IDOSR JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY最新文献

{"title":"Assessment of Trichomoniasis Prevalence and Healthcare Provider Knowledge among Pregnant Women: A Study at Luweero General Hospital, Uganda","authors":"Musisi Fred","doi":"10.59298/idosr/jst/24/101.235156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59298/idosr/jst/24/101.235156","url":null,"abstract":"Trichomoniasis, a prevalent sexually transmitted infection caused by Trichomonas vaginalis, significantly impacts maternal and fetal health, particularly during pregnancy. This study investigated trichomoniasis prevalence and healthcare provider knowledge among pregnant women attending antenatal services at Luweero General Hospital in Uganda. A cross-sectional study involving 385 pregnant women was conducted, with vaginal swabs examined for T. vaginalis presence. Additionally, healthcare providers' knowledge regarding trichomoniasis was assessed. Results indicated a low prevalence (1.8%) of trichomoniasis among the study population. Notably, midwives and nursing aides demonstrated the highest levels of knowledge. The age group most affected was 16-25 years old. These findings highlight the importance of continuous medical education for healthcare providers and targeted interventions to increase awareness among pregnant women, ultimately mitigating the burden of trichomoniasis in maternal health. Keywords: Trichomoniasis, Trichomonas vaginalis, pregnant women, antenatal services, prevalence, healthcare providers, knowledge, Uganda, sexually transmitted infections, maternal health","PeriodicalId":372955,"journal":{"name":"IDOSR JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY","volume":"100 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140787208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding Knowledge, Attitude, and Uptake of Cervical Cancer Screening among Women in Kiryandongo General Hospital","authors":"Ezra Conrad Kironde","doi":"10.59298/idosr/jst/24/101.233439","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59298/idosr/jst/24/101.233439","url":null,"abstract":"Cervical cancer remains a significant public health concern globally, particularly in low-income countries where mortality rates are disproportionately high. This cross-sectional study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude, and uptake of cervical cancer screening among reproductive-aged women attending Kiryandongo General Hospital in Uganda. A sample size of 288 participants was determined using a modified Daniel’s formula, and data was collected using investigator-administered questionnaires. Results revealed that while the majority of participants had heard about cervical cancer, knowledge about its causative agent, risk factors, and preventive measures was low. Despite this, a considerable proportion expressed positive attitudes towards screening and willingness to undergo screening. However, the uptake of cervical cancer screening was alarmingly low, with only 4.9% of participants having been screened. These findings underscore the urgent need for comprehensive awareness campaigns and improved access to screening services in order to address the knowledge gaps and increase uptake of cervical cancer screening among women in the study area. Keywords: Cervical Cancer Screening, Pap smears, Health education, Knowledge, Attitude, Uptake, Reproductive-aged women","PeriodicalId":372955,"journal":{"name":"IDOSR JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY","volume":"29 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140790640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors Contributing to the Prevalence of Diarrhea in Children Under the age of 5 years at Hoima Regional Referral Hospital, Western Uganda","authors":"Mugisha Christopher","doi":"10.59298/idosr/jst/24/101.122239","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59298/idosr/jst/24/101.122239","url":null,"abstract":"Three or more loose stools per day, or more frequent passages than is typical for an individual, are considered diarrhea. In addition to rapidly resulting in dehydration, diarrhea can negatively affect a child's growth and cognitive development. Since children have a larger surface area and lose fluids more quickly, diarrhea can lead to dehydration and mortality as well as long-term consequences like malnutrition. Even though the majority of diarrhea episodes in children are minor, acute occurrences can cause significant fluid loss and dehydration. If fluids are not replaced as soon as diarrhea appears, this might lead to death or other serious effects. Fortunately, diarrhea is curable and preventative. In this study, the causes of diarrheal illnesses in children under five who are patients at Hoima Regional Referral Hospital were evaluated. This was a cross-sectional, descriptive study. It employed both quantitative and qualitative research techniques for gatheringand analyzing data. Youngsters under the age of five who experienced diarrhea within the six months before to the study were examined. There were 241 in the sample. Children under five who visit Hoima Regional Referral Hospital have a moderately high prevalence of diarrhea. The age range of 1-3 years old, having an open spring or well as a water source, and discarding household waste within the compound have all been linked to an increase in the occurrence of diarrhea. While caregivers could accurately advice regarding preventive measures, their understanding of the proper treatment of severe diarrhea was lacking, particularly with regard to dehydration. Therefore, in order to reduce the high rate of diarrhea in children under five, the government should make it very easy for people to access safe water. Health education programs focusing on these aspects should also be strengthened in order to train caregivers in home management, which will effectively and sustainably contribute to a reduction in child mortality. Keywords: Dehydration, Diarrhea, Health education, Child mortality, Children","PeriodicalId":372955,"journal":{"name":"IDOSR JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY","volume":"84 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140792781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices of Adolescents towards STI Prevention: A Study in Bugembe Health Center IV, Jinja District","authors":"Mudondo Rebecca Namuyangu","doi":"10.59298/idosr/jst/24/101.233542","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59298/idosr/jst/24/101.233542","url":null,"abstract":"Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) remain a significant public health concern globally, particularly among adolescents. Despite efforts to combat STIs, rates continue to rise, especially in developed countries like Sweden, Germany, France, and Britain. This study assesses the knowledge, attitude, and practices of adolescents aged 17–24 towards STI prevention at Bugembe Health Center IV, Jinja District, Uganda. Through a descriptive study involving 138 participants, data was collected using questionnaires. Results revealed that while 55.8% of adolescents demonstrated good knowledge and 58.7% exhibited positive attitudes towards STI prevention, there were poor practices observed, including low condom usage (59.4%) and engagement in risky sexual behaviors such as having multiple partners (23.1%). The study underscores the need for intensified sensitization campaigns, youth-friendly reproductive health sessions, and increased condom distribution at lower levels to enhance STI prevention among adolescents. Such interventions are crucial for reducing STI prevalence and promoting adolescent sexual health. Keywords: Adolescents, Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs), Knowledge, Attitude, Practices, Bugembe Health Center IV, Jinja District, Uganda.","PeriodicalId":372955,"journal":{"name":"IDOSR JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY","volume":"59 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140794074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and Factors Associated with Unwanted Pregnancies among Female Students between 15 and 35 Years at Kampala International University Western Campus Ishaka Bushenyi","authors":"Ampaire Egidius","doi":"10.59298/idosr/jst/24/101.11139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59298/idosr/jst/24/101.11139","url":null,"abstract":"An unwanted pregnancy is either mistimed or unwanted at the time of conception. It was a core concept in understanding the fertility of populations and the unmet need for contraception. In this context, low use of contraception and high rates of maternal mortality make preventing unwanted pregnancies critical. The study conducted by Global Health Action in 2018 revealed that the non-use of contraception among Ugandan university students differs for men and women. A systematic sampling method was used to select 300 participants, of whom all female students taking health science courses were selected. This study was an institutional-based cross-sectional study. The study showed that having good knowledge of contraceptive use at an odds ratio of 0.91 (0.24–1.47) and a p-value of 0.001 and proper use of contraceptives at a p-value of 0.004 and an odds ratio of 0.60 (0.36–6.67) were significant factors in reducing unwanted pregnancies. The study recommends that students should be encouraged to use family planning to reduce the occurrence of unwanted pregnancies. There should be continued sensitization of students about unwanted pregnancies and the dangers of early sex involvement. Keywords: Unwanted pregnancy, contraceptive use, Conception, Ugandan university students, Family planning.","PeriodicalId":372955,"journal":{"name":"IDOSR JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY","volume":"60 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140784243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Presence of Malaria Infection among Pregnant Women: Insights from Jinja Regional Referral Hospital","authors":"Nasuna Sumayia","doi":"10.59298/idosrjst/01.2.13111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59298/idosrjst/01.2.13111","url":null,"abstract":"Malaria, transmitted by female Anopheles mosquitoes and caused by plasmodium, manifests in symptoms like fever, chills, vomiting, and anemia, posing heightened risks to pregnant women and young children. This study investigated malaria prevalence and contributing factors among pregnant women attending antenatal clinics at Jinja Regional Referral Hospital from January to June 2019, employing a retrospective cross-sectional approach utilizing existing records. Throughout the study period, the prevalence of malaria infection remained consistently low at 20%. Socioeconomic status emerged as a significant factor affecting malaria treatment, with lower economic standing correlating with higher incidence. While 80% of participants exhibited knowledge about malaria-related complications and preventive measures such as using insecticide-treated mosquito nets and eliminating stagnant water, 20% lacked this crucial awareness. Notably, a disparity was observed in malaria cases between well-educated and less educated attendees at the health unit, with fewer instances among the more educated individuals. Maternal complications primarily centered around anemia, while occurrences of low birth weight and stillbirth were relatively uncommon, attributed to prompt diagnosis and treatment. The study highlighted fluctuating malaria prevalence, indicating the need for extensive awareness campaigns, particularly concerning intermittent preventive treatment during pregnancy (IPT1 and IPT2). Collaborative efforts involving the community, government, hospitals, and even spouses are crucial to disseminate crucial information. Encouraging the consistent use of insecticide-treated mosquito nets during pregnancy should be emphasized, although this aspect wasn't specifically addressed in the study. Keywords: Malaria infection, Maternal mortality, Pregnant women, Antenatal care.","PeriodicalId":372955,"journal":{"name":"IDOSR JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY","volume":"68 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139315540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the Public Perception Regarding Malaria during Pregnancy among Expectant Mothers at Bitereko Health Center III in Mitooma District","authors":"Ahimbisibwe Annah","doi":"10.59298/idosrjst/01.3.13111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59298/idosrjst/01.3.13111","url":null,"abstract":"The study aimed to evaluate how pregnant mothers at Bitereko Health Center III in Mitooma district perceive malaria during pregnancy and propose preventive interventions. Employing a descriptive cross-sectional design encompassing qualitative and quantitative methods, the research involved 100 participants from the health center. Data analysis utilized Microsoft Excel and SPSS software. Results indicated that 80% of pregnant women were knowledgeable about malaria prevention, including the use of insecticide-treated nets and environmental measures like clearing bushes and stagnant water. However, 20% lacked awareness regarding preventive measures. Identified predisposing risk factors for malaria during pregnancy encompassed poor nutrition, poverty hindering access to balanced diets, unsanitary conditions fostering mosquito breeding sites, and inadequate antenatal care. The study found significant associations between age, occupation, mental state, and education level with knowledge and perception of malaria in pregnancy. Recommendations included government-led health education during antenatal care focusing on malaria causes, prevention, and management of associated complications. Regular medical check-ups before and after delivery were encouraged, along with the consistent use of mosquito nets and other preventive measures against malaria. Keywords: Malaria in pregnancy, Insecticide-treated mosquito nets, Pregnant mothers, Mosquito, antenatal care.","PeriodicalId":372955,"journal":{"name":"IDOSR JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139315593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Causes of Suboptimal Eating Habits in Children Ages 0-5 Hospitalized at Hoima Regional Referral Hospital's Pediatric Ward","authors":"Kaduku Rasuri","doi":"10.59298/idosrjst/01.1.13111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59298/idosrjst/01.1.13111","url":null,"abstract":"Healthy feeding habits significantly impact the well-being of individuals within communities by providing essential nutrients for growth and development. This study aimed to examine the various factors influencing inadequate feeding patterns among children under five years old admitted to Hoima Regional Referral Hospital's pediatric ward. Employing both quantitative and qualitative methods, the study highlighted key findings from interviews with respondents. Notably, a significant portion of parents (42.7%) of hospitalized children fell within the 16-30 age group. The focus on this age bracket stemmed from the critical phase of weaning children from breastfeeding, potentially impacting their immune systems—a concern highlighted by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2008 regarding the hospitalization of under-five children due to malaria and compromised immune statuses after weaning. The study emphasized the profound impact of illness on feeding patterns, with approximately 47.2% of children experiencing frequent sickness and 47.5% undergoing changes in treatment during their hospital stay. Financial constraints were also a prevalent issue, with nearly 40% of mothers lacking funds at some point, directly affecting their ability to maintain adequate feeding practices and potentially leading to malnutrition in children under five. Overall, the study identified illness as a primary driver of poor feeding habits among hospitalized children, often resulting in loss of appetite and vomiting. Concurrently, poverty emerged as another significant contributor to inadequate feeding practices in this demographic, highlighting the multifaceted nature of challenges affecting the nutritional well-being of under-five children in the hospital setting. Keywords: Good feeding, Poor feeding patterns, Pediatric ward, Children under five, Mothers.","PeriodicalId":372955,"journal":{"name":"IDOSR JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY","volume":"170 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139337041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determinants Affecting the Adoption of Vasectomy as a Family Planning Method among Married Men in Kiziranfumbi Sub-County, Kikuube District","authors":"Tibeita Semu","doi":"10.59298/idosrjst/01.4.13111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59298/idosrjst/01.4.13111","url":null,"abstract":"Despite its reliability, vasectomy remains an underutilized family planning choice among men, being prevalent in only a handful of countries. Globally, its use stands at 2%, with sub-Saharan Africa reporting less than 100,000 cases by 2019 and a mere 0.4% utilization in Uganda. To investigate this, a cross-sectional community-based study was conducted to scrutinize the factors influencing the acceptance of vasectomy among married men in Kiziranfumbi sub-county, Kikuube district. Three parishes—Bulimya, Munteme, and Kidoma—were chosen, and 384 married men residing in the area for over six months were selected through systematic random sampling. The majority fell within the 21-30 age range (30.2%), with the Banyoro tribe comprising 66.4%, Catholics at 53.9%, primary education level at 70.6%, and 82.6% engaged in peasant farming. Monogamous marriages (69%) were prevalent, lasting between 5-25 years (69%), and with less than five children (50.8%). While 85.9% were aware of vasectomy, sources of information varied—32.6% from health workers and 25.3% from family and friends. Misconceptions persisted, with 52.1% uncertain about its impact on sexual function and 19.3% mistaking it for castration. Cultural influences loomed large, with 45.8% citing cultural beliefs as influencing their decision, 35.7% considering it culturally unacceptable, and 38.8% labeling it taboo. Furthermore, 42.2% believed vasectomy diminished men’s societal role. The study revealed a generally low level of knowledge (mean 2.1189, SD 0.38994), a high prevalence of negative attitudes (mean 3.1289, SD 0.30335), and strong cultural beliefs (mean 2.8620, SD 0.58887) against vasectomy. However, despite these barriers, 46.6% expressed an intention to opt for vasectomy, influenced significantly by knowledge (P 0.011) and cultural beliefs (P 0.000), contributing to 51.5% of the observed intention to uptake vasectomy. Addressing these hurdles will require widespread vasectomy awareness campaigns through health education, with a focus on male involvement in family planning to enhance the acceptance and uptake of vasectomy as a viable choice. Keywords: associated factors, vasectomy, family planning","PeriodicalId":372955,"journal":{"name":"IDOSR JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139336967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aluminium 6061 and Hybridized Agro-Marine Waste Particulate Composite: Review.","authors":"O. Barah, K. Onyelowe, Emmanuel B. O. Olotu, M. Dennison","doi":"10.59298/idosr/jst/03.1.12007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59298/idosr/jst/03.1.12007","url":null,"abstract":"The use of agro-marine waste particulates in composites has gained attention as a result of the desire for sustainable and cost-effective materials. In this review, the biomechanical and crystallography properties of AA 6061 alloy reinforcement of various agro-marine waste particulates were investigated, including sugarcane bagasse, fly ash, coconut shell, eggshell, and seashell. The addition of agro-marine waste particulates significantly improved the mechanical characteristics of the composites, with coconut and egg shells hybridization showing the highest advancement in strength and resistance. TEM analysis confirmed good interfacial bonding. Agro-marine waste particulates are a promising candidate for sustainable and low-cost reinforcement materials in composites, owing to their abundance and environmental benefits. This review discusses recent research on how to use agro-marine particulates as reinforcement resources in Aluminium 6061 composites, including their mechanical, physical, and microstructural properties. The incorporation of agro-marine waste particulates has shown a substantial enhancement of the structural characteristics of the admixture, particularly tensile strength, stiffness, and resistivity of wear. Hybridization of different agro-marine waste particulates has further enhanced the quality of the composites, with microstructural analysis confirming good interfacial bonding. However, challenges such as optimizing processing methods, enhancing interfacial bonding, and assessing long-term durability must be addressed to realize the full potential of agro-marine waste particulates as reinforcement materials. This review highlights the potential of agromarine waste particulates as sustainable and low-cost reinforcement materials in Aluminium 6061 composites, which can contribute to environmental sustainability and improve the performance of composites in various applications. Future research should focus on addressing the challenges to optimize the properties of agro-marine waste particulatereinforced composites. Keywords: AA6061 composites, Agro-marine waste, Particulate composite, Sustainability, Interfacial bonding, Mechanical properties, Processing methods.","PeriodicalId":372955,"journal":{"name":"IDOSR JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131685043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}