Injury Epidemiology最新文献

{"title":"Correction: A methodology for the public health surveillance and epidemiologic analysis of outdoor falls that require an emergency medical services response.","authors":"Andrew G Rundle, Remle P Crowe, Henry E Wang, Alexander X Lo","doi":"10.1186/s40621-023-00469-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40621-023-00469-y","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37379,"journal":{"name":"Injury Epidemiology","volume":"10 1","pages":"56"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10625182/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71487006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pre- and postnatal safe sleep knowledge and planned as compared to actual infant sleep practices.","authors":"Paula Valiño Ramos, Pamela J Hoogerwerf, Penny K Smith, Carolyn Finley, Uche E Okoro, Charles A Jennissen","doi":"10.1186/s40621-023-00467-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40621-023-00467-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Our objectives were to compare safe sleep knowledge, attitudes and planned vs. actual infant sleep practices among expectant mothers before and after their infant's birth and to determine whether differences (if present) were associated with any demographic variables.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Study participants were surveyed at their 28-week prenatal and 6-week postpartum obstetric clinic visits from November 2019-February 2021. Due to COVID-19 pandemic cancellation of in-person postpartum visits, many participants received text messaging encouraging them to take the follow-up survey online. Frequency and comparative analyses were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>355 women (44%) completed both pre- and postnatal surveys. Many participants increased their safe sleep knowledge during the study. For example, of those who were unsure or thought it safe for a baby to sleep in a baby swing/bouncy seat, two-thirds (67/102, 66%) stated it was unsafe on the postnatal survey. In addition, many who were unsure or planned sleep practices considered unsafe prenatally reported utilizing safe sleep practices on their postnatal survey. For example, of those unsure or planning to use a crib bumper (17% of the total), almost all (88%) were not using one postnatally. Conversely, some participants who reported they would be following safe sleep practices prenatally were not doing so postpartum. For example, 13% of those stating they would place their child on their back reported using another sleep position on the postnatal survey. Certain demographics had higher proportions reporting this reversal for specific safe sleep practices. For example, non-Hispanic Whites (19%) as compared to other races/ethnicities (5%) and those with incomes ≥ $75,000 (21%) as compared with those with less income (9%) had higher proportions stating their infant would sleep in the same room but then reported postnatally they were sleeping in a different room, p = 0.0094 and p = 0.0138, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We observed increases in safe sleep knowledge and that some participants followed safer sleep practices than they had planned. However, there were also participants who planned to use safe sleep practices prenatally who were not doing so after their baby's birth. Our study identified demographics for which targeted safe sleep education and more effective interventions may be needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":37379,"journal":{"name":"Injury Epidemiology","volume":"10 Suppl 1","pages":"55"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10601097/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"54231471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Counseling for opioids prescribed at discharge of hospitalized adolescent trauma patients.","authors":"Michael J Mello, Lois K Lee, Emily Christison-Lagay, Anthony Spirito, Sara Becker, Julie Bromberg, Stephanie Ruest, Mark R Zonfrillo, Kelli Scott, Charles Pruitt, Karla Lawson, Isam Nasr, Jeremy Aidlen, Janette Baird","doi":"10.1186/s40621-023-00465-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40621-023-00465-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Expert consensus recommends prescription opioid safety counseling be provided when prescribing an opioid. This may be especially important for youth with preexistent alcohol and other drug (AOD) use who are at higher risk of developing opioid use disorder. This study examined the frequency that adolescent trauma patients prescribed opioids at hospital discharge received counseling and if this differed by adolescents' AOD use.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>This study was embedded within a larger prospective stepped-wedge type III hybrid implementation study of AOD screening across a national cohort of pediatric trauma centers. Data were collected during 2018-2021 from admitted adolescent trauma patients (12-17 yo) at seven centers. Patient data were extracted from the electronic health record (EHR) on any prescribed discharged opioids, documentation of counseling delivered on prescribed opioid, who delivered counseling, and patients' AOD screening results. Additionally, adolescents received an online survey within 30 days of hospital discharge that included asking about hospital discussions on safe use of prescription pain medication.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 247 adolescent trauma patients enrolled, 158 completed the 30-day survey. AOD screening results were documented in the EHR for 139 patients (88%), with 69 (44.1%) screening AOD-positive. Opioids at discharge were prescribed to 86 (54.4%) adolescent patients, with no significant difference between those screened AOD-positive and AOD-negative (42.4% vs. 46.3%, p = 0.89). Counseling was documented in the EHR for 30 (34.9%) of those prescribed an opioid and was not significantly different by sex, age, race, ethnicity or between adolescent patients with documentation of AOD use (29.3%) versus those who did not (33.3%, p = 0.71). According to the adolescent survey, among those prescribed an opioid, 61.2% reported someone had talked with them about safe use of newly prescribed pain medications with again no difference between AOD-positive and AOD-negative screening results (p = 0.34).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Although adolescent trauma patients recalled discussions on safe use of prescribed pain medication more often than was documented in the EHR, these discussions were not universal and did not differ if adolescents had screened positive or negative for AOD use as documented in the EHR.</p><p><strong>Trial registry: </strong>clinicaltrials.gov NCT03297060.</p>","PeriodicalId":37379,"journal":{"name":"Injury Epidemiology","volume":"10 Suppl 1","pages":"53"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10594678/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49692773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preventable tragedies: findings from the #NotAnAccident index of unintentional shootings by children.","authors":"Ashley D Cannon, Kate Reese, Paige Tetens, Kathryn R Fingar","doi":"10.1186/s40621-023-00464-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40621-023-00464-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Between 2015 and 2021, 3,498 Americans died from unintentional gun injuries, including 713 children 17 years and younger. Roughly 30 million American children live in homes with firearms, many of which are loaded and unlocked. This study assesses the scope of unintentional shootings by children 17 and younger in the US and the relationship between these shootings and state-level secure storage laws.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Demographic and injury data of both perpetrators and victims of unintentional shootings by children 17 and younger in the US from 1/1/2015-12/31/2021 were extracted from the #NotAnAccident Index. The #NotAnAccident Index contains media-report data, which is systematically flagged through Google Alerts. We describe characteristics of incidents and examine incident rates over time. The association between state-level secure storage laws and rates of unintentional shootings by children is assessed in multivariate negative binomial regression models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>2,448 unintentional shootings by children resulted in 926 deaths and 1,603 nonfatal gun injuries over a period of seven years. Most perpetrators (81%) and victims (76%) were male. The mean age was 10.0 (SD 5.5) for shooters and 10.9 (SD 8.1) for victims. Children were as likely to shoot themselves (49%) as they were to shoot others (47%). The majority of victims were under 18 years old (91%). Shootings most often occurred in or around homes (71%) and with handguns (53%). From March to December 2020, coinciding with the COVID-19 pandemic, incidents increased 24% over the same period in 2019, which was driven largely by an increase among shooters ages 0-5. Depending on the type of law, rates of unintentional shootings by children were 24% to 72% lower in states with secure storage laws, compared to states without such laws.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Unintentional shootings by children are on the rise, particularly among children 0-5 years old, but are preventable tragedies. Our results show that secure firearm storage policies are strongly correlated with lower rates of unintentional shootings by children. Firearm storage policies, practices, and education efforts are needed to ensure guns are kept secured and inaccessible to children.</p>","PeriodicalId":37379,"journal":{"name":"Injury Epidemiology","volume":"10 Suppl 1","pages":"52"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10594669/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49692774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Opioid-related polysubstance use and its effect on mortality and health resource utilization among trauma patients.","authors":"Safalta Khadka, James M Bardes, Mohammad A Al-Mamun","doi":"10.1186/s40621-023-00459-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40621-023-00459-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pre-injury opioid use is common, but the effects of opioid-related polysubstance use on mortality and health resources utilization (HRU) have not been investigated yet. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of opioid-related polysubstance use on mortality and HRU among patients in trauma centres in the US.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional study using the US National Trauma Databank from the year 2017 to 2019. Patients (≥ 18 years of age) who tested positive for opioids were included. Patients were analysed based on the number of substances used (i.e., opioids only, two substances (opioids + 1 substance), and three or more than three substances (opioids +  ≥ 2 substances)), and polysubstance by type (i.e., opioids only, opioids and alcohol, opioids and stimulants, opioids and benzodiazepine, and other combinations). Multivariate logistic regression was used to determine the association between polysubstance use, mortality and HRU (i.e., need for hospital admission, ICU, and mechanical ventilation).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both polysubstance by number and type analyses showed that opioid-related polysubstance use was not significantly associated with mortality compared to opioids only. The odds of hospital admission were higher among the opioids and benzodiazepines group (OR 1.15, 95% CI 1.06-1.24, p < 0.01). The need for ICU was magnified using benzodiazepines and stimulants with opioids (OR 1.44, 95% CI 1.27-1.63, p < 0.01) when compared to the opioids only group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Opioid-related pre-injury polysubstance use was associated with higher HRU in trauma patients. The evidence can be used by policymakers and practitioners to improve patient outcomes in trauma centers.</p>","PeriodicalId":37379,"journal":{"name":"Injury Epidemiology","volume":"10 1","pages":"54"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10594664/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49692775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Firearm availability and police shootings of citizens: a city level analysis of fatal and injurious shootings in California and Florida.","authors":"John A Shjarback, Daniel C Semenza, Richard Stansfield","doi":"10.1186/s40621-023-00466-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40621-023-00466-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>A growing body of research has found a link between firearm availability and police shootings of citizens across place. The problem, however, is that the previous studies on the topic tend to suffer from several limitations: a near exclusive focus on citizen fatalities, units of analysis at the state or county levels, and a variety of proxy measures tapping into community-level firearm access. The current study set out to address these issues by examining the relationship between different forms of firearm availability and both fatal and nonfatal injurious police shootings of citizens at the city level.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>More specifically, it merged The Trace's \"Missing Pieces\" measures of guns reported lost and stolen to police as well as licensed firearms dealers across jurisdictions from the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives as proxies for firearm availability with data on police shootings of citizens in California and Florida from California's URSUS system and the Tampa Bay Times' \"Why Cops Shoot\" database, respectively. Negative binomial regression analyses were performed on a sample of 253 cities across the two states and a sub-sample of cities with licensed firearms dealers.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Findings uncovered a small positive association between rates of federally licensed guns stores and the number citizens shot by police as well as police shooting incidents while controlling for several community-level measures (e.g., concentrated disadvantage, gun homicide rates). Rates of guns lost or reported stolen were generally not significantly associated with the outcome measures in the multivariate models.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Firearm availability is a significant correlate of police shootings. Pooled counts of both citizens shot by police and police shooting incidents are heightened in jurisdictions with higher rates of licensed gun dealers, which may be due to the fact that all firearms sold in the USA first make their way to the public through these mechanisms. Such licensed gun dealers must be appropriately monitored and audited to reduce illicit behavior and prevent firearms from making their way into secondary markets. Addressing access to firearms can be meaningful for a host of gun-related morbidity and mortality outcomes, including police shootings of citizens.</p>","PeriodicalId":37379,"journal":{"name":"Injury Epidemiology","volume":"10 1","pages":"50"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10588120/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49683181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pediatric lawn mower-related injuries and contributing factors for bystander injuries.","authors":"Charles A Jennissen, Treyton D Krupp, J Priyanka Vakkalanka, Pamela J Hoogerwerf","doi":"10.1186/s40621-023-00468-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40621-023-00468-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Riding lawn mower injuries are the most common cause of major limb loss in young U.S. children. Our study objective was to investigate the circumstances surrounding pediatric riding lawn mower injuries and to identify potential contributing risk factors and behaviors leading to these events.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Followers/members of both a public and a private lawn mower injury support and prevention Facebook page who had or were aware of children who had suffered a lawn mower-related injury were invited to complete an electronic survey on Qualtrics. Duplicate cases and those involving push mowers were removed. Frequencies and chi-square analyses were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>140 injured children were identified with 71% of surveys completed by parents and 19% by an adult survivor of a childhood incident. The majority of injured children were Caucasian (94%), male (64%), and ≤ 5 years of age at the time of the incident (63%). Bystanders were 69% of those injured, 24% were lawn mower riders, and mower operators and others accounted for 7%. The lawn mower operator was usually male (77%), being the father/stepfather in almost half. Overall, 59% of injuries occurred while traveling in reverse, 29% while moving forward. Nearly all (92%) had an amputation and/or permanent disability. Subgroup analysis (n = 130) found injured bystanders were younger than injured passengers with 71% versus 45% being < 5 years of age, respectively (p = 0.01). Over three-quarters of bystander incidents occurred while moving in reverse as compared to 17% of passenger incidents (p < 0.01). Amputations and/or permanent disabilities were greater among bystanders (97%) as compared to passengers (79%, p = 0.01). Only 3% of bystanders had an upper extremity injury as compared to 21% of passengers (p = 0.01). Seventy-three percent of bystander victims had received at least one ride on a lawn mower prior to their injury incident.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Child bystanders seriously injured by riding lawn mowers were frequently given prior rides likely desensitizing them to their inherent dangers and leading them to seek rides when mowers were being used. Engineering changes preventing blade rotation when traveling in reverse and not giving children rides (both when and when not mowing) may be critical in preventing mower-related injuries.</p>","PeriodicalId":37379,"journal":{"name":"Injury Epidemiology","volume":"10 Suppl 1","pages":"51"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10589918/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49683180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hospitalization and readmission after single-level fall: a population-based sample.","authors":"Alan Cook, Rebecca Swindall, Katherine Spencer, Carly Wadle, S Andrew Cage, Musharaf Mohiuddin, Yagnesh Desai, Scott Norwood","doi":"10.1186/s40621-023-00463-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40621-023-00463-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Single-level falls (SLFs) in the older US population is a leading cause of hospital admission and rates are increasing. Unscheduled hospital readmission is regarded as a quality-of-care indication and a preventable burden on healthcare systems. We aimed to characterize the predictors of 30-day readmission following admission for SLF injuries among patients 65 years and older.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective cohort study using the Nationwide Readmission Database from 2018 to 2019. Included patients were 65 and older, admitted emergently following a SLF with a primary injury diagnosis. Hierarchical logit regression was used to model factors associated with readmission within 30 days of discharge.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 1,338,905 trauma patients, 65 years or older, 61.3% had a single-level fall as the mechanism of injury. Among fallers, the average age was 81.1 years and 68.5% were female. SLF patients underwent more major therapeutic procedures (56.3% vs. 48.2%), spent over 2 million days in the hospital and incurred total charges of over $28 billion annually. Over 11% of SLF patients were readmitted within 30 days of discharge. Increasing income had a modest effect, where the highest zip code quartile was 9% less likely to be readmitted. Decreasing population density had a protective effect of readmission of 16%, comparing Non-Urban to Large Metropolitan. Transfer to short-term hospital, brain and vascular injuries were independent predictors of 30-day readmission in multivariable analysis (OR 2.50, 1.31, and 1.42, respectively). Palliative care consultation was protective (OR 0.41). The subsequent hospitalizations among those 30-day readmissions were primarily emergent (92.9%), consumed 260,876 hospital days and a total of $2.75 billion annually.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>SLFs exact costs to patients, health systems, and society. Transfer to short-term hospitals at discharge, along with brain and vascular injuries were strong predictors of 30-day readmission and warrant mitigation strategy development with consideration of expanded palliative care consultation.</p>","PeriodicalId":37379,"journal":{"name":"Injury Epidemiology","volume":"10 1","pages":"49"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10588028/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49683182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hydrocarbon ingestions among individuals younger than 20 years old reported to United States Poison Centers, 2000-2021.","authors":"Samiza B Palmer, Henry A Spiller, Sandhya Kistamgari, Marcel J Casavant, Natalie I Rine, Jingzhen Yang, Motao Zhu, Gary A Smith","doi":"10.1186/s40621-023-00461-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40621-023-00461-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hydrocarbon-based products have many household and commercial uses and exposure to these substances is common. Severe clinical effects can occur if these products are ingested. This study investigated the characteristics and trends of hydrocarbon ingestions reported to United States Poison Centers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from the National Poison Data System were analyzed for cases of hydrocarbon ingestion among individuals < 20 years old reported to United States Poison Centers from January 1, 2000 through December 31, 2021.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were 284,085 hydrocarbon ingestions reported during the 22-year study period in which a hydrocarbon was the first-ranked substance. Most of these cases occurred among children < 6 years old (83.2%), males (64.6%), at a residence (96.5%), were single-substance exposures (98.3%), and were managed on-site rather than in a health care facility (74.9%). However, 4.5% of cases were associated with a serious medical outcome, including 34 deaths. Thirty-two deaths were among children < 6 years old and most were associated with aspiration. Gasolines accounted for 24.6% of total cases, followed by lubricating oils and/or motor oils (19.9%), other types of hydrocarbons (14.9%), lamp oils (11.3%), and lighter fluids and/or naphtha (10.3%). The rate of hydrocarbon ingestions among United States youth < 20 years old decreased significantly (p < 0.0001) by 66.5% from 2000 to 2021. The greatest rate decrease was observed among lamp oils (- 78.4%, p < 0.0001), followed by gasolines (- 75.9%, p < 0.0001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Although the rate of hydrocarbon ingestions decreased during the study period and most reported cases resulted in non-serious outcomes, the number of cases remains high with a non-trivial minority (4.5%) of cases associated with a serious medical outcome, including death. Most deaths were among children < 6 years old. This underscores the need to increase primary prevention efforts, especially for young children.</p>","PeriodicalId":37379,"journal":{"name":"Injury Epidemiology","volume":"10 1","pages":"48"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10571327/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41215112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CHASE (Children's Housing Assessment for a Safe Environment): a protocol for the inspection and modification of injury risks in children's homes.","authors":"Elise Omaki, Brendan Brown, Isabel Shargo, Hector Moreno, Michael McKnight, Eileen McDonald, Wes Stewart, Evelyn Shiang, Ruth Ann Norton, Wendy C Shields","doi":"10.1186/s40621-023-00460-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40621-023-00460-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Decades of research and practice experience have led to an extensive body of evidence about effective home safety modifications. However, the benefits of safety modifications have not reached all segments of society. Poor quality housing in low-income neighborhoods, along with limited access to safety products and injury prevention information, can be significant barriers to child safety.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a longitudinal study of 300 low-income families in Baltimore City and Baltimore County with children under 7 years of age who are referred from existing Green & Healthy Homes Initiative (GHHI) home visiting programs. Three home visits will be completed to assess home injury hazards using a previously developed tool, the Children's Housing Assessment for a Safe Environment (CHASE), and provide a Scope of Work that includes home modifications specific to the identified home injury hazards. An Assessor will also provide do-it-yourself education materials and injury prevention supplies to assist residents in completing the modifications. If the parent or caregiver is unable to complete the home modifications, a professional Housing Intervention Services team will complete the home modifications necessary to prevent injury in the home. This study will involve both quantitative and qualitative data analysis methods. Paired and regression analyses will be conducted to examine the maintenance of modifications and the variables associated with positive outcomes. A thematic analysis of staff and participant interviews will be used to identify perceived barriers and facilitators of successful program implementation.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Better data on residential injuries of children and an improvement in the overall surveillance of home injuries are necessitated. This study will set a strong foundation for a larger future study of health and cost effectiveness outcomes and will advance our understanding of the feasibility, costs, and potential benefits of addressing and preventing home injuries to children.</p>","PeriodicalId":37379,"journal":{"name":"Injury Epidemiology","volume":"10 1","pages":"47"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10565964/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41215111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}