Journal of Motor Learning and Development最新文献_第4页

Performance Metrics From Product-Oriented Measures of Fundamental Motor Skills—A Comparison and Developmental Perspective 以产品为导向的基本运动技能的绩效指标——比较与发展的视角

Journal of Motor Learning and Development Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1123/jmld.2022-0074

Kara K. Palmer, Adam Pennell, Bryan Terlizzi, Michael A. Nunu, David F. Stodden, Leah E. Robinson

{"title":"Performance Metrics From Product-Oriented Measures of Fundamental Motor Skills—A Comparison and Developmental Perspective","authors":"Kara K. Palmer, Adam Pennell, Bryan Terlizzi, Michael A. Nunu, David F. Stodden, Leah E. Robinson","doi":"10.1123/jmld.2022-0074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1123/jmld.2022-0074","url":null,"abstract":"This study (a) examined the associations among different performance metrics derived from different strategies (i.e., maximum and average scores) and trials from product-oriented measures of motor skills, and (b) explored how different performance metrics from product-oriented assessments of motor skills change in young children with typical development. Children ( N = 279; 156 girls; M age = 4.44 years) completed a battery of product-oriented assessments for throwing (in meters per second, five trials); kicking (in meters per second, five trials); jumping (in centimeters, five trials); running (in meters per second, two trials); and hopping (in meters per second, four trials—two preferred foot, two nonpreferred foot). A total of 36 performance metrics were derived—throw ( n = 7), kick ( n = 7), jump ( n = 7), run ( n = 4), and hop ( n = 11). Intraclass correlations examined reliability among performance metrics for each skill; linear mixed models examined whether variations changed across early childhood. There was excellent reliability among all performance metrics for each skill (all ICC > .90). Linear mixed models revealed that children’s motor performance improved for two metrics of the throw, five variations of the jump, and three metrics of the hop (all p < .05). Researchers should be aware that some performance metrics from product-oriented assessments (e.g., maximum and average of three or five trials) are highly related and change, whereas others do not.","PeriodicalId":37368,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Motor Learning and Development","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135844564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Infants born preterm demonstrate reduced task-specific exploration during the scaffolded kick-activated mobile task. 早产婴儿在支架式踢腿活动移动任务中表现出任务特异性探索减少。

IF 1.3

Journal of Motor Learning and Development Pub Date : 2022-12-01 Epub Date: 2022-11-11 DOI: 10.1123/jmld.2021-0062

Jeong Ah Kim, Sungwoo Park, Linda Fetters, Sandrah P Eckel, Masayoshi Kubo, Barbara Sargent

{"title":"Infants born preterm demonstrate reduced task-specific exploration during the scaffolded kick-activated mobile task.","authors":"Jeong Ah Kim, Sungwoo Park, Linda Fetters, Sandrah P Eckel, Masayoshi Kubo, Barbara Sargent","doi":"10.1123/jmld.2021-0062","DOIUrl":"10.1123/jmld.2021-0062","url":null,"abstract":"This study quantified the spatial exploration of 13 infants born very and extremely preterm (PT) at 4 months corrected age as they learned that moving their feet vertically to cross a virtual threshold activated an infant kick-activated mobile and compared results to 15 infants born full-term (FT) from a previously published study. Spatial exploration was quantified using two general spatial exploration variables (exploration volume, exploration path), two task-specific spatial variables (duration of time in the task-specific region of interest, vertical variance of kicks), and one non-task-specific spatial variable (horizontal variance of kicks). The infants born PT, similar to FT, increased their general spatial exploration and duration in the region of interest and did not change the vertical and horizontal variances of kicks. However, the infants born PT, compared to FT, spent less time in the task-specific region of interest and had a greater non-task-specific horizontal variance throughout the task. This may indicate that infants born PT and FT exhibit similar general spatial exploration, but infants born PT exhibit less task-specific spatial exploration. Future research is necessary to determine the contribution of learning and motor abilities to the differences in task-specific exploration between infants born PT and FT.","PeriodicalId":37368,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Motor Learning and Development","volume":"10 3","pages":"429-448"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10538249/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41180171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Quantifying Infant Exploratory Learning. 量化婴儿探索性学习。

IF 1.3

Journal of Motor Learning and Development Pub Date : 2022-04-01 DOI: 10.1123/jmld.2021-0029

Jeong Ah Kim, Sungwoo Park, Linda Fetters, Sandrah P Eckel, Masayoshi Kubo, Barbara Sargent

{"title":"Quantifying Infant Exploratory Learning.","authors":"Jeong Ah Kim, Sungwoo Park, Linda Fetters, Sandrah P Eckel, Masayoshi Kubo, Barbara Sargent","doi":"10.1123/jmld.2021-0029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1123/jmld.2021-0029","url":null,"abstract":"Exploration is considered essential to infant learning, but few studies have quantified infants' task exploration. The purpose of this study was to quantify how infants explored task space with their feet while learning to activate a kick-activated mobile. Data were analyzed from fifteen 4-month-old infants who participated in a 10-min mobile task on 2-3 consecutive days. Infants learned that their vertical leg movements above a systematically increased threshold height activated the mobile. Five kinematic variables were analyzed: 1) exploration space volume, 2) exploration path length, 3) duration of time in the region of interest around the threshold that activated the mobile, 4) task-specific vertical variance of kicks, and 5) non-task-specific horizontal variance of kicks. The infants increased their general spatial exploration, volume and path, and the infants adapted their exploration by maintaining their feet within the region of interest although the task-specific region increased in height as the threshold increased. The infants used task-specific strategies quantified by the increased variance of kicks in the vertical direction and no change in the horizontal variance of kicks. Quantifying infants' task exploration may provide critical insights into how learning emerges in infancy and enable researchers to more systematically describe, interpret, and support learning.","PeriodicalId":37368,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Motor Learning and Development","volume":"10 1","pages":"167-183"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10237591/pdf/nihms-1876564.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9956081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

The Development of Bilateral Skill Symmetry: Insights From Gaelic Football Players and Coaches 双边技术对称的发展:来自盖尔足球运动员和教练的见解

IF 1.3

Journal of Motor Learning and Development Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1123/jmld.2021-0066

Karol Dillon, Paul Kinnerk, Ian Sherwin, P. Kearney

{"title":"The Development of Bilateral Skill Symmetry: Insights From Gaelic Football Players and Coaches","authors":"Karol Dillon, Paul Kinnerk, Ian Sherwin, P. Kearney","doi":"10.1123/jmld.2021-0066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1123/jmld.2021-0066","url":null,"abstract":"Developing players who are adept at using both sides of the body (i.e., bilateral skill) is a challenge for coaches in many sports. With players being required to execute a range of skills with hand and foot on both sides of the body, Gaelic football provides an ideal natural laboratory for the study of laterality. Previous quantitative research has produced equivocal findings regarding the importance of bilateral skill performance in sport. In light of this equivocality, this paper utilized a qualitative approach to distill the beliefs and experiences of 14 players and five coaches who had performed at the highest level in Gaelic football. Three higher order categories were produced from the transcripts: the importance of being bilaterally skilled, the potential to develop bilateral skill, and methods to develop bilateral skills. Overall, this study highlights lessons for the design of future quantitative studies of bilateral skill in sport and should stimulate reflection on current practice regarding both short- and long-term bilateral skill development on the part of researchers, applied sport scientists, and coaches.","PeriodicalId":37368,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Motor Learning and Development","volume":"332 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80532987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

The Effect of Large Visual Illusion and External Focus of Attention on Gaze Behavior and Learning of Dart Throw Skill 大视错觉和外部注意焦点对注视行为和掷飞镖技能学习的影响

IF 1.3

Journal of Motor Learning and Development Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1123/jmld.2022-0043

Somayeh Bahrami, B. Abdoli, A. Farsi, M. Aghdaei, Thomas Simpson

{"title":"The Effect of Large Visual Illusion and External Focus of Attention on Gaze Behavior and Learning of Dart Throw Skill","authors":"Somayeh Bahrami, B. Abdoli, A. Farsi, M. Aghdaei, Thomas Simpson","doi":"10.1123/jmld.2022-0043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1123/jmld.2022-0043","url":null,"abstract":"Research has shown that large visual illusions and an external focus of attention can improve novice’s motor learning. However, the combined effects of these approaches and the underlying mechanisms have yet to be studied. Therefore, the present study examined the effects of a large visual illusion and an external focus on the learning of a dart throwing task in novices and measured the perceptual mechanisms underpinning learning using quiet eye. Forty novice participants were randomly divided into four groups: large visual illusion, external focus of attention, combined large visual illusion and external focus of attention, and control group. The study consisted of a pretest, a practice phase, an immediate retention test, a 24-hr retention test, and a transfer test. Results revealed that all groups increased throwing accuracy and quiet eye duration from pretest to immediate retention. In the immediate retention, 24-hr retention, and transfer test, large visual illusion had greater accuracy and longer quiet eye duration than the control group. In addition, there were no significant differences between the visual illusion and external focus groups for throwing accuracy and quiet eye duration. The findings suggest that combining large visual illusion and external focus can independently improve motor learning but combining these manipulations does not have additive benefits.","PeriodicalId":37368,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Motor Learning and Development","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82533293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

A Commentary on Whitall and Colleagues’ 2020 Article “Motor Development Research: II. The First Two Decades of the 21st Century Shaping Our Future” 惠特尔等人2020年文章《运动发展研究:2》述评二十一世纪头二十年塑造我们的未来

IF 1.3

Journal of Motor Learning and Development Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1123/jmld.2022-0009

C. Gabbard

引用次数: 0

Effects of Task Constraints on Countermovement Jump Kinematics Following a Short-Term Training 短期训练后任务约束对反动作跳跃运动学的影响

IF 1.3

Journal of Motor Learning and Development Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1123/jmld.2021-0040

Amirhossein Emamian, Alireza Hashemi Oskouei, Rasoul Azreh, Kevin M Carroll

{"title":"Effects of Task Constraints on Countermovement Jump Kinematics Following a Short-Term Training","authors":"Amirhossein Emamian, Alireza Hashemi Oskouei, Rasoul Azreh, Kevin M Carroll","doi":"10.1123/jmld.2021-0040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1123/jmld.2021-0040","url":null,"abstract":"In previous studies, the acute effects of movement constraints on the countermovement jump performance are investigated; however, the longitudinal effects of implementing the constraint in a training regimen are not well studied. The purpose of this study was to examine the phenomenon of motor learning development due to application of task constraint in a training regimen following 6 weeks of training. Forty-five healthy adult males were randomly assigned to a control or one of two experimental constraint training groups (i.e., no arm swing or restricted knee flexion). Pre- and posttraining jump height and kinematic variables of six maximum effort countermovement jumps were compared longitudinally within the groups, and also compared between the groups. The findings of this study indicated that jump height significantly increased in all the groups while in the unrestricted control group it was increased greater than the experimental conditions (21% compared with 12% and 5.5%). However, the applied task constraints significantly improved some of the contributors to jump performance, establishing specific adaptation of kinematic variables to the constraint training. Therefore, constraint training approach could be suggested in case of demanding specific adaptation of kinematic variables of countermovement jump in a training regimen.","PeriodicalId":37368,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Motor Learning and Development","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73397819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Fundamental Movement Skills and Physical Fitness Are Key Correlates of Tactical Soccer Skill in Grassroots Soccer Players Aged 8–14 Years 8 ~ 14岁基层足球运动员基本动作技能和身体素质是战术足球技能的关键相关因素

IF 1.3

Journal of Motor Learning and Development Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1123/jmld.2021-0061

M. Duncan, N. Clarke, Lee Bolt, Emma L. J. Eyre, C. Roscoe

{"title":"Fundamental Movement Skills and Physical Fitness Are Key Correlates of Tactical Soccer Skill in Grassroots Soccer Players Aged 8–14 Years","authors":"M. Duncan, N. Clarke, Lee Bolt, Emma L. J. Eyre, C. Roscoe","doi":"10.1123/jmld.2021-0061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1123/jmld.2021-0061","url":null,"abstract":"One hundred and twenty-one children (58 boys and 63 girls) aged 8–14 years (mean ± SD = 12 ± 1 years) who were regularly engaged in grassroots soccer participated in this study. Participants undertook assessments of fundamental movement skill (FMS) using the Test of Gross Motor Development-3, perceived ability using the Perceived Physical Ability Scale for Children, physical fitness via 15-m sprint time, standing long jump distance, and technical skill using the university of Ghent dribbling test. The Procedural Tactical Knowledge Test was employed as a measure of tactical skill from which metrics for positioning and movement and recognizing spaces were derived. Maturation was determined from anthropometric measures. Analysis of covariance examined gender differences in tactical skills accounting for FMS, fitness, perceived ability, technical skill, maturation, and age. Results indicated no significant differences in tactical skills between boys and girls (p > .05). For recognizing spaces, 56% of the variance was explained with FMS (p = .001), physical fitness (p = .02), and technical skill (p = .02) contributing to the model. For positioning and movement, a significant model explained 55% of the variance in this element of tactical behavior with FMS (p = .002) and technical skill (p = .02) significantly contributing to the model.","PeriodicalId":37368,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Motor Learning and Development","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84732964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Applying the Principles of Motor Learning in Preventative Programs of Overuse Injuries in Young Athletes: A Scoping Review 在青少年运动员过度使用损伤预防项目中应用运动学习原则:范围回顾

IF 1.3

Journal of Motor Learning and Development Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1123/jmld.2021-0031

M. Shafizadeh, Shahab Parvinpour, W. Schöllhorn, Andrew Barnes

{"title":"Applying the Principles of Motor Learning in Preventative Programs of Overuse Injuries in Young Athletes: A Scoping Review","authors":"M. Shafizadeh, Shahab Parvinpour, W. Schöllhorn, Andrew Barnes","doi":"10.1123/jmld.2021-0031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1123/jmld.2021-0031","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to review the scope of overuse injury prevention programs in young players through the lens of application of motor learning principles. From 280 studies found in the initial search, 13 studies were selected based on a series of inclusion criteria. The selected studies were categorized based on the type of intervention resulting in multicomponent (two studies), Fédération Internationale de Football Association 11+ (five studies), neuromuscular training (two studies), Fédération Internationale de Football Association Medical Assessment and Research Center (two studies), educational (one study), and stability (one study). The studies that had an effective preventative role to reduce overuse injuries applied some principles of motor learning to their intervention, such as contextual interference, variability of practice, task constraints, the power law of practice, transfer of learning, and explicit methods. There is a gap in the literature related to explicit applications of motor learning principles in the design of preventative interventions for overuse injury.","PeriodicalId":37368,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Motor Learning and Development","volume":"190 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73425851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Low Prevalence of A Priori Power Analyses in Motor Behavior Research 先验功率分析在运动行为研究中的应用较少

IF 1.3

Journal of Motor Learning and Development Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1123/jmld.2022-0042

B. McKay, Abbey Corson, Mary-Anne Vinh, Gianna Jeyarajan, Chitrini Tandon, Hugh Brooks, Julie Hubley, Michael J. Carter

{"title":"Low Prevalence of A Priori Power Analyses in Motor Behavior Research","authors":"B. McKay, Abbey Corson, Mary-Anne Vinh, Gianna Jeyarajan, Chitrini Tandon, Hugh Brooks, Julie Hubley, Michael J. Carter","doi":"10.1123/jmld.2022-0042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1123/jmld.2022-0042","url":null,"abstract":"A priori power analyses can ensure studies are unlikely to miss interesting effects. Recent metascience has suggested that kinesiology research may be underpowered and selectively reported. Here, we examined whether power analyses are being used to ensure informative studies in motor behavior. We reviewed every article published in three motor behavior journals between January 2019 and June 2021. Power analyses were reported in 13% of studies (k = 636) that tested a hypothesis. No study targeted the smallest effect size of interest. Most studies with a power analysis relied on estimates from previous experiments, pilot studies, or benchmarks to determine the effect size of interest. Studies without a power analysis reported support for their main hypothesis 85% of the time, while studies with a power analysis found support 76% of the time. The median sample sizes were n = 17.5 without a power analysis and n = 16 with a power analysis, suggesting the typical study design was underpowered for all but the largest plausible effect size. At present, power analyses are not being used to optimize the informativeness of motor behavior research. Adoption of this widely recommended practice may greatly enhance the credibility of the motor behavior literature.","PeriodicalId":37368,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Motor Learning and Development","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89903229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3