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Vibrant Virtual Brazilian Anthropology最新文献

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Una mirada antropológica a la usurpación de la identidad indígena en las elecciones de 2018 y 2021 en México 对2018年和2021年墨西哥选举中土著身份篡夺的人类学研究
Vibrant Virtual Brazilian Anthropology Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1590/1809-43412021v18a804
Laura R. Valladares
{"title":"Una mirada antropológica a la usurpación de la identidad indígena en las elecciones de 2018 y 2021 en México","authors":"Laura R. Valladares","doi":"10.1590/1809-43412021v18a804","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-43412021v18a804","url":null,"abstract":"Resumen La construcción de una democracia plural con inclusión de las y los indígenas en condiciones de equidad tiene grandes retos, pues si bien las acciones afirmativas en materia electoral han registrado un avance relevante, la distancia entre las normas y su cumplimiento es enorme, por lo que la equidad electoral es todavía una asignatura pendiente, inicialmente porque existe una resistencia de los partidos políticos y los actores políticos para pluralizar el poder. El principal problema no se resuelve solamente en términos de técnica jurídica, es decir, de afinar los mecanismos de implementación y control de las acciones afirmativas, se trata de una situación compleja que tiene sus raíces en una cultura en donde el racismo frente a la diversidad étnica está vigente y la corrupción son su principal obstáculo. Esto se expresa con nitidez en los resultados de las contiendas electorales para elegir Diputados Federales en los Distritos Indígenas para las legislaturas LXIV (2018-2021) y LXV (2021-2024).","PeriodicalId":37082,"journal":{"name":"Vibrant Virtual Brazilian Anthropology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67213111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Conjugalities and sexualities in conflict: monogamy and polyamory among LGBT groups 冲突中的婚姻和性行为:LGBT群体中的一夫一妻制和一夫多妻制
Vibrant Virtual Brazilian Anthropology Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1590/1809-43412021v18a503
Antonio Cerdeira Pilão
{"title":"Conjugalities and sexualities in conflict: monogamy and polyamory among LGBT groups","authors":"Antonio Cerdeira Pilão","doi":"10.1590/1809-43412021v18a503","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-43412021v18a503","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This article analyses how monogamy, polyamory and other forms of non-monogamy are displayed, interpreted and debated among LGBT groups. Is there a defence of affective and sexual multiplicity or does an endorsement of monogamy predominate, in order to claim greater legitimacy? The study was conducted between 2012 and 2017, based on ethnographic research carried out with virtual LGBT groups. I argue that there is no consensus that monogamy is an oppressive norm analogous to heteronormativity among lesbians, gays, and bisexuals, nor that polyamory is their ideal model for overcoming it. Through this study, I contribute to the understanding of the moral conflicts developed in the field of ‘sexual politics’ in contemporary Brazil.","PeriodicalId":37082,"journal":{"name":"Vibrant Virtual Brazilian Anthropology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67212736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
‘They all here call me índio’: Indigenous identification and the criminal justice system in Northern Minas Gerais “他们都叫我índio”:米纳斯吉拉斯北部的土著身份和刑事司法系统
Vibrant Virtual Brazilian Anthropology Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1590/1809-43412021v18a705
Rodrigo Arthuso Arantes Faria
{"title":"‘They all here call me índio’: Indigenous identification and the criminal justice system in Northern Minas Gerais","authors":"Rodrigo Arthuso Arantes Faria","doi":"10.1590/1809-43412021v18a705","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-43412021v18a705","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The article analyses the interaction between the criminal justice system and persons of the Xakriabá Indigenous people facing criminal prosecution in the Manga district in Northern Minas Gerais. To do so, I draw on the material gathered in the fieldwork I carried out in the region in early 2020, as well as on current legislation, selected jurisprudence from the Supreme Court, and documents produced by the bodies responsible for the criminal and prison policies in Brazil. I argue in the paper that the category of 'Indigenous person' mobilized by state agents differs from that conceived by the Xakriabá themselves, and that this dissonance often implies the lack of ethnic recognition of these persons throughout the criminal process and the failure to record their presence in official prison management documents. As a consequence, what is seen is the violation of the right to self-identification and the non-enforcement of legal guarantees granted to all Indigenous persons by the Brazilian legal system.","PeriodicalId":37082,"journal":{"name":"Vibrant Virtual Brazilian Anthropology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67212928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Birthing, corporality and care among the Guarani-Mbyá of southern Brazil 巴西南部瓜拉尼- mby<e:1>人的生育、肉体和照料
Vibrant Virtual Brazilian Anthropology Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1590/1809-43412021v18a501
Maria Paula Prates
{"title":"Birthing, corporality and care among the Guarani-Mbyá of southern Brazil","authors":"Maria Paula Prates","doi":"10.1590/1809-43412021v18a501","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-43412021v18a501","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In this paper I draw attention to the happening of childbirth among the Guarani-Mbyá women. I highlight the centrality of a care language in the act of birth and of being born supported by the production of human bodies and kin. From Yva deliveries’ stories I explore the connection between silences, bodies and human and non-human socialities by interweaving it with native modes of care and a critical analysis of the medicalization of birth derived from the relationship with the “Juruá (“white”) system”. I emphasize a non-reductive understanding of life and health in the translation of epistelomogies of care between indigenous and biomedical sociocosmologies. The data presented are results from a long-term ethnographic research carried out among guarani-mbyá collectives of the southern Brazil.","PeriodicalId":37082,"journal":{"name":"Vibrant Virtual Brazilian Anthropology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67212241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
The criminalization of indigenous people in Roraima state, Brazil: indigenous strategies to bring their rights into effect in the face of injustices and inequalities 巴西罗赖马州土著人民的刑事定罪:面对不公和不平等，土著人民实现其权利的策略
Vibrant Virtual Brazilian Anthropology Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1590/1809-43412021v18a702
S. Baines
{"title":"The criminalization of indigenous people in Roraima state, Brazil: indigenous strategies to bring their rights into effect in the face of injustices and inequalities","authors":"S. Baines","doi":"10.1590/1809-43412021v18a702","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-43412021v18a702","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The criminalization of indigenous people in the prisons of Roraima state, Brazil, is examined, in which the justice system, as throughout Brazil, has no mechanisms to identify indigenous people and recognize their differentiated constitutional rights, reinforcing the inequalities and injustices for indigenous people, the most oppressed and discriminated since colonial times. Over the past decade, indigenous organizations in the state capital have drawn attention to this problem and taken protagonist measures to try to change it. The Indigenous Council of Roraima (CIR), through their lawyer, Joênia Wapichana, elected, in 2018 the first Indigenous woman to be a federal deputy, set up a project to write down indigenous oral law so that it could be used locally to deal with criminal cases, encouraging indigenous communities to resolve accusations of crimes through councils of local leaders and thereby avoid them being handed over to the mainstream criminal justice system.","PeriodicalId":37082,"journal":{"name":"Vibrant Virtual Brazilian Anthropology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67212830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
El diagnóstico del racismo y la discriminación en Guatemala: Metodología cualitativa y participativa para la elaboración de una política pública 危地马拉种族主义和歧视的诊断:制定公共政策的定性和参与性方法
Vibrant Virtual Brazilian Anthropology Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1590/1809-43412021v18a807
Marta Elena Casaus Arzú
{"title":"El diagnóstico del racismo y la discriminación en Guatemala: Metodología cualitativa y participativa para la elaboración de una política pública","authors":"Marta Elena Casaus Arzú","doi":"10.1590/1809-43412021v18a807","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-43412021v18a807","url":null,"abstract":"Resumen El artículo trata de mostrar una metodología interdisciplinaria y participativa novedosa, basada en un modelo de investigación-acción participativa y en la construcción colectiva de conceptos para poder valorar el racismo y la discriminación y sus efectos económicos y sociales en la población discriminada y en el conjunto del país. El diagnóstico del racismo tuvo como finalidad la creación de una política pública que paliara la discriminación étnica y de género y que sentara las bases de un estado plural, que favoreciera a toda la ciudadanía y promoviera la igualdad de trato y de oportunidades.","PeriodicalId":37082,"journal":{"name":"Vibrant Virtual Brazilian Anthropology","volume":"114 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67212850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
¿Qué será la interculturalidad? 什么是跨文化?
Vibrant Virtual Brazilian Anthropology Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1590/1809-43412021v18a801
N. Canclini
{"title":"¿Qué será la interculturalidad?","authors":"N. Canclini","doi":"10.1590/1809-43412021v18a801","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-43412021v18a801","url":null,"abstract":"Resumen A los antropólogos se nos piden políticas para gestionar la multiculturalidad. Sin embargo, los conflictos interculturales aumentados por las migraciones masivas, la expansión mundial de las industrias comunicacionales, la mezcla de formas productivas y consumos locales, nacionales y globales cambiaron las condiciones de convivencia entre etnias, naciones, géneros y generaciones. Este artículo contribuye a reimaginar las tareas actuales de la antropología revisar cómo trataron los malentendidos interculturales antropólogos y sociólogos de varios países: Marc Abélès, Roberto da Matta, Gustavo Lins Ribeiro, Claudio Lomnitz, Guillermo O’Donnell, Renato Ortiz, Rossana Reguillo y Ana Rosas Mantecón, así como en los estudios recientes sobre jóvenes, tecnologías e intercambios académicos. El autor analiza el papel de las discrepancias en la interacción entre culturas en un tiempo en el que ganan fuerza los fundamentalismos identitarios.","PeriodicalId":37082,"journal":{"name":"Vibrant Virtual Brazilian Anthropology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67213056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Protecting Aboriginal Rights and Title in Canada: A Growing Space for the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples 保护加拿大土著居民的权利和头衔:联合国土著人民权利宣言的空间越来越大
Vibrant Virtual Brazilian Anthropology Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1590/1809-43412021v18a703
Fumiya Nagai
{"title":"Protecting Aboriginal Rights and Title in Canada: A Growing Space for the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples","authors":"Fumiya Nagai","doi":"10.1590/1809-43412021v18a703","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-43412021v18a703","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In 2014, the Supreme Court of Canada issued a landmark decision in Tsilhqot'in Nation v. British Columbia. In this decision, the Supreme Court recognised Aboriginal title to a specific territory for the first time, along with Aboriginal rights to hunt, trap, and engage in other practices. While international human rights law relating to Indigenous peoples, notably the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples, was not directly relied upon in this decision, the subsequent negotiations and outcome documents have gradually included the UN Declaration into the discussion, in conjunction with the political and legal shift towards recognition and acceptance of it in Canada. By exploring the political and legal struggles of the Tsilhqot'in, particularly after the 2014 decision, this paper considers a growing space for the UN Declaration in defining the declared Aboriginal rights and title.","PeriodicalId":37082,"journal":{"name":"Vibrant Virtual Brazilian Anthropology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67212909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Antropologías en el extremo sur: Del silenciamiento al estallido 最南端的人类学:从沉默到爆发
Vibrant Virtual Brazilian Anthropology Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1590/1809-43412021v18a808
Francisca Márquez
{"title":"Antropologías en el extremo sur: Del silenciamiento al estallido","authors":"Francisca Márquez","doi":"10.1590/1809-43412021v18a808","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-43412021v18a808","url":null,"abstract":"Resumen A partir de la revisión del quehacer de antropólogos/as en Chile se reflexiona sobre las derivas disciplinares a lo largo de su historia, las dificultades y desafíos para constituirse en una Antropología crítica y comprometida con la diversidad y la alteridad. Se plantea que aun cuando la Antropología sufre su desmantelamiento durante los años de dictadura, a partir del estallido social del 18 de octubre 2019 el quehacer de la disciplina gana en reflexividad, visibilidad y posicionamiento crítico. El texto se organiza en torno a los principales nudos temáticos que han acompañado a nuestra disciplina: memoria y subalternidad; gente de la tierra; feminismo y disidencias; heterotopias en el patrimonio; ecología. Se concluye con los desafíos para la consolidación de una antropología crítica y comprometida con los procesos de transformación de nuestras culturas: la cuestión de la autonomía; el compromiso con lo público; la alteridad crítica; los saberes otros; la indisciplina de la transdisciplina; la cosmopolítica de la poética.","PeriodicalId":37082,"journal":{"name":"Vibrant Virtual Brazilian Anthropology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67212932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Discursive exclusion and disrespect in prisons in Brazil 巴西监狱中的话语排斥和不尊重
Vibrant Virtual Brazilian Anthropology Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1590/1809-43412021v18a500
Carolina Barreto Lemos, Marcus Cardoso
{"title":"Discursive exclusion and disrespect in prisons in Brazil","authors":"Carolina Barreto Lemos, Marcus Cardoso","doi":"10.1590/1809-43412021v18a500","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-43412021v18a500","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In this paper, we present our ethnographic material and interpretations concerning the meanings that men and women imprisoned in the Federal District, Brazil attributed to their everyday experiences, with a special focus on the situations, statements and perceptions of these social actors related to that which we classify as structural processes of discursive exclusion. Drawing from our field data, we argue that these processes are a central dimension of pulling time, which not only configure a form of disrespect, but also the condition needed to sustain a structural scenario of violence and violation of rights in these prisons. In addition, the processes of discursive exclusion are essential to understand how the experiences of disrespect were interpreted and addressed by the interlocutors. The data presented are the result of ethnographic research carried out between 2014 and 2018 with men and women imprisoned the Federal District, Brazil.","PeriodicalId":37082,"journal":{"name":"Vibrant Virtual Brazilian Anthropology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67212233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
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