto desde la óptica de lo adecuado como de lo que se ha hecho propio. En este recorrido, veremos cómo Távora sintetiza la tradición y la arquitectura moderna en la casa de Ofir, partiendo de las condiciones del contorno natural como parámetros que ajustan las herramientas compositivas de la arquitectura a la hora de apropiarse del lugar. También veremos cómo Siza retoma la noción de fragmento de naturaleza acotada que delimita un espacio exterior con las condiciones precisas para la mirada y la relación con el interior, en las que la precisión de la geometría y el posicionamiento exacto en el territorio son fundamentales para la apropiación de la naturaleza. Y, por último, veremos cómo Souto de Moura transforma estas aproximaciones desde una operativa pragmática de la apropiación de un espacio natural acotado y predefinido, incluyendo además la ruina como material natural disponible con el que trabajar.","PeriodicalId":37382,"journal":{"name":"ZARCH","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47812929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ZARCHPub Date : 2022-02-01DOI: 10.26754/ojs_zarch/zarch.2021176132
Zaida Garcia-Requejo
{"title":"SUSAN S. BENJAMIN, MICHELANGELO SABATINO - Modern in the Middle: Chicago Houses 1929-1975","authors":"Zaida Garcia-Requejo","doi":"10.26754/ojs_zarch/zarch.2021176132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26754/ojs_zarch/zarch.2021176132","url":null,"abstract":"Susan S. Benjamin, Michelangelo Sabatino Modern in the Middle: Chicago Houses 1929-1975Nueva York: The Monacelli Press, 2020. 296 p. Tapa dura. Idioma: inglés. 60 $ ISBN 978-1-58093-526-5","PeriodicalId":37382,"journal":{"name":"ZARCH","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41748922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}