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FUNAI and INCRA PCI - reflections on Anthropology and agribusiness FUNAI和INCRA PCI -对人类学和农业综合企业的思考
Vibrant Virtual Brazilian Anthropology Pub Date : 2023-09-04 DOI: 10.1590/1809-43412023v20d802
Julia Marques Dalla Costa
{"title":"FUNAI and INCRA PCI - reflections on Anthropology and agribusiness","authors":"Julia Marques Dalla Costa","doi":"10.1590/1809-43412023v20d802","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-43412023v20d802","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Between 2015 and 2017, a Parliamentary Commission of Inquiry (PCI) took place in the Câmara dos Deputados (Brazil’s lower house) of the Brazilian National Congress, which investigated the formerly named National Indian Foundation (FUNAI) and the National Institute for Colonisation and Agrarian Reform (INCRA) in their attributions of demarcating lands, Indigenous and Quilombola lands, respectively. This PCI was established by the Ruralista caucus, a group that represents the interests of agribusiness inside Congress. One of the focuses of the PCI was to discuss the role of anthropology in the demarcation processes of Indigenous and Quilombola lands, questioning not only the work of anthropologists, but the field of knowledge itself. Through an ethnography of documents (shorthand notes of the meetings and reports presented) and by direct observation, the research that culminated in this article sought to reflect on the anthropological practice related to public policies for the redistribution of land to Indigenous peoples and Quilombola communities and their friction with agribusiness interests. The centrality of the agrarian agenda and the model of territorial development defended by agribusiness clashes with public policies for the democratisation of access to land. The FUNAI-INCRA PCI reveals yet another articulated attempt by agribusiness to establish new benchmarks for these public policies, through the Ruralista caucus, and for this reason anthropology was included in the debate.","PeriodicalId":37082,"journal":{"name":"Vibrant Virtual Brazilian Anthropology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67214109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
La cara pública de lo secreto: Antropología de la Investigación policial 秘密的公众面孔:警察调查人类学
Vibrant Virtual Brazilian Anthropology Pub Date : 2023-09-04 DOI: 10.1590/1809-43412023v20d813
Brígida Renoldi
{"title":"La cara pública de lo secreto: Antropología de la Investigación policial","authors":"Brígida Renoldi","doi":"10.1590/1809-43412023v20d813","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-43412023v20d813","url":null,"abstract":"Resumen Este artículo centra su atención en el lugar del secreto para la investigación policial federal en casos asociados a drogas ilegalizadas en una metrópolis de Brasil. Parte de esta tarea toma el nombre de trabajos de inteligencia: actividades secretas que apuntan a descubrir redes delictivas. Mediante una aproximación etnográfica conectaré los términos nativos que evocan lo secreto para el trabajo policial, con el concepto de información (su relevancia para los procedimientos policiales y judiciales) y con el valor de la confianza en las relaciones interpersonales. La indagación evidencia cómo el estado se sostiene y recrea en redes de asociaciones provisorias e intereses que, desde las teorías nativas, cuestionan las fronteras atribuidas por las teorías producidas desde el campo de los conocimientos científicos. Analizar el secreto como “forma” de relación y como pauta de transacciones e intercambios permite entender la importancia de lo que produce como tal, dejando el “contenido” que guarda u oculta en un lugar de significación secundario.","PeriodicalId":37082,"journal":{"name":"Vibrant Virtual Brazilian Anthropology","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67213798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Hypothesis of the Misencounter 偶遇假说
Vibrant Virtual Brazilian Anthropology Pub Date : 2023-09-04 DOI: 10.1590/1809-43412023v20d815
Luiz E. Abreu
{"title":"The Hypothesis of the Misencounter","authors":"Luiz E. Abreu","doi":"10.1590/1809-43412023v20d815","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-43412023v20d815","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This article develops the following hypothesis: despite their differences, or better, precisely because of them, law and politics in Brazil comprise a system whose primary feature is its incapacity to form a totalization of the social world; that is, to formulate a public rule capable of including the diverse parts of society. Much the opposite: the characteristic of this system is the purposeful rupture, the strategic estrangement between the pole formed by law and the State (which is constructed against spontaneous forms of sociability) and the pole that includes politics and society (in which exchange modelled on the gift plays a central role). There is no higher plane capable of incorporating the two into a single unity, nor do they submit to a synthesis or to an encompassing value. The article argues that the relationship between law and politics is articulated as a dialogue conducted at a distance and through estrangement, such that one is constituted as the possible worlds of the other.","PeriodicalId":37082,"journal":{"name":"Vibrant Virtual Brazilian Anthropology","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67213892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Bolsonarist Bloc: ethnographic notes on political performances and a parliamentary network in Brazil’s Chamber of Deputies 博尔索纳主义阵营:关于巴西众议院政治表现和议会网络的民族志笔记
Vibrant Virtual Brazilian Anthropology Pub Date : 2023-09-04 DOI: 10.1590/1809-43412023v20d804
Tiago de Aragão
{"title":"The Bolsonarist Bloc: ethnographic notes on political performances and a parliamentary network in Brazil’s Chamber of Deputies","authors":"Tiago de Aragão","doi":"10.1590/1809-43412023v20d804","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-43412023v20d804","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The article presents the first ethnographic notes from a research project on the performances of a group of parliamentarians in the Chamber of Deputies in the 2019-2023 legislature. As a starting point, I highlight a group of elected deputies associated with the universe of Bolsonarism. The latter is approached as a complex set of elements containing different ideas and whose main political reference is the figure of Jair Bolsonaro, though it also encompasses diverse elements from the so-called Brazilian “new right” and conservatism. I present two episodes to help situate this empirical universe. In the first, I assemble clues and traces from a complaint submitted to the Parliamentary Ethics and Decorum Council in order to analyse the formation of the Bolsonarist Bloc. The second episode centres on the debate surrounding a law bill on the Commission on Human Rights and Minorities. Setting out from these episodes, I analyse differences between the performances of Bolsonarist deputies and the parliamentary behaviour prevailing in the National Congress. I conclude the article by pointing to some analytical paths for the future development of this investigation.","PeriodicalId":37082,"journal":{"name":"Vibrant Virtual Brazilian Anthropology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67214126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Entre la teoría y el barrio. Etnografía caminante, política gubernamental y matriz académica en un programa de urbanización integral del hábitat en el Nordeste Argentino 在理论和邻里之间。阿根廷东北部生境综合城市化计划中的行走民族志、政府政策和学术矩阵
Vibrant Virtual Brazilian Anthropology Pub Date : 2023-09-04 DOI: 10.1590/1809-43412023v20d809
V. Ojeda
{"title":"Entre la teoría y el barrio. Etnografía caminante, política gubernamental y matriz académica en un programa de urbanización integral del hábitat en el Nordeste Argentino","authors":"V. Ojeda","doi":"10.1590/1809-43412023v20d809","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-43412023v20d809","url":null,"abstract":"Resumen En este trabajo me interesa marcar cómo se intersectan las matrices académicas y de gestión, cuando se trata de coordinar el diseño y la implementación de una política gubernamental de urbanización integral del hábitat. A partir de una experiencia de trabajo que me comprometió en tanto gestora proveniente del ámbito académico, busco describir con la mayor densidad posible, la incidencia de categorías del campo científico en la producción y puesta en marcha de proyectos impulsados desde el programa. Estas nuevas dimensiones significaron la emergencia de tensiones en los abordajes tradicionales de la cuestión social en el Programa de Mejoramiento de Barrios (PRO.ME.BA), tanto a nivel de las y los trabajadores del programa, como de los mismos ciudadanos (antes “población destinataria”), en una provincia del nordeste argentino.","PeriodicalId":37082,"journal":{"name":"Vibrant Virtual Brazilian Anthropology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67213719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Disputes on abortion and sexual diversity in the Chamber of Deputies in the early years of the Bolsonaro government: the art of marking differences 博索纳罗政府早期众议院关于堕胎和性别多样性的争议:标记差异的艺术
Vibrant Virtual Brazilian Anthropology Pub Date : 2023-09-04 DOI: 10.1590/1809-43412023v20d803
N. Luna
{"title":"Disputes on abortion and sexual diversity in the Chamber of Deputies in the early years of the Bolsonaro government: the art of marking differences","authors":"N. Luna","doi":"10.1590/1809-43412023v20d803","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-43412023v20d803","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The present article explores the disputes in the Brazilian Chamber of Deputies about abortion and sexual diversity during the first two years of the Bolsonaro government (2019-2020). Focusing on the controversial moral themes of abortion and sexual diversity, the article examines legislative dynamics by analyzing statements made by congresspeople in the Chamber of Deputies s and the legislative proposals they submitted. This article is based on qualitative research, observing the discursive dynamic of mutual accusations and inversion of arguments. Particularly noteworthy in this context was the heavy engagement of religious actors in the defense of conservative positions.","PeriodicalId":37082,"journal":{"name":"Vibrant Virtual Brazilian Anthropology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67214119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The survival of those who couldn’t “stay home”: Community-based resistance and precariousness around the “new normal” in the favelas of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil 那些不能“呆在家里”的人的生存:巴西里约热内卢贫民窟“新常态”周围的社区抵抗和不稳定
Vibrant Virtual Brazilian Anthropology Pub Date : 2023-07-17 DOI: 10.1590/1809-4341.2023v20a20604
Apoena Mano, Jonathan Willian Bazoni da Motta
{"title":"The survival of those who couldn’t “stay home”: Community-based resistance and precariousness around the “new normal” in the favelas of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil","authors":"Apoena Mano, Jonathan Willian Bazoni da Motta","doi":"10.1590/1809-4341.2023v20a20604","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-4341.2023v20a20604","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The Covid-19 pandemic deepened social inequalities in Brazil’s favelas. Among certain social groups, the need to keep moving to ensure survival meant greater exposure to the risks of the disease. While kinetic elites enjoyed the privilege of remaining immobile and protected, less privileged urban groups were forced to continue in movement despite the risks created by the pandemic. In this study we qualify social analyses around the so-called “new normal” based on ethnographic research conducted in urban peripheries. Empirically based on the cases of the favelas Santa Marta and Vila Vintém, we examine conditioning factors that differentiate the effects of the pandemic among favelas in the city of Rio de Janeiro. Our intent is to demonstrate the differential effects of the Covid-19 pandemic in territories where the city’s most impoverished population lacks the socioeconomic conditions to “stay home”. We indicate two general aspects: first, the pandemic deepened and re-signified pre-existing social problems; second, the shortage of public policies and complex requalifications of precariousness stimulated the development of various community-based actions to mitigate the risks of infection in these territories.","PeriodicalId":37082,"journal":{"name":"Vibrant Virtual Brazilian Anthropology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67209283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Terreiro That’s “Too Young, Too gay”: Technologies of Persistence and growth in the W/world 一个“太年轻，太同性恋”的特雷罗:W/世界中的持续和成长技术
Vibrant Virtual Brazilian Anthropology Pub Date : 2023-06-30 DOI: 10.1590/1809-4341.2023v20a20603
José Miguel Nieto Olivar
{"title":"A Terreiro That’s “Too Young, Too gay”: Technologies of Persistence and growth in the W/world","authors":"José Miguel Nieto Olivar","doi":"10.1590/1809-4341.2023v20a20603","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-4341.2023v20a20603","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In this manuscript I present how in the city of Tabatinga (AM) -- on the triple border between Brazil, Peru, and Colombia -- the Father Jairo and His Children Network are engaged in a process of persistence, care, and growth in order to traverse a World that presents itself as a threat to their lives and their worlds. This process involves the consolidation of a technology of housing in the World, empowered by the grammar of Umbanda/Macumba, connected with youth, gender, and (homo)sexuality. Its material “ground” is the process of construction of the group’s terreiro. Based on 10 years of ethnography and in dialogue with theoretical discussions regarding cosmopolitics, materialities, and W/world(s) in de/anti/contracolonial perspectives, I argue that through this process, the network has built a world-for-them/us (wƒ#) that enables it to cross the World-as-Threat (WƒT) and to recall the World-as-struggle (W/s): WƒT>>wƒ#<<W/s.","PeriodicalId":37082,"journal":{"name":"Vibrant Virtual Brazilian Anthropology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67209271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
From public problems to social experiences: the alcohol ban in South Africa during the COVID-19 pandemic 从公共问题到社会经验:COVID-19大流行期间南非的禁酒令
Vibrant Virtual Brazilian Anthropology Pub Date : 2023-06-30 DOI: 10.1590/1809-4341.2023v20a20601
Elizabete R. Albernaz, Daniel M. Lage da Cruz, J. B. Dias
{"title":"From public problems to social experiences: the alcohol ban in South Africa during the COVID-19 pandemic","authors":"Elizabete R. Albernaz, Daniel M. Lage da Cruz, J. B. Dias","doi":"10.1590/1809-4341.2023v20a20601","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-4341.2023v20a20601","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In 2020, the South African government adopted a controversial measure in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, a nationwide ban on the sale and transport of alcoholic drinks. In this article, we explore the process that led to the construction of alcohol consumption as a “public problem” in the country, highlighting connections between alcohol drinking, politics, the economy, public health, public safety, and social inequality. We observe how the 2020 alcohol ban was decided upon, justified and enforced, following a long history of government attempts to control alcohol consumption among poor non-White South Africans. Based on ethnographic data, we present some patterns and meanings of alcohol consumption in popular settings and provide a glimpse into the drinking practices of more affluent South Africans during the alcohol ban. In doing so, we intend to offer a broader portrait of the phenomenon, one that helps grasp this intricate issue.","PeriodicalId":37082,"journal":{"name":"Vibrant Virtual Brazilian Anthropology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67209637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Mass Death and Disappearance in Contemporary Necropolitical Democracies: Brazilian and Mexican cases 当代坏死政治民主国家的大规模死亡和失踪:巴西和墨西哥的案例
Vibrant Virtual Brazilian Anthropology Pub Date : 2023-06-30 DOI: 10.1590/1809-4341.2023v20a20600
P. Díaz, Jussara Freire
{"title":"Mass Death and Disappearance in Contemporary Necropolitical Democracies: Brazilian and Mexican cases","authors":"P. Díaz, Jussara Freire","doi":"10.1590/1809-4341.2023v20a20600","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-4341.2023v20a20600","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Based on ethnographic research in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, and Sonora, Mexico, we analyze mass deaths and disappearances under (formally) democratic regimes. A comparison by contrast reveals the similarities and differences between these two places. We establish a dialogue with the structural perspective of necropolitics and studies of victims’ experiences in different national contexts. We seek to link the notion of the necropolitical environment with analysis of practices of valorization of human life. To do so, we start by analyzing the experiences of people whose lives, as well as those of their families, are socially devalued (valuation studies). The concept of maternal body emerges from this analysis, enabling us to understand the dynamics of friction between the necropolitical environment and the emergence of possible forms of life, defined on the basis of inter-corporeal links between the families and their dead or disappeared loved ones.","PeriodicalId":37082,"journal":{"name":"Vibrant Virtual Brazilian Anthropology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67209576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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