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Capacity Management in an Automated Shuttle Bus: Findings from a Lab Study 自动穿梭巴士的容量管理:来自实验室研究的结果
12th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications Pub Date : 2020-09-21 DOI: 10.1145/3409120.3410665
Alexander G. Mirnig, Vivien Wallner, Magdalena Gärtner, Alexander Meschtscherjakov, M. Tscheligi
{"title":"Capacity Management in an Automated Shuttle Bus: Findings from a Lab Study","authors":"Alexander G. Mirnig, Vivien Wallner, Magdalena Gärtner, Alexander Meschtscherjakov, M. Tscheligi","doi":"10.1145/3409120.3410665","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3409120.3410665","url":null,"abstract":"Driverless shuttles bear different and novel challenges for passengers. One of these is related to capacity management, as such shuttles are often smaller (usually from 6 to 12 seats) with limited capacities to (re-)assign seating, control reservations, or arrange travels for groups that exceed a shuttle’s capacity. Since a bus driver is missing, passengers need to resolve conflicts or uncertainties on their own, unless additional systems provide such support. In this paper, we present the results from a laboratory study, in which we investigated passenger needs in relation to booking and reserving spots (seats, standing spots, and strollers) in an automated shuttle. We found that such functionalities have a low-to-medium impact on an overall scale but could constitute exclusion criteria for more vulnerable parts of the population, such as older adults, families with small children, or physically impaired individuals.","PeriodicalId":373501,"journal":{"name":"12th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127477517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
Sound Decisions: How Synthetic Motor Sounds Improve Autonomous Vehicle-Pedestrian Interactions 声音决策:合成电机声音如何改善自动驾驶车辆与行人的互动
12th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications Pub Date : 2020-09-21 DOI: 10.1145/3409120.3410667
D. Moore, Rebecca M. Currano, D. Sirkin
{"title":"Sound Decisions: How Synthetic Motor Sounds Improve Autonomous Vehicle-Pedestrian Interactions","authors":"D. Moore, Rebecca M. Currano, D. Sirkin","doi":"10.1145/3409120.3410667","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3409120.3410667","url":null,"abstract":"Electric vehicles’ (EVs) nearly silent operation has proved to be dangerous for bicyclists and pedestrians, who often use an internal combustion engine’s sound as one of many signals to locate nearby vehicles and predict their behavior. Inspired by regulations currently being implemented that will require EVs and hybrid vehicles (HVs) to play synthetic sound, we used a Wizard-of-Oz AV setup to explore how adding synthetic engine sound to a hybrid autonomous vehicle (AV) will influence how pedestrians interact with the AV in a naturalistic field study. Pedestrians reported increased interaction quality and clarity of intent of the vehicle to yield compared to a baseline condition without any added sound. These findings suggest that synthetic engine sound will not only be effective at helping pedestrians to hear EVs, but also may help AV developers implicitly signal to pedestrians when the vehicle will yield.","PeriodicalId":373501,"journal":{"name":"12th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications","volume":"02 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130437266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 24
User Requirements for Remote Teleoperation-based Interfaces 基于远程操作的接口的用户需求
12th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications Pub Date : 2020-09-21 DOI: 10.1145/3409251.3411730
Gaetano Graf, H. Hussmann
{"title":"User Requirements for Remote Teleoperation-based Interfaces","authors":"Gaetano Graf, H. Hussmann","doi":"10.1145/3409251.3411730","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3409251.3411730","url":null,"abstract":"Despite the rapid progress of Autonomous Vehicle (AV) technology, remote human situational assessment continues to be required. Herewith, remote operation is introducing several challenges, as limited perception and difficulty in maintaining Situation Awareness (SA). In this regard, this research provides first-hand SA requirements for remote teleoperation-based interfaces. Complementary to a previous literature review on requirements for Human-Machine Interface for unmanned systems, we conducted two (N = 18, N = 10) user studies. To ascertain the views of the users, we employed two methodologies, in-depth interviews, and traditional statistical analysis to find out specific preferences. We collected a total of 80 statements that we could cluster over 12 categories, presenting a comprehensive overview of SA user requirements. The research is envisioned to be used by others as a tool to help the development of AV teleoperation-based interfaces.","PeriodicalId":373501,"journal":{"name":"12th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134456880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
”Give Me the Keys, I’ll Drive!”: Results from an Exploratory Interview Study to Assess Public’s Desires and Concerns on Automated Valet Parking “把钥匙给我，我来开车!”:一项探索性访谈研究的结果，该研究旨在评估公众对自动代客泊车的愿望和担忧
12th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications Pub Date : 2020-09-21 DOI: 10.1145/3409251.3411712
Martina Schuß, A. Riener
{"title":"”Give Me the Keys, I’ll Drive!”: Results from an Exploratory Interview Study to Assess Public’s Desires and Concerns on Automated Valet Parking","authors":"Martina Schuß, A. Riener","doi":"10.1145/3409251.3411712","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3409251.3411712","url":null,"abstract":"Highly and fully automated vehicles are not expected on public roads in the near future, but at lower levels of automation, several applications/business models are discussed by vehicle manufacturers and fleet operators. Automated valet parking (AVP) is one of them, which could be implemented almost immediately. Vehicles with AVP feature are able to drive independently in the parking garage and find/occupy a free parking space. However, a better understanding of public’s opinion on this service is needed. In this paper, we present the findings from an exploratory interview study on public’s opinion of automated valet parking. Results suggest that the main benefits from the user perspective are clearly practical in nature (time saving, efficient use of parking lots), but are mitigated by emotional concerns (feeling of uncertainty, loss of control). We therefore conclude that these concerns must be addressed to ultimately ensure automated valet parking’s success and benefits in society.","PeriodicalId":373501,"journal":{"name":"12th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133367999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effects of Anger and Display Urgency on Takeover Performance in Semi-automated Vehicles 愤怒和表现紧迫感对半自动驾驶车辆接管行为的影响
12th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications Pub Date : 2020-09-21 DOI: 10.1145/3409120.3410664
Harsh Sanghavi, Yiqi Zhang, M. Jeon
{"title":"Effects of Anger and Display Urgency on Takeover Performance in Semi-automated Vehicles","authors":"Harsh Sanghavi, Yiqi Zhang, M. Jeon","doi":"10.1145/3409120.3410664","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3409120.3410664","url":null,"abstract":"As semi-automated vehicles get to have the ability to drive themselves, it is important (1) to explore drivers’ affective states which may influence takeover performance and (2) to design optimized control transition displays to warn drivers to take control back from the vehicles. The present study investigated the influence of anger on drivers’ takeover reaction time and quality, with varying urgency of auditory takeover request displays. Using a driving simulator, 36 participants experienced takeover scenarios in a semi-automated vehicle with a secondary task (game). Higher frequency and more repetitions of the auditory displays led to faster takeover reaction times, but there was no difference between angry and neutral drivers. For takeover quality, angry drivers drove faster, took longer to change lanes and had lower steering wheel angles than neutral drivers, which made riskier driving. Results are discussed with the necessity of affect research and display design guidelines in automated vehicles.","PeriodicalId":373501,"journal":{"name":"12th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125606935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 15
Adapting In-Vehicle Voice Output:A User- and Situation-Adaptive Approach 自适应车载语音输出:一种用户和情境自适应方法
12th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications Pub Date : 2020-09-21 DOI: 10.1145/3409251.3411711
D. Stier, U. Heid, W. Minker
{"title":"Adapting In-Vehicle Voice Output:A User- and Situation-Adaptive Approach","authors":"D. Stier, U. Heid, W. Minker","doi":"10.1145/3409251.3411711","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3409251.3411711","url":null,"abstract":"There is a current trend towards natural, adaptive in-vehicle spoken dialogue systems which react flexibly to the individual requirements of a driver or the driving situation. They aim to provide the driver with the most efficient form of interaction and to thereby reduce his cognitive load. Studies show that even the syntactic form of system output has an influence on the driver and his driving performance. Against this background, in this paper we present our user-centered approach for a user- and situation-adaptive strategy for the syntactic design of voice output. Based on the collected data of two user studies, we combine the two aspects of speech production and perception and compare actual language behaviour with syntactic preferences. The resulting strategy will be evaluated and elaborate further in future user studies.","PeriodicalId":373501,"journal":{"name":"12th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications","volume":"87 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124998547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Face2Multi-modal: In-vehicle Multi-modal Predictors via Facial Expressions Face2Multi-modal:通过面部表情进行车载多模态预测
12th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications Pub Date : 2020-09-21 DOI: 10.1145/3409251.3411716
Zhentao Huang, Rongze Li, Wangkai Jin, Zilin Song, Yu Zhang, Xiangjun Peng, Xu Sun
{"title":"Face2Multi-modal: In-vehicle Multi-modal Predictors via Facial Expressions","authors":"Zhentao Huang, Rongze Li, Wangkai Jin, Zilin Song, Yu Zhang, Xiangjun Peng, Xu Sun","doi":"10.1145/3409251.3411716","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3409251.3411716","url":null,"abstract":"Towards intelligent Human-Vehicle Interaction systems and innovative Human-Vehicle Interaction designs, in-vehicle drivers’ physiological data has been explored as an essential data source. However, equipping multiple biosensors is considered the limited extent of user-friendliness and impractical during the driving procedure. The lack of a proper approach to access physiological data has hindered wider applications of advanced biosignal-driven designs in practice (e.g. monitoring systems and etc.). Hence, the demand for a user-friendly approach to measuring drivers’ body statuses has become more intense. In this Work-In-Progress, we present Face2Multi-modal, an In-vehicle multi-modal Data Streams Predictors through facial expressions only. More specifically, we have explored the estimations of Heart Rate, Skin Conductance, and Vehicle Speed of the drivers. We believe Face2Multi-modal provides a user-friendly alternative to acquiring drivers’ physiological status and vehicle status, which could serve as the building block for many current or future personalized Human-Vehicle Interaction designs. More details and updates about the project Face2Multi-modal is online at https://github.com/unnc-ucc/Face2Multimodal/.","PeriodicalId":373501,"journal":{"name":"12th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications","volume":"86 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126255626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 15
What Could Go Wrong? Exploring the Downsides of Autonomous Vehicles 哪里会出错?探索自动驾驶汽车的缺点
12th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications Pub Date : 2020-09-21 DOI: 10.1145/3409251.3411734
Nikolas Martelaro, Wendy Ju
{"title":"What Could Go Wrong? Exploring the Downsides of Autonomous Vehicles","authors":"Nikolas Martelaro, Wendy Ju","doi":"10.1145/3409251.3411734","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3409251.3411734","url":null,"abstract":"While autonomous vehicles have the potential to greatly improve our daily lives, there are also challenges and potential downsides to these systems. In this workshop, we intend to foster discussions about the potential negative aspects of autonomous cars in hopes of surfacing challenges that should be considered during the design process rather than after deployment. We will spur these conversations through a review of participant position statements and through group discussion facilitated by a card game called “What Could Go Wrong?” Our goal is to consider the autonomous vehicle’s benefits—improving safety, increasing mobility, reducing emissions—against potential drawbacks. By identifying potential harms and downsides, the workshop attendees, and the AutoUI community more broadly can design well-considered solutions.","PeriodicalId":373501,"journal":{"name":"12th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114715020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
Ultrahapticons: “Haptifying” Drivers’ Mental Models to Transform Automotive Mid-Air Haptic Gesture Infotainment Interfaces Ultrahapticons:“满足”驾驶员的心理模型，以改变汽车空中触觉手势信息娱乐界面
12th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications Pub Date : 2020-09-21 DOI: 10.1145/3409251.3411722
Eddie Brown, D. Large, Hannah Limerick, G. Burnett
{"title":"Ultrahapticons: “Haptifying” Drivers’ Mental Models to Transform Automotive Mid-Air Haptic Gesture Infotainment Interfaces","authors":"Eddie Brown, D. Large, Hannah Limerick, G. Burnett","doi":"10.1145/3409251.3411722","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3409251.3411722","url":null,"abstract":"In-vehicle gesture interfaces show potential to reduce visual demand and improve task performance when supported with mid-air, ultrasound-haptic feedback. However, comparative studies have tended to select gestures and haptic sensations based either on experimental convenience or to conform with existing interfaces, and thus may have fallen short on realising their full potential. Aiming to design and validate an exemplar set of ultrasonic, mid-air haptic icons (“ultrahapticons”), a participatory design exercise was conducted, whereby seventeen participants were presented with seven in-vehicle infotainment tasks. Participants were asked to describe their mental models for each, and then sketch these visual, tactual and auditory associations. ‘Haptifiable’ elements were extracted, and these were analysed using semiotics principles, resulting in thirty ultrahapticon concepts. These were subsequently evaluated and further refined in a workshop involving user experience and haptics experts. The final seventeen concepts will be validated in a salience recognition and perspicuity study.","PeriodicalId":373501,"journal":{"name":"12th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123832307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 14
“Watch out!”: Prediction-Level Intervention for Automated Driving “小心!:自动驾驶的预测级干预
12th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications Pub Date : 2020-09-21 DOI: 10.1145/3409120.3410652
Chao Wang, Matti Krüger, Christiane B. Wiebel-Herboth
{"title":"“Watch out!”: Prediction-Level Intervention for Automated Driving","authors":"Chao Wang, Matti Krüger, Christiane B. Wiebel-Herboth","doi":"10.1145/3409120.3410652","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3409120.3410652","url":null,"abstract":"It seems that autonomous driving systems are substituting human responsibilities in the driving task. However, this does not mean that vehicles should not interact with their driver anymore, even in case of full automation. One reason is that the automation is not yet advanced enough to predict other road user's behavior in complex situations, which can lead to sub-optimal action choices, decrease comfort and user experience. In contrast, a human driver may have a more reliable understanding of other road users’ intentions which could complement that of the automation. We propose a framework that distinguishes between four levels for interaction with automation. Based on the framework, we introduce a concept which allows drivers to provide prediction-level guidance to an automated driving system through gaze-speech interaction. Results of a pilot user study show that people hold a positive attitude towards prediction-level intervention as well as the gaze-based interaction method.","PeriodicalId":373501,"journal":{"name":"12th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128001553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 20
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