Transgender Health最新文献

{"title":"Gender-Affirming Hormone Therapy for the Trans, Gender Diverse, and Nonbinary Community: Coordinating World Professional Association for Transgender Health and Informed Consent Models of Care.","authors":"Pravik Solanki, David Colon-Cabrera, Chris Barton, Peter Locke, Ada S Cheung, Cassandra Spanos, Julian Grace, Jaco Erasmus, Riki Lane","doi":"10.1089/trgh.2021.0069","DOIUrl":"10.1089/trgh.2021.0069","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Before commencing gender-affirming hormone therapy, people undergo assessments through the World Professional Association for Transgender Health (WPATH) model (typically with a mental health clinician), or an informed consent (IC) model (without a formal mental health assessment). Despite growing demand, these remain poorly coordinated in Australia. We aimed to compare clients attending WPATH and IC services; compare binary and nonbinary clients; and characterize clients with psychiatric diagnoses or longer assessments.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Cross-sectional audit of clients approved for gender-affirming treatment (March 2017-2019) at a specialist clinic (WPATH model, <i>n</i>=212) or a primary care clinic (IC model, <i>n</i>=265). Sociodemographic, mental health, and clinical data were collected from electronic records, and analyzed with pairwise comparisons and multivariable regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>WPATH model clients had more psychiatric diagnoses (mean 1.4 vs. 1.1, <i>p</i><0.001) and longer assessments for hormones (median 5 vs. 2 sessions, <i>p</i><0.001) than IC model clients. More IC model clients than WPATH model clients were nonbinary (27% vs. 15%, <i>p</i>=0.016). Nonbinary clients had more psychiatric diagnoses (mean 1.7 vs. 1.1, <i>p</i><0.001) and longer IC assessments (median 3 vs. 2 sessions, <i>p</i><0.001) than binary clients. Total psychiatric diagnoses were associated with nonbinary identities (<i>β</i> 0.7, <i>p</i>=0.001) and health care cards (<i>β</i> 0.4, <i>p</i>=0.017); depression diagnoses were associated with regional/remote residence (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 2.2, <i>p</i>=0.011); and anxiety disorders were associated with nonbinary identities (aOR 2.8, <i>p</i>=0.012) and inversely associated with employment (aOR 0.5, <i>p</i>=0.016).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>WPATH model clients are more likely to have binary identities, mental health diagnoses, and longer assessments than IC model clients. Better coordination is needed to ensure timely gender-affirming care.</p>","PeriodicalId":37265,"journal":{"name":"Transgender Health","volume":"8 2","pages":"137-148"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10066762/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9248505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determining the Sex Assigned at Birth of Transgender and Nonbinary Populations in Administrative Claims Databases Utilizing Diagnostic and Procedure Codes.","authors":"Caleb Haley, Anca Tilea, Daphna Stroumsa, Molly B Moravek, Vanessa K Dalton, Halley P Crissman","doi":"10.1089/trgh.2021.0127","DOIUrl":"10.1089/trgh.2021.0127","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Widespread conflation of sex assigned at birth and gender has hindered the identification of transgender and nonbinary people in large datasets. The study objective was to develop a method of determining the sex assigned at birth of transgender and nonbinary patients utilizing sex-specific diagnostic and procedural codes, for future use in administrative claims databases, with a goal of expanding the available datasets for exploring sex-specific conditions among transgender and nonbinary people.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Authors reviewed indexes of International Classification of Diseases (ICD) and Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) codes, and medical record data from a single institution's gender-affirming clinics. Sex-specific ICD and CPT codes were identified through author review and consultation with subject experts. Patient's sex assigned at birth determined by chart review, as a gold standard, was compared with sex assigned at birth determined by querying their electronic health records for natal sex-specific codes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sex-specific codes correctly identified 53.5% (<i>n</i>=364) of transgender and nonbinary patients assigned female sex at birth, and 17.3% (<i>n</i>=108) of those assigned male sex at birth. Codes were 95.7% and 98.3% specific for assigned female and male sex at birth, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>ICD and CPT codes can be used to specifically determine the sex assigned at birth in databases where this information is not recorded. This methodology has novel potential for use in exploring sex-specific conditions among transgender and nonbinary patients in administrative claims data.</p>","PeriodicalId":37265,"journal":{"name":"Transgender Health","volume":"8 2","pages":"130-136"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10066769/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9302112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Through a Different Lens: Occupational Health of Sex-Working Young Trans Women.","authors":"Marla Renee Fisher,&nbsp;Caitlin Turner,&nbsp;Willi McFarland,&nbsp;Aaron Samuel Breslow,&nbsp;Erin C Wilson,&nbsp;Sean Arayasirikul","doi":"10.1089/trgh.2021.0109","DOIUrl":"10.1089/trgh.2021.0109","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Sex work is a common form of work among young trans women (YTW). Methods: Using an occupational health frame, we measured associations between demographics, sex work, and vocational outcomes in 18-month visit data from the SHINE study (n=263, San Francisco). Results: Overall, 41.8% reported lifetime sex work, primarily escorting/paid sex. Motivations included “better pay” and “can't get a job due to gender discrimination.” Occupational injuries included anxiety (53.6%) and depression (50%), with significantly higher relative risk for YTW doing multiple types of sex work. Criminalization experiences (i.e., incarceration, arrests, and police interaction) were common. Conclusion: Results echo calls for sex worker-affirming mental health care for YTW.","PeriodicalId":37265,"journal":{"name":"Transgender Health","volume":"8 2","pages":"200-206"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/39/03/trgh.2021.0109.PMC10066761.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9302106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding the Complex Relationship Between One's Body, Eating, Exercise, and Gender-Affirming Medical Care Among Transgender and Nonbinary Adolescents and Young Adults.","authors":"An Pham, Hannah Kerman, Katie Albertson, Julia M Crouch, David J Inwards-Breland, Kym R Ahrens","doi":"10.1089/trgh.2021.0112","DOIUrl":"10.1089/trgh.2021.0112","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Gender dysphoria has been linked to body dissatisfaction, which can affect an individual's eating and exercise habits and increase their risk for disordered eating. The prevalence of eating disorders among transgender and nonbinary (TGNB) adolescents and young adults (AYA) ranges from 5% to 18% and studies have found a higher risk of disordered eating among these AYA in comparison to their cisgender peers. However, there is minimal research on why TGNB AYA are at higher risk. The aim of this study is to understand unique factors that define a TGNB AYA's relationship between their body and food, how this relationship may be affected by gender-affirming medical care, and how these relationships may contribute to disordered eating.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 23 TGNB AYA were recruited from a multidisciplinary gender-affirming clinic to participate in semistructured interviews. Transcripts were analyzed using Braun and Clarke's theory of thematic analysis (2006).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The average age of participants was 16.9 years. Forty-four percent of participants identified as having a transfeminine gender identity, 39% transmasculine, and 17% nonbinary/gender fluid. Five themes emerged regarding TGNB participants' relationship to food and exercise: gender dysphoria and control over one's body, societal expectations of gender, mental health and safety concerns, emotional and physical changes with gender-affirming medical care, and recommended resources for TGNB AYA.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>By understanding these unique factors, clinicians can provide targeted and sensitive care when screening and managing disordered eating among TGNB AYA.</p>","PeriodicalId":37265,"journal":{"name":"Transgender Health","volume":"8 2","pages":"149-158"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10066775/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9302107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Supporting Gender-Related Medical Decision Making for Transgender and Gender-Diverse Individuals: A Scoping Review.","authors":"Amy Lambert, Ashli Pratt, Lee Ann E Conard, Elaine Grigg Dean, Erica Page, Lisa M Vaughn, Ellen A Lipstein","doi":"10.1089/trgh.2021.0030","DOIUrl":"10.1089/trgh.2021.0030","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Transgender and gender-diverse (TGD) individuals and their families face numerous challenging decisions. To better understand their decision processes, we conducted a scoping review of the existing literature and of decision-support tools in use at pediatric gender-care clinics.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We searched PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus CINAHL, PsychINFO, and EBM Reviews for studies that were original research focused on decisions, decision making, or decision support for TGD individuals and/or their families. All studies were reviewed for inclusion by at least two researchers. Additionally, we reviewed clinical tools used to support decision making by TGD youth and their families.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We retrieved 3306 articles. Thirty-two met criteria for data extraction. Studies focused on three major decisions: gender-confirming surgery, fertility preservation, and gender-affirming hormone therapy. Several themes that cut across clinical topics emerged: decision-making processes, decision-making roles, and sources of decision support. Only three articles focused on decision-support interventions, two of which discussed development of support tools and one evaluated a class designed to help with surgical decision making. None of the clinical tools reviewed met criteria for a decision aid.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>There is a dearth of studies related to decision support interventions, an absence validated by the resources currently in clinical use. This scoping review suggests an opportunity for the development of tools to aid in the decision-making processes for TGD youth and their families.</p>","PeriodicalId":37265,"journal":{"name":"Transgender Health","volume":"8 2","pages":"113-123"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10066778/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9302109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validation of the Nine-Item Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder Screen Among Transgender and Nonbinary Youth and Young Adults.","authors":"Hana F Zickgraf, Sarah K Garwood, Christopher B Lewis, Andrea M Giedinghagen, Jamie L Reed, Whitney R Linsenmeyer","doi":"10.1089/trgh.2021.0021","DOIUrl":"10.1089/trgh.2021.0021","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose of the study was to provide initial evidence for the internal consistency and convergent validity of the nine-item avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder screen (NIAS) in a sample of transgender and nonbinary (TGNB) youth and young adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Returning patients at a Midwestern gender clinic (<i>n</i>=164) ages 12-23 completed the NIAS, sick, control, one stone, fat, food (SCOFF), patient health questionnaire 9 (PHQ-9), and generalized anxiety disorder 7 (GAD-7) during their clinic visit. Age, sex assigned at birth, gender identity, weight, and height were also collected. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to establish the hypothesized three-factor structure of the NIAS in this sample. Relationships between the NIAS subscales and anthropometric data, SCOFF, PHQ-9, GAD-7, and sex assigned at birth were explored for convergent and divergent validity, and proposed screening cutoff scores were used to identify the prevalence of likely avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) in this population.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The three-factor structure of the NIAS was an excellent fit to the current data. Approximately one in five (22%) of the participants screened positive for ARFID. Approximately one in four participants scored above the picky eating (27.4%) or appetite (23.9%) cutoffs. Assigned female at birth participants scored significantly higher on the NIAS-Total, Appetite, and Fear subscales than those assigned male at birth. NIAS-Total was significantly related to all convergent validity variables other than age, with a moderate-strong correlation with other symptom screeners (SCOFF, PHQ-9, GAD-7), and a small negative correlation with body mass index percentile.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Evidence supports the NIAS as a valid measure to screen for ARFID among TGNB youth and young adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":37265,"journal":{"name":"Transgender Health","volume":"8 2","pages":"159-167"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10066774/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9302108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effects of Gender-Affirming Hormone Therapy on Body Satisfaction, Self-Esteem, Quality of Life, and Psychopathology in People with Female-to-Male Gender Dysphoria.","authors":"Hülya Filipov, Yasin Kavla, Serdar Şahin, Mehmet Enes Gökler, Şenol Turan","doi":"10.1089/trgh.2021.0139","DOIUrl":"10.1089/trgh.2021.0139","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Gender-affirming hormone therapy (GAHT) is one of the most important therapeutic interventions sought by people with gender dysphoria (GD). In the present study, we aimed to examine the effects of GAHT on body satisfaction, self-esteem, quality of life, and psychopathology in people with female-to-male (FtM) GD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirty-seven FtM GD participants who did not receive any gender-affirming therapy, 35 FtM GD participants who received GAHT for over 6 months, and 38 cisgender women were included in the study. The Body Cathexis Scale (BCS), Rosenberg Self Esteem Scale (RSES), World Health Organization's Quality of Life Questionnaire Brief Form (WHOQOL-BREF), and Symptom Checklist-90-Revised (SCL-90-R) were completed by all participants.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The BCS scores of the untreated group were significantly lower than both the GAHT group and the female controls (<i>p</i><0.001); while the WHOQOL-BREF-psychological health scores of the untreated group were significantly lower than those of the female controls (<i>p</i>=0.003). The psychoticism subscale scores on the SCL-90-R of the untreated group were higher than those of the GAHT group (<i>p</i>=0.04) as well as the female controls (<i>p</i>=0.003). With regard to the RSES, there were no significant differences between the groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings suggest that people with FtM GD who receive GAHT are more satisfied with their bodies and have less psychopathological problems compared to those who do not receive GAHT, but their quality of life and self-esteem do not change as a result of GAHT.</p>","PeriodicalId":37265,"journal":{"name":"Transgender Health","volume":"8 2","pages":"168-174"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10066770/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9248500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Community-Led Response to Address Economic Vulnerability due to COVID-19 with, for, and by Transgender Women of Color: A Qualitative Pilot Evaluation.","authors":"Kristi E Gamarel, Laura Jadwin-Cakmak, Wesley M King, Lilianna A Reyes, Racquelle Trammell, Torsten B Neilands, Maureen D Connolly, Larissa Jennings Mayo-Wilson","doi":"10.1089/trgh.2021.0115","DOIUrl":"10.1089/trgh.2021.0115","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Intersectional stigma fuels inequities among transgender women of color, which have been exacerbated by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This study evaluated a community-led emergency assistance program for transgender women of color.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a pilot program evaluation (<i>n</i>=8).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Retention was 87.5% over the follow-up. Funds were primarily used for bills, food, and housing. Requesting and receiving funds was described as \"somewhat to extremely easy.\" Participants identified the need for economic empowerment components in future programming, specifically gender affirmation, skill-building for education and employment, and entrepreneurial opportunities.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Findings highlight the need to invest in community-led strategies to address inequities experienced by transgender women of color.</p>","PeriodicalId":37265,"journal":{"name":"Transgender Health","volume":"8 2","pages":"195-199"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10066767/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9602322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Techniques and Applications of Lower Extremity Feminization and Masculinization.","authors":"Ian T Nolan, Elizabeth Shepard, Marco Swanson, Shane D Morrison, Alexes Hazen","doi":"10.1089/trgh.2020.0178","DOIUrl":"10.1089/trgh.2020.0178","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Significant differences exist between feminine and masculine lower extremities, and this region contributes to gender dysphoria in transgender and nonbinary individuals.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic review was conducted for primary literature on lower extremity (LE) gender affirmation techniques as well as anthropometric differences between male and female lower extremities, which could guide surgical planning. Multiple databases were searched for articles before June 2, 2021 using Medical Subject Headings. Data on techniques, outcomes, complications, and anthropometrics were collected.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 852 unique articles were identified: 17 met criteria for male and female anthropometrics and 1 met criteria for LE surgical techniques potentially applicable to gender affirmation. None met criteria for LE gender affirmation techniques specifically. Therefore, this review was expanded to discuss surgical techniques for the LE, targeting masculine and feminine anthropometric ideals. LE masculinization can target feminine qualities, such as mid-lateral gluteal fullness and excess subcutaneous fat in the thigh and hips. Feminization can target masculine qualities like a low waist-to-hip ratio, mid-lateral gluteal concavity, calf hypertrophy, and body hair. Cultural differences and patient body habitus, which influence what is considered \"ideal\" for both sexes, should be discussed. Applicable techniques include hormone therapy, lipo-contouring, fat grafting, implant placement, and botulinum toxin injection, among others.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Due to lack of existing outcomes-based literature, gender affirmation of the lower extremities will rely on application of an array of existing plastic surgery techniques. However, quality outcomes data for these procedures is required to determine best practices.</p>","PeriodicalId":37265,"journal":{"name":"Transgender Health","volume":"8 1","pages":"45-55"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9991449/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9453846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Perceived Health Implications of Policies and Rhetoric Targeting Transgender and Gender Diverse Youth: A Community-Based Qualitative Study.","authors":"Megan S Paceley, Zosimo A Dikitsas, Emera Greenwood, Lauren B McInroy, Jessica N Fish, Natasha Williams, Michael R Riquino, Malcolm Lin, Sara Birnel Henderson, Deborah S Levine","doi":"10.1089/trgh.2021.0125","DOIUrl":"10.1089/trgh.2021.0125","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>In early 2021, >50 bills targeting transgender and gender diverse (TGD) youth in the United States were proposed; these policies and the rhetoric surrounding them is associated with TGD health disparities.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A community-based qualitative study utilized focus groups with a TGD youth research advisory board to explore their knowledge and perceived impacts of the current policy climate and rhetoric in one Midwestern state.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Themes revealed (1) mental health, (2) structural impacts, and (3) messages to policymakers.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Discriminatory policies and rhetoric harm TGD youth; health professionals should denounce the harmful disinformation perpetuated by these policies.</p>","PeriodicalId":37265,"journal":{"name":"Transgender Health","volume":"8 1","pages":"100-103"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9991426/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9084346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}