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UNIVERSITY: GENESIS AND TRANSFORMATION OF IDEA 大学:观念的起源与转变
Respublica literaria Pub Date : 2021-09-15 DOI: 10.47850/rl.2021.2.3.133-152
Sergey Smirnov
{"title":"UNIVERSITY: GENESIS AND TRANSFORMATION OF IDEA","authors":"Sergey Smirnov","doi":"10.47850/rl.2021.2.3.133-152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47850/rl.2021.2.3.133-152","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to the birth and transformation of the Idea of the University as an institutional form within the German spiritual culture of the 19th – 20th centuries. The author traces the history of the Idea of the University from the works of I. Kant (through the prism of his idea of the Enlightenment), then in the works of W. von Humboldt, the attempt to revive the Idea in the works of K. Jaspers, and the death of the idea during Nazism on the example of the “Heidegger case” The article specifically examines the basic principles of the University of W. von Humboldt – academic freedom and unity of science and education. The latter is considered not in a narrow academic sense, but in the classical – the formation of a person's image, chasing his appearance. W. von Humboldt assumed the unity of three universes: the universe of man, the universe of knowledge and the university as an institution that creates conditions for “solitude and freedom”.\u0000Further, the author shows the transformation of the university in the modern world in connection with the change in the time vector, the reorientation of the educational paradigm from the past to the future and the search, in this connection, of a new identity for universities. Despite the actual death of the classical idea of the University of W. von Humboldt, the author shows that this idea can be revived in a new model of an entrepreneurial university, which also contains the basic principle of W. von Humboldt, which presupposes a constant scientific search and the formation of a person for whom personal development remains a value.","PeriodicalId":370810,"journal":{"name":"Respublica literaria","volume":"40 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123406387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
SCIENTIST'S PROFESSIONAL IDENTITY: FACTORS AND PATTERNS OF TRANSFORMATION 科学家的职业认同:转变的因素与模式
Respublica literaria Pub Date : 2021-09-15 DOI: 10.47850/rl.2021.2.3.61-72
A. Ablazhey
{"title":"SCIENTIST'S PROFESSIONAL IDENTITY: FACTORS AND PATTERNS OF TRANSFORMATION","authors":"A. Ablazhey","doi":"10.47850/rl.2021.2.3.61-72","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47850/rl.2021.2.3.61-72","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to the analysis of factors and patterns of transformation the professional identity of scientists on the example of modern Russian science. The analysis was carried out on the basis of both secondary and primary sociological data. As the primary sociological data were used the materials of quantitative and qualitative research carried out in scientific centers of the SB RAS in the period from the end of the 1990s to the end of the 2010s. It is concluded that the leading factor for the transformation of the professional identity of Russian scientists was, first of all, a sharp change in the attitude towards science on the part of society and the state. We can say about the crisis in these relations is evident, which was reflected in a sharp drop of economic and social status of science. In addition, we are also talking about the weakening of the science’s cognitive role in culture. Three post-Soviet decades have shown that science, as a rule, found ways to successfully adapt to a constantly changing situation, primarily a change in the course of state scientific policy.","PeriodicalId":370810,"journal":{"name":"Respublica literaria","volume":"202 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121434410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
ON TYPE-THEORETICAL FORMALIZATION OF SITUATION SEMANTICS 论情景语义的类型理论形式化
Respublica literaria Pub Date : 2021-09-15 DOI: 10.47850/rl.2021.2.3.32-41
O. Domanov
{"title":"ON TYPE-THEORETICAL FORMALIZATION OF SITUATION SEMANTICS","authors":"O. Domanov","doi":"10.47850/rl.2021.2.3.32-41","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47850/rl.2021.2.3.32-41","url":null,"abstract":"Situation semantics is an effective instrument for analysing semantical aspects of natural languages with explicit dependence on contexts, like referential opacity of belief contexts etc. Making use of type-theoretical approaches not only makes its formalism more practical in many ways, but also facilitates its migration to computer systems, specifically, the formalization in functional programming languages. The article deals with a prototype of the type theoretical language of situation semantics, implemented on the basis of the language Racket. It decribes principal approaches, methods of solving some problems of formal semantics as well as issues that need to be addressed.","PeriodicalId":370810,"journal":{"name":"Respublica literaria","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123600081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
BAKHTIN AND RENE GIRARD ON DOSTOEVSKY: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS 巴赫金与勒内·吉拉德对陀思妥耶夫斯基的比较分析
Respublica literaria Pub Date : 2021-09-15 DOI: 10.47850/rl.2021.2.3.42-51
K. Rodin
{"title":"BAKHTIN AND RENE GIRARD ON DOSTOEVSKY: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS","authors":"K. Rodin","doi":"10.47850/rl.2021.2.3.42-51","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47850/rl.2021.2.3.42-51","url":null,"abstract":"The article provides a critical comparison of two independent interpretations of F. M. Dostoevsky: from the side of M. Bakhtin and from the side of Rene Girard. Both authors have created coherent ways of understanding and reading the literary heritage of the writer in the perspective of their own understanding of the history of literature and the intellectual history of mankind as such. Dostoevsky is significant for Bakhtin not simply as an illustration of the applicability of some of his own ideas within the framework of literary criticism. Bakhtin sees Dostoevsky as an innovator in the development of the menippea genre and an unprecedented dialogization of literature. At the same time, without Dostoevsky, the movement of literature postulated by Girard towards the embodiment of the Gospel revelation would be incomplete. The incompleteness of Girard or Bakhtin without Dostoevsky (with all the reservations) is not fundamental.\u0000Without Dostoevsky, history as such fundamentally changes for Girard and for Bakhtin. The apparent incomparability of the authors makes it possible to read Dostoevsky differently. From the context of Girard, the meaning of Bakhtin's works and, inevitably, the meaning of laughter and dialogue (polyphony) in history are significantly transformed. On the other hand, the ways of including Dostoevsky in the image of history created by Girard, independently of Bakhtin, also run into difficulties.","PeriodicalId":370810,"journal":{"name":"Respublica literaria","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122224271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
FORMS OF ETHNIC IDENTITY AND STRATEGIES OF INTERETHNIC INTEGRATION OF YOUNG PEOPLE IN THE URBAN COMMUNITY. ANALYSIS OF THE RESULTS OF THE STUDY 城市社区青年族群认同的形式与族群融合策略。分析研究结果
Respublica literaria Pub Date : 2021-09-15 DOI: 10.47850/rl.2021.85-103
O. Persidskaya
{"title":"FORMS OF ETHNIC IDENTITY AND STRATEGIES OF INTERETHNIC INTEGRATION OF YOUNG PEOPLE IN THE URBAN COMMUNITY. ANALYSIS OF THE RESULTS OF THE STUDY","authors":"O. Persidskaya","doi":"10.47850/rl.2021.85-103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47850/rl.2021.85-103","url":null,"abstract":"The article provides an analysis of the results of a sociological study conducted in the form of interviews with Novosibirsk residents aged 14 to 19 years. The study was aimed at identifying the forms of ethnic identity in modern youth and the relationship of these forms with the strategies of interethnic integration. It is shown that different combinations of indicators of the severity and valence of ethnic identity form a set of forms of ethnic identity. This allows us to get away from a one-dimensional interpretation of this phenomenon. The identified forms of ethnic identity differ both in the content of what is invested in the understanding of one's own ethnic identity and in the choice of strategies for interethnic interaction. Based on the analysis of the research results, three forms of ethnic identity are described: pronounced, nominal and distant. It is shown that an intercultural and culturally oriented strategy of interethnic interaction corresponds to a pronounced form of ethnic identity, and an omniculturalism to a distant form.","PeriodicalId":370810,"journal":{"name":"Respublica literaria","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126125883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
THE REPRESENTATIONS ON THE CONTEMPLATIVE AND ACTIVE LIFE IN EARLY HELLENISTIC PHILOSOPHY 早期希腊化哲学中关于沉思和积极生活的表现
Respublica literaria Pub Date : 2021-03-29 DOI: 10.47850/rl.2021.2.2.5-17
V. Brovkin
{"title":"THE REPRESENTATIONS ON THE CONTEMPLATIVE AND ACTIVE LIFE IN EARLY HELLENISTIC PHILOSOPHY","authors":"V. Brovkin","doi":"10.47850/rl.2021.2.2.5-17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47850/rl.2021.2.2.5-17","url":null,"abstract":"It is established that the question of the preferred way of life was actualized in the early Hellenistic philosophy. For many philosophers, the contemplative and the active life were equivalent. This position was held by Demetrius of Phalerum, early Stoics, probably Xenocrates and Menedemus of Eretria. Dicaearchus preferred an active life. Aristotle, Theophrastus, and Epicurus preferred the contemplative life. Unlike Aristotle and Theophrastus, Epicurus viewed the contemplative life not as an end, but only as a means of achieving serenity. It was also found that the high value of active life in early Hellenistic philosophy was due to the preservation of the polis system and the formation of Hellenistic monarchies, which opened up wide opportunities for philosophers to participate in political activities. The desire for a contemplative life was associated with the crisis of the polis system.","PeriodicalId":370810,"journal":{"name":"Respublica literaria","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134127715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
LEGAL FICTION: METHODS OF APPLICATION IN THE CIVIL LAW OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION 法律虚构:俄罗斯联邦民法中的适用方法
Respublica literaria Pub Date : 2021-03-29 DOI: 10.47850/rl.2021.2.2.121-130
Anastasiia Artemova
{"title":"LEGAL FICTION: METHODS OF APPLICATION IN THE CIVIL LAW OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION","authors":"Anastasiia Artemova","doi":"10.47850/rl.2021.2.2.121-130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47850/rl.2021.2.2.121-130","url":null,"abstract":"The article examines the essence of legal fiction. Based on an analysis of the current legislation of the Russian Federation, the author has established ways of using legal fiction in civil law. It has been substantiated that legal fiction finds expression in the construction of a legal entity and the institution of fictitious transactions. Legal fiction is used to extend the legal regime of one object to another object, as well as the legal status of one subject to another subject. Legal fiction is used when it is necessary to overcome a situation of legal uncertainty, to recognize as real non-existent circumstances to restore the violated rights of persons who have suffered as a result of the actions of unscrupulous participants in civil-law transactions. Finally, the method of legal fiction is widely used by the legislator the legal economy. As a result of the study, a conclusion was made about the importance of legal fiction for the process of lawmaking.","PeriodicalId":370810,"journal":{"name":"Respublica literaria","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125201501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
FAMILY AND WORK IN THE SYSTEM OF VALUE ORIENTATIONS OF DAGHESTANIS 达吉斯坦人价值取向体系中的家庭与工作
Respublica literaria Pub Date : 2021-03-29 DOI: 10.47850/rl.2021.2.2.74-85
A. Adiev, A. Vinokurova
{"title":"FAMILY AND WORK IN THE SYSTEM OF VALUE ORIENTATIONS OF DAGHESTANIS","authors":"A. Adiev, A. Vinokurova","doi":"10.47850/rl.2021.2.2.74-85","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47850/rl.2021.2.2.74-85","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents the main aspects related to the implementation of the value orientations of the residents of Dagestan in the field of family and professional and labour activity, which are considered in the context of the basic characteristics that determine the socio-economic development of this region. The study was carried out mainly based on quantitative methods, including the analysis of official statistics data and the results of a questionnaire survey (n=170) conducted with the direct participation of the authors in 2020. Our research has shown that Daghestanis are mainly focused on family and material well-being. The desire to improve their well-being and the well-being of their family encourages the formation of professional and labour orientations that provide for a stable, permanent, well-paid job with career prospects.","PeriodicalId":370810,"journal":{"name":"Respublica literaria","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133722517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
BIOPOLITICS AS AN ASPECT OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION IN NON-LIBERAL POLITICAL REGIMES (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE PRC) 生命政治作为非自由政体中公共行政的一个方面(以中华人民共和国为例)
Respublica literaria Pub Date : 2021-03-29 DOI: 10.47850/rl.2021.2.2.86-97
Nikolai Kshevin, O. Simonenko
{"title":"BIOPOLITICS AS AN ASPECT OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION IN NON-LIBERAL POLITICAL REGIMES (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE PRC)","authors":"Nikolai Kshevin, O. Simonenko","doi":"10.47850/rl.2021.2.2.86-97","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47850/rl.2021.2.2.86-97","url":null,"abstract":"The article focuses on the potential applicability of biopolitics to modern elements of public administration in non-liberal political regimes on the example of China. M. Foucault's biopolitics is a rather difficult concept to use for the analysis of modern countries of the East due to the initial connection of the concept to the Western intellectual tradition. Based on analysis of the various researches in biopolitics, we propose to look further into strategies for expanding the concept to determine the most suitable for the study of public administration in non-liberal political regimes on the example of the PRC. It is noted that modern China, being an example of a non-liberal political regime, has signs of biopolitical state governance. It is concluded that biopolitics as a technology of power over the population is not an exclusive part of liberal governance.","PeriodicalId":370810,"journal":{"name":"Respublica literaria","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115091967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
IS IT POSSIBLE TO DEVELOP ENTREPRENEURSHIP AT SCHOOL? 在学校培养企业家精神有可能吗?
Respublica literaria Pub Date : 2021-03-29 DOI: 10.47850/rl.2021.2.2.98-112
M. Farnicka, Inetta Nowosad
{"title":"IS IT POSSIBLE TO DEVELOP ENTREPRENEURSHIP AT SCHOOL?","authors":"M. Farnicka, Inetta Nowosad","doi":"10.47850/rl.2021.2.2.98-112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47850/rl.2021.2.2.98-112","url":null,"abstract":"Entrepreneurship will make it possible for young people to adapt to the employment market and participate in not only professional but also social and personal adult life effectively and satisfactorily. This article aimed to emphasize the way of developing entrepreneurship in the educational practice. The base of reflection as Culturally Relevant Pedagogy and Karney’s definition of entrepreneurship. These approaches may open schools as environments for the coordination of all processes hidden in their culture on the way to effectiveness. The category of entrepreneurship understood as a personal and organizational feature, an attitude, an activity mode, and a path of individual and institutional development were considered. When introducing challenges connected with the development of Entrepreneurship, some tools were described which make it possible to evaluate the changes taking place in the didactic process. This means that reflection on the process of development of must appears in various implementation spaces. It would be observable both at the level of individual development (students’ and teachers’ competencies), about activities undertaken within an organization, as well as changes in organizational climate and overall educational environment.","PeriodicalId":370810,"journal":{"name":"Respublica literaria","volume":"170 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121340829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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