IDOSR JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY最新文献

{"title":"Prevalence and control of Malaria in Pregnant Antenatal Mothers at Main Hospital, Iganga District, Eastern Uganda.","authors":"Mugoya, Mwesigwa Phillip","doi":"10.59298/idosr/2023/01.1.1204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59298/idosr/2023/01.1.1204","url":null,"abstract":"Malaria is a protozoal disease caused by Plasmodium spp parasite transmitted by an infected female mosquito as it bites the human host. It is one of the most common causes of infectious disease related deaths in the World with Africa bearing the largest proportion of the world's malaria burden because the region hosts the anopheles mosquito which is the most efficient malaria vectors, and also due to lack of the basic infrastructure and resources necessary for efficient and sustainable control of the malaria disease. Despite the wide control strategies, occurrence of malaria is on the increase with an estimated incidence rate of 37% globally and 42% in Africa. In Uganda, malaria is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality and is responsible for 40% of all outpatient visits, 25% of all hospital admission and 14%of all hospital deaths. The study objective was to determine the prevalence of malaria and associated control methods among pregnant women attending focused antenatal care at Iganga Main Hospital, Iganga District. A descriptive cross sectional study was conducted in June 2017 at Antenatal Care Clinic, Iganga Main Hospital, and Iganga District, Uganda. Quantitative data was collected by means of questionnaires covering a study population of 126 pregnant mothers where a systematic random sampling method was used. 52/126 (41.3%) were found positive to malaria parasites and majority of pregnant women were aged 20-30 years, these had highest infection rate of 44.2% (38/86),with primigravidas having the highest infection rate of 54.8%. It was also observed that according to gestational age of pregnancy, women of first trimester had the highest prevalence of 68.3% (28/41). The study showed that the most common barrier method used to prevent malaria was treated mosquito nets with 76/126 (60.3%). In general, pregnant mothers had fair knowledge about malaria control methods. Despite focused antenatal care and the awareness on malaria control methods, a malaria prevalence of 41.3% was scored. Therefore interventions aimed at social and behaviour change are necessary to address the gaps highlighted by the study. Keywords: Malaria, mosquito, Plasmodium, mosquito nets","PeriodicalId":372955,"journal":{"name":"IDOSR JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122902198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An SMS-Based Examination Relaying System: A Case Study of Kampala International University Main Campus.","authors":"Kizito Wamala","doi":"10.59298/idosr/2023/01.1.1200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59298/idosr/2023/01.1.1200","url":null,"abstract":"The implementation of mobile technologies makes it possible for us to have mobile information application. With this information can be delivered and accessed via various types of portable devices immediately. Mobile information provides mobile users with versatile communication to other people and expedient notification of important events, yet with much flexibility, portability and mobility. It also permits mobile users to have access to information regardless of their physical locations. Looking to the flexibility, portability and mobility offered by mobile technologies, here in this paper we will come out with one of mobile information application called SMS based exam result relaying system. This system will enable students to have access to their exam result via mobile phones. A successful system is a system that can fulfill user satisfaction and can be accepted by the users. Usability is one of the important factors in determining user acceptance toward a new system. In order to find out the usability of the system we conducted a usability testing and distributing questionnaire. The questionnaire is based on the four usability factors such as effectiveness, learnability, flexibility and attitude to determine students’ view on the SMS based exam result relaying system. The result of this study showed that the overall level of the usability for four construct (effectiveness, learnability, flexibility and attitude) in student’s point of view is in the acceptable level. Keywords: Usability, Mobile technologies, SMS-based, Mobile information.","PeriodicalId":372955,"journal":{"name":"IDOSR JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130531212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Occurrence of Malaria in HIV/AIDS Patients at Ishaka Adventist Hospital, Bushenyi District, Uganda.","authors":"Nassuna Ritah","doi":"10.59298/idosr/2023/01.1.1206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59298/idosr/2023/01.1.1206","url":null,"abstract":"The study assessed the prevalence of malaria in HIV/AIDS patients attending HIV clinic at Ishaka Adventist Hospital, the study objectives were to determine the proportion of HIV patients with malaria, to identify the clinical manifestations of malaria among HIV positive patients and to review different techniques used in diagnosis of malaria at Ishaka Adventist Hospital in Bushenyi district. A descriptive cross sectional study was used for known HIV positive patients attending Ishaka Adventist Hospital and involved systematic random sampling of participants. The study found out that malaria prevalence was high among HIV patients at 9.8%, nearly all patients who were diagonised with malaria reported having had fever previously 87.1% , the presentation of malaria can better be assesed as uncomplicated malaria and complicated malaria and in this study majority of the signs assessed were of uncomplicated malaria, diagnostic measures of laboratory remain the most perfect way of diagnosing malaria other than clinical assessment especially in HIV patients who are immunocompromised nd can be ill of various oppotunistic infection. Although various methods have been advanced to curb malaria epidemic , the prevalence is still high, so the the following are recommendation; the government should distribute more mosquito nets especially those whoare immunocompromissed like HIV patients, agencies for fighting malaria and those of HIV should work together inorder to reduce the number of HIV patients getting malaria infection, patients should be health educated on the main signs and symptoms of malaria such that they can quickly seek medical attention incase of the need, patients should be encouraged to take their ARVs to maintain their immunity relatively high so that they are not severely affected by malaria. Keywords: Ishaka, Adventist Hospital, Malaria, Immunocompromised, Infection.","PeriodicalId":372955,"journal":{"name":"IDOSR JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122211202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the Risk Factors and Prevalence of Cerebral Malaria in Children below 10 Years in Kiryandogo General Hospital.","authors":"Sande Kereen","doi":"10.59298/idosr/2023/01.1.1205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59298/idosr/2023/01.1.1205","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed at determining the prevalence and risk factors of cerebral malaria among children aged 10years and below in Kiryandogo General Hospital. The study was done in Kiryandogo General Hospital with target population of children diagnosed with cerebral malaria between February – December 2017 and constituted a sample size of 100 cases obtained using Kish and Leslie formula. The results were analyzed using descriptive method to calculate frequencies, proportions, means, measures of association and their 95% confidence intervals. Stepwise forward logistic regression was done for all variables that were significantly associated with cerebral malaria at the p=0.25 level on bivariate analysis to determine the independent factors associated with cerebral malaria. The results revealed that out of 100 cases that were enrolled into this study, the majority were male; 58.0% compared to females; 42.0%. the risk factors were found as follows; Caregiver factors associated with cerebral malaria among children were; having at least secondary education, being the mother of the child and female caregiver although not significant. Environmental factors that were significantly associated with Cerebral malaria were; staying in house under construction, staying in a house with open eaves or poorly covered windows, stagnant water within 10 meters from household and having received IRS 12 months preceding child's illness. Household related factors that were significantly protective of cerebral malaria were; sleeping under mosquito net every night and owning at least one ITN in the household. Patient related factors that were significantly associated with Cerebral malaria were; undernutrition and history of malaria illness. Health system factors that were significantly associated with Cerebral malaria among children were; distance between home and nearest health facility >10km, delayed diagnosis and having received antimalarial medicines at initial visit to a health facility. The study also revealed that children who were managed by a VHT were 1.53 times more likely to have cerebral malaria than those who were not. However, this finding was not statistically significant. A Stepwise forward logistic regression analysis revealed that patient related factors that were associated with mortality were; under nutrition and age <5 years. Caregiver healthcare seeking behavioural factors that were associated with mortality due to Cerebral malaria were; duration of child's symptoms before seeking medical care >2 days and first action taken was seeking medical care though not statistically significant. A bivariate analysis revealed the independent risk factors for Cerebral malaria as; distance >10km to the nearest health facility, duration of symptoms before seeking medical care >2 days, staying in a house under construction and duration of illness before receiving antimalarial medicines >24 hours. Owning at least one ITN in the household and having a mother as a caregive","PeriodicalId":372955,"journal":{"name":"IDOSR JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115232892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of alcohol consumption among youths in Kizinda Town, Bushenyi District, Uganda.","authors":"Maiga, Ayub Hussien","doi":"10.59298/idosr/2023/01.1.1201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59298/idosr/2023/01.1.1201","url":null,"abstract":"Globally it is stated that the consumption of alcohol has increased all over the world in the past decade. About 3.3 million deaths, or 5.9% of all global deaths, were attributable to alcohol consumption. Uganda was reported to have one of the highest levels of alcohol consumption in East Africa region. This study aimed at assessing “Knowledge and Practice on alcohol consumption among youth in Kizinda town Bushenyi district. A cross-sectional study design was used, target population were youth of age 15-30 years irrespective of sex. A sample size of 109 participants was used and data was obtained by using questionnaires, data entered into SPSS, analyzed and presented inform of pie charts, tables and graphs. 69(63.3%) of the respondents had faced problems as a result of alcohol, 77(70.6%) knew that alcohol consumption was associated with serious health and social consequences. 50(45.9%) said was associated with motor vehicle accident. Majority took Beers, larger or stout 39(35.8%), 49(45.0%) took alcohol with additives and soda 19(38.8%) as most used additive for reasons of favoring strong drink 20(40.8%). This study revealed that alcohol consumption was harmful and many got information on effects of alcohol from friends and classmates. Alcohol consumption was seen to be associated with motor vehicle accidents. Beers, lager or stout were the most taken. Keywords: Alcohol, Beers, Youths, Kizinda Town.","PeriodicalId":372955,"journal":{"name":"IDOSR JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114933759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Occurrence and Factors associated with Tuberculosis amid HIV Positive Adults Attending ART Clinic in Amuria District","authors":"Ekemu William","doi":"10.59298/idosr/2023/01.1.1202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59298/idosr/2023/01.1.1202","url":null,"abstract":"The prevalence of TB is increasing in many countries and is the leading infectious cause of death worldwide. Infection with HIV likewise, has emerged as the most important predisposing factor for developing TB in people co-infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The objective of study was to determine the prevalence and factors associated with Tuberculosis among HIV positive adults attending ART clinic in Amuria health Centre IV in Amuria district. A cross sectional study design, descriptive in nature was used in which a total of 150 clients participated. Majority of participants were aged 30-40 with 36%, of this patients, 97(64.67%) were female and 53(35.3%) were males. TB incidence was 7.33% males were sputum positive and sputum positive females were 5.33% which totaled to 12.66% positive respondents. Among the social exposure characteristics, exposure characteristics, 60.67% responded yes to asked questions and 39.33% replied no to the questions with 28% in smoking cigarettes. Environmental factors, overcrowding showed highest percentage (16%), followed by non-permanent housing (15.33%). The findings highlight, occupation, age (31-50), low education level, smoking status, alcohol intake, and overcrowding, unemployment associated with TB co infection. There is need for on-going educational, informational and other interventions to address the risk factors of tuberculosis in HIV Adults in order to decrease the rate of TB co-infection. Keywords: Mycobacterium tuberculosis, co-infection, HIV, ART.","PeriodicalId":372955,"journal":{"name":"IDOSR JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114449524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}