Journal of Natural Gas Science and Engineering最新文献

{"title":"Fines effect on gas flow in sandy sediments using μCT and pore networks","authors":"Jamal A. Hannun ,&nbsp;Riyadh I. Al-Raoush ,&nbsp;Zaher A. Jarrar ,&nbsp;Khalid A. Alshibli ,&nbsp;Jongwon Jung","doi":"10.1016/j.jngse.2022.104834","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jngse.2022.104834","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Gas production from hydrate-bearing sediments requires methane dissociation, which induces two-phase gas flow, mobilizing fine clay particles from within saturated pores. Fines migration within sandy sediments results in subsequent pore clogging, reducing reservoir connectivity. Sediments complex pore morphology, require direct 3D microscopic pore-scale imaging to investigate fines' influence on the porous media. The work uses synchrotron microcomputed tomography, to understand how fines migration due to gas injection, affects pore morphology and gas connectivity within sandy sediments. The goal is to study the impact of fines type and content at different gas injection stages, on gas flow regime and sediments rearrangement.</p><p>Six saturated samples of sand and fines mixtures (Kaolinite and Montmorillonite at different contents) underwent four stages of gas injection during in-situ 3D scanning. X-ray images were segmented for direct visualization, as well to quantify gas ganglia distribution, also to extract pore networks to statistically measure changes in pore and throats distributions, and to simulate single-phase and relative permeability.</p><p>Findings reveal that the extent of deformation to pore morphology increases with fines content and gas injection regardless of fines type. High kaolinite content (equal to or larger than 6%) results in fractured porous media, while high montmorillonite content (equal to or larger than 5%) results in disconnected vuggy media. Lower contents cause a gradual reduction in pore and throat sizes during gas injection. As fines content increases, clogging intensifies, thus gas connectivity and flow regime changes from connected capillary to disconnected vugs and microfractures. Both hydrophobic and hydrophilic fines reduced throat sizes, due to dislocations in sand grains. A unique pattern is discovered using pore networks, which describe pore-size fluctuations during fractures and vugs formation, due to fines migration.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":372,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Natural Gas Science and Engineering","volume":"108 ","pages":"Article 104834"},"PeriodicalIF":4.965,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"2631320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Review on technologies for conversion of natural gas to methanol","authors":"N. Salahudeen ,&nbsp;A.A. Rasheed ,&nbsp;A. Babalola ,&nbsp;A.U. Moses","doi":"10.1016/j.jngse.2022.104845","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jngse.2022.104845","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Continuous flaring of natural gas remains a great environmental threatening practice going on in most upstream hydrocarbon production industry across the globe. About 150 billion m³<span><span> of natural gas are flared annually, producing approximately 400 million tons of carbon dioxide alone among other greenhouse gases. A search into a viable method for natural gas conversion to methanol becomes imperative not only to save the soul of the ever-changing climate but also to bring an end to wastage of valuable resources by converting hitherto wasted natural gas to wealth. Currently the technologies of conversion of natural gas to methanol could be categorized into the conventional and the innovative technologies. The conventional technology is sub-divided into the indirect method also called the Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis (FTS) method and the direct method. The major commercial technology currently in use for </span>production of methanol<span> from methane is the FTS method which involves basically two steps which are the steam reforming<span> and the syngas<span> hydrogenation steps. The FTS method is highly energy intensive and this is a factor responsible for its low energetic efficiency. The direct conversion of methane to methanol is a one-step partial oxidation and lower temperature method having higher energetic efficiency advantage over the FTS method. The direct method occurs at temperature range of 380–470 °C and pressure range of 1–5 MPa while the FTS occurs at temperature range of 700–1100 °C and atmospheric pressure. Both methods are carried out under effect of metallic oxide catalysts such as Mo, V, Cr, Bi, Cu, Zn, etc. The innovative methods which include electrochemical, solar and plasma irradiation methods can be described as an approach to either of the two conventional methods in an innovative way while the biological method is a natural process driven by methane monooxygenase (MMO) enzyme released by methanotrophic bacteria. The aim of this study is to review the current state of the technology for conversion of methane to methanol so as to make abreast the recent advances and challenges in the area.</span></span></span></span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":372,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Natural Gas Science and Engineering","volume":"108 ","pages":"Article 104845"},"PeriodicalIF":4.965,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"1813546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental study on alleviating water-blocking effect and promoting coal gas desorption by gas wettability alteration","authors":"Liang Wang ,&nbsp;Bo Wang ,&nbsp;Jintuo Zhu ,&nbsp;Xiaoxue Liao ,&nbsp;Sijia Ni ,&nbsp;Siliang Shen","doi":"10.1016/j.jngse.2022.104805","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jngse.2022.104805","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span>To alleviate the water-blocking effect in the hydraulic fracturing process and promote </span>coal seam<span> gas extraction, the influence of gas </span></span>wettability<span><span><span> alteration on the water-blocking effect and gas desorption was investigated. First, according to the contact angle, infrared spectrum, and </span>surface energy<span> measurement experiments, 3.5% polyacrylamide (PAM) was selected as the gas wettability alteration agent and used to treat the coal samples. After treatment with PAM, the hydroxyl and surface energy of the coal decreased, which altered the gas wettability. Second, the water injection desorption experiment results show that both 4% alkyl polyglucoside (APG) and 3.5% PAM solution can alleviate the water-blocking effect and promote coal gas desorption during water injection. The same experiment was performed by varying the gas pressure. When the gas pressure exceeds 3.25 MPa, APG inhibits gas desorption, indicating that it is unsuitable for alleviating the water-blocking effect. Furthermore, the mechanism by which gas wettability alteration relieves the water-blocking effect was analyzed from macroscopic and microscopic perspectives. Macroscopically, PAM had a high removal rate of the liquid-phase retention effect in coal and can hardly be retained in coal. Microscopically, after gas wettability alteration, the number of </span></span>hydrophilic<span> functional groups on the surface of coal decreased. The above results in the system changing from hydrophilic to hydrophobic, and correspondingly, the capillary pressure in pores or fractures of coal changes from resistance to a driving force. Therefore, compared with the original coal sample, the water in the coal is more likely to flow back, which alternates the water-blocking effect and promotes gas desorption. This study provided a laboratory prediction method for verifying the effects of gas wettability alteration agents on coal gas extraction.</span></span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":372,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Natural Gas Science and Engineering","volume":"108 ","pages":"Article 104805"},"PeriodicalIF":4.965,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"3137328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Numerical simulation on the evolution of physical and mechanical characteristics of natural gas hydrate reservoir during depressurization production","authors":"Yujing Jiang ,&nbsp;Xianzhuang Ma ,&nbsp;Hengjie Luan ,&nbsp;Wei Liang ,&nbsp;Peng Yan ,&nbsp;Weiqiang Song ,&nbsp;Qinglin Shan","doi":"10.1016/j.jngse.2022.104803","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jngse.2022.104803","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>Changes in the physical and mechanical characteristics of the natural gas hydrate reservoir during </span>depressurization<span><span><span> production can affect safe and efficient production. In order to reveal the evolution law of reservoir physical and mechanical characteristics, based on the establishment of thermo-hydro-mechanical-chemical (THMC) multi-field coupling theoretical model, taking SH2 drilling platform<span> in Shenhu sea area of the South China Sea<span> as an example, COMSOL multiphysics is used to simulate the processes of depressurization production with a single horizontal well. The results show that, after the bottom hole pressure<span> began to decrease, the gas and water production rates immediately increased from zero to their respective peaks, and then decreased rapidly. The decomposition of hydrate is an endothermic process. The changes of temperature and pressure conditions have a significant impact on the decomposition of hydrate. Effective stress and Mises stress appear to be concentrated in the area of complete hydrate decomposition. Mises stress rises sharply at the location of the leading edge of decomposition, which needs to be alert to the risk of landslide. In the process of depressurization production, the top of the reservoir gradually appears </span></span></span></span>settlement behavior. The upper area of the horizontal well has a large amount of </span>subsidence, and reservoir modification can be implemented during production to improve the mechanical stability of the reservoir. The results are an important guide to achieve stable and continuous gas production.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":372,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Natural Gas Science and Engineering","volume":"108 ","pages":"Article 104803"},"PeriodicalIF":4.965,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"3271722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of decomposition water content of natural gas hydrate on permeability and gas production of clay sediments based on numerical simulation","authors":"Zhaoran Wu ,&nbsp;Qingkai Gu ,&nbsp;Guijing Li ,&nbsp;Zhengkun Zhao ,&nbsp;Yanghui Li","doi":"10.1016/j.jngse.2022.104826","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jngse.2022.104826","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>The solid phase swelling of the clay sediment is related to water from gas hydrate dissociation. Therefore, the relationships among decomposed water content, porosity and effective gas permeability in clay sediment are derived in this paper. A formula for predicting the evolution of effective gas permeability in sediments during clay particle expansion caused by decomposed water content is proposed, which is in good agreement with experimental data. The model of gas production from clay sediments by </span>depressurization<span> is established for the first time, which is verified by gas production rate obtained by gas production experiment. The results show that the porosity and gas phase permeability of clay sediments decrease with the increase of decomposed water content. Then, with the decrease of hydrate saturation, the effect of clay expansion caused by decomposed water content on porosity and gas phase permeability decreases. The amount of decomposed water needed for montmorillonite<span><span> to expand is less than that of illite. After the gas production rate drops suddenly at 3000s, it could be considered that </span>clay swelling affected by decomposed water basically ends.</span></span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":372,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Natural Gas Science and Engineering","volume":"108 ","pages":"Article 104826"},"PeriodicalIF":4.965,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"3271724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Water content measurements for liquid propane in equilibrium with water or hydrates: New measurements & evaluation of literature data","authors":"Abdulla Alassi,&nbsp;Rod Burgass,&nbsp;Antonin Chapoy","doi":"10.1016/j.jngse.2022.104732","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jngse.2022.104732","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Propane is utilised primarily for industrial sector and domestic applications. However, propane is considered a hydrate former. Thus, it is necessary to establish pressure and temperature conditions that ensure a hydrate-free zone. This requires determining the minimum amount of water required for the formation of hydrates and providing a thermodynamic model capable of determining the water content and predicting pressure and temperature conditions for hydrate dissociation. Consequently this study investigated the water content of liquid propane in equilibrium with liquid water or hydrates at pressures up to 8.274 MPa and temperatures between 211.15 K and 313.15 K. Using three different methods: a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM), a silicon oxide-based hygrometer and the new method developed by Burgass et al. (2021). In general, water content measurements determined from the new method and QCM were found to be in good agreement. The fluid phase behaviour of the system (propane + water) was modelled using the simplified Cubic-Plus-Association (sCPA-SRK) and the Soave-Redlich-Kwong (SRK) equation of state combined with the van der Waals classical and non-density-dependent (NDD) mixing rules, respectively. Both models provided similar results, although the sCPA-SRK model used only one adjustable parameter in contrast with the SRK model, which used three adjustable parameters. The experimental measurements from the new method and QCM to the sCPA-SRK and SRK-NDD models presented 4.5% and 4.5% deviation, respectively over temperature range of 276.15–313.15 K. In all cases, the hydrate-forming conditions were modelled using the van der Waals and Platteeuw's solid solution theory. Additionally, the sCPA-SRK + van der Waals and Platteeuw model calculations were compared against hydrate dissociation conditions, using used two adjustable Kihara parameters and showed overall good agreement when compared to data from the literature.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":372,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Natural Gas Science and Engineering","volume":"108 ","pages":"Article 104732"},"PeriodicalIF":4.965,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"3453543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deformation mechanism and displacement ability during CO2 displacing CH4 in coal seam under different temperatures","authors":"Zhenbao Li ,&nbsp;Xiaodong Sun ,&nbsp;Kaikai Zhao ,&nbsp;Changkui Lei ,&nbsp;Hu Wen ,&nbsp;Li Ma ,&nbsp;Chi-Min Shu","doi":"10.1016/j.jngse.2022.104838","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jngse.2022.104838","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Liquid CO₂<span> has the synergistic effect of low-temperature damage and displacing CH</span>₄<span> after injecting into the coal seam, which can effectively improve coalbed permeability and promptly promote the adsorbed CH</span>₄ to desorption state for preventing the coal and gas outburst disasters. The injected CO₂ gets adsorbed at the surface of the coal pores, which causes the coal swelling. In this work, we developed a triaxial experimental platform to explore the features of CO₂ displacing CH₄<span> under different temperatures. The variation of coal swelling and segmentation features of the displacing concentration was elucidated. The seepage ability and mechanism of gas mitigation in the coal seam during LCO</span>₂-ECBM were revealed. The results showed that the coal samples displayed swelling deformation in the CH₄ adsorption and CH₄ displacement stages, and the strain curves can be divided into rapid and slow deformation phases. The strain in the CO₂ displacing CH₄ stage is notably larger than that in the CH₄ adsorption stage. Three dominant results were obtained during the CH₄ displacement: Free CH₄ driving by CO₂ injection, CH₄ self-desorption, and CO₂–CH₄<span> competitive adsorption. The displacing flow rate increased swiftly in the initial stage, and then decreased to a stable tendency. The cumulative displacement volume of CH</span>₄<span> in different stages exhibited distinct functional relationships. The integrated contribution of the coal matrix shrinkage and thermal stress damage to gas seepage improvement was more prominent than that of the adsorption swelling to seepage inhibition in the coal seam.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":372,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Natural Gas Science and Engineering","volume":"108 ","pages":"Article 104838"},"PeriodicalIF":4.965,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"3453545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microstructural and mechanical property characterization of Argillaceous, Kerogen-rich, and Bituminous shale rocks","authors":"Raj Patel ,&nbsp;Yuwei Zhang ,&nbsp;Chia-Wei Lin ,&nbsp;Jose Guerrero ,&nbsp;Youjun Deng ,&nbsp;George M. Pharr ,&nbsp;Kelvin Y. Xie","doi":"10.1016/j.jngse.2022.104827","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jngse.2022.104827","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>Shale rocks have become an indispensable natural gas and oil source. Hence, the knowledge of the mechanical properties of shales is critical for field applications. In this work, we selected three types of shales (argillaceous, kerogen-rich, and bituminous) and conducted detailed chemical and microstructural characterization along with mechanical property measurements by nanoindentation<span>. The three shale samples have highly distinct mineral compositions. The argillaceous and kerogen-rich shales have soft matrix phases<span> - muscovite and kerogen, respectively. The bituminous shale, on the contrary, has no distinct matrix phase and is rich in carbonates. </span></span></span>Young's modulus<span><span> and hardness were observed to be predominantly affected by the mineral composition. The kerogen-rich shale has the lowest Young's modulus and hardness, followed by the argillaceous shale, while the bituminous shale is the stiffest and hardest. Young's modulus is anisotropic for all shales, but hardness does not follow this trend. The three shale samples also show varied </span>fracture behavior<span>. Apparent cracking and spallation<span> were noted in the argillaceous and bituminous shale, but not in the kerogen-rich shale. Cracks, when activated, tend to propagate along the bedding plane-parallel direction, regardless of the loading direction. We anticipate the new information and knowledge generated from this work has a significant contribution to applications such as drilling and hydraulic fracturing.</span></span></span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":372,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Natural Gas Science and Engineering","volume":"108 ","pages":"Article 104827"},"PeriodicalIF":4.965,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"2631316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of desulfurization strategies for methane gaseous direct injection engine on carbon dioxide emissions","authors":"Marcus Fischer ,&nbsp;Marco Günther ,&nbsp;Stefan Pischinger ,&nbsp;Ulrich Kramer ,&nbsp;Christian Nederlof ,&nbsp;Tobias van Almsick","doi":"10.1016/j.jngse.2022.104822","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jngse.2022.104822","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;The use of fuels produced with renewable electricity from wind and solar energy and with CO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span&gt; from unavoidable sources or directly captured form the air (so called e-Fuels) is of great interest as a proposition for further limiting the climate impact of road transportation. One of the most efficiently producible e-fuels is e-methane. Feeding methane from renewable sources into the gas grid is one of the most promising pathways to achieve carbon neutral road transportation on a well-to-wheel (WTW) basis. Currently, the use of odorants is mandatory in the gas grid. It is common that sulfur compounds&lt;span&gt; are used as odorants, which can lead to sulfur poisoning of the catalytic converters&lt;span&gt; if an internal combustion engine is operated with it. Consequently, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;desulfurization will be necessary to maintain high catalyst efficiency over lifetime, which will increase the tank-to-wheel (TTW) CO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span&gt; emissions through increased fuel consumption. For desulfurization, it is necessary to increase the catalyst brick temperature to levels above 800 °C. This paper investigates how such high temperatures can be realized and derive implications on engine operation and gas grid regulation. To this end, experimental studies were conducted with a 1-liter 3-cylinder prototype engine from Ford-Werke GmbH featuring variable intake valve&lt;span&gt; timing, a compression ratio of 14 and a turbocharger with variable turbine geometry (VTG). The engine was operated with gas &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;direct injection&lt;span&gt; at up to 16 bar pressure. The ECU software allowed to apply deliberate oscillations of the lambda signal (“wobbling” of the air/fuel ratio) and cylinder individual air/fuel ratios to achieve a sufficient exhaust aftertreatment. The three-way-catalyst for the investigations were particularly suitable for methane operation due to a high palladium loading and increased oxygen storage capacity of the washcoat. Different load points were used for the investigations, ranging from near idle to medium engine speed and load. The catalyst brick temperature was increased considerably by splitting the mean air/fuel ratio between lean and rich operation on different cylinders (so called “lambda spli”), which is limited by the ignition limits of air/methane charges. Furthermore, too extreme lambda split leads to unstable engine operation. Sufficient hydrocarbon reduction can be achieved at a catalyst brick temperature above 500 °C, which cannot be achieved for near idle load points without additional measures (e.g. electrically heated catalyst). Desulfurization of the catalyst requires brick temperatures above 800 °C and is accordingly not achievable with stable engine operation in a significantly large area of the low load operation conditions. In this case additional he","PeriodicalId":372,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Natural Gas Science and Engineering","volume":"108 ","pages":"Article 104822"},"PeriodicalIF":4.965,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"1826676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simulation research on solid fluidization exploitation of deepwater superficial layer natural gas hydrate reservoirs based on double-layer continuous pipe","authors":"Geng Zhang ,&nbsp;Jun Li ,&nbsp;Hongwei Yang ,&nbsp;Gonghui Liu ,&nbsp;Qin Pang ,&nbsp;Tong Wu ,&nbsp;Honglin Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.jngse.2022.104828","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jngse.2022.104828","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this paper, a new method for exploiting shallow marine natural hydrate reservoirs is proposed using a double-layer continuous pipe. In order to research the multiphase flow<span><span> behavior and hydrate decomposition characteristics during the hydrate mining process, a non-isothermal transient gas-liquid-solid multiphase flow model is established considering the coupling effect of multiphase flow, heat transfer and hydrate phase transition. The model's accuracy is verified by comparisons with laboratory and field data. Numerical simulation results show that the hydrate decomposition is slow in the first 2 h of mining, thus the volume fraction of each phase in the pipe changes little; with the increase of time, the volume fraction of each phase in the pipe changes significantly until it reaches a stable state after about 5 h of mining. When the mining rate exceeds 15 kg/s, the hydrate particles will not be fully and effectively transported, and a short time aggregation phenomenon will occur. Increasing the temperature of the injected seawater is beneficial to promote the hydrate decomposition, which in turn increases gas production. While, increasing the </span>wellhead<span> backpressure<span> and seawater displacement facilitates in reducing gas production. The research findings will be of reference value for gaining insight into studying complex multiphase flow behaviors involving hydrate phase transition and provide a new approach to exploiting subsea shallow natural gas hydrate reservoirs.</span></span></span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":372,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Natural Gas Science and Engineering","volume":"108 ","pages":"Article 104828"},"PeriodicalIF":4.965,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"1830304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}