Current Applied Science and Technology最新文献_第9页

A Brief Overview of Telomeres and Telomerase in Aging and Cancer 端粒和端粒酶在衰老和癌症中的作用综述

Current Applied Science and Technology Pub Date : 2022-12-29 DOI: 10.55003/cast.2023.04.23.015

Husaina Banu Lateef, Pavane Mitta Suresh, P. Bharathi, S. Pathak, A. Banerjee

{"title":"A Brief Overview of Telomeres and Telomerase in Aging and Cancer","authors":"Husaina Banu Lateef, Pavane Mitta Suresh, P. Bharathi, S. Pathak, A. Banerjee","doi":"10.55003/cast.2023.04.23.015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55003/cast.2023.04.23.015","url":null,"abstract":"Telomere is guanine-rich DNA sequence with a protein complex known as shelterin present at the chromosomal ends to protect it from destruction and is known to play a key role in aging. Telomerase is a telomeric DNA elongating enzyme, which comprises the central key components for telomeric DNA synthesis. The main objective of this review was to explore the structure and function of telomere and telomerase, and their intervention in aging, stem cells, and cancer cells. The induction of various telomeropathies and age-related diseases by Telomerase RNA component (TERC) impairment is well explained. Telomeropathies refer to bone marrow failures such as dyskeratosis congenita, aplastic anemia, etc. Telomere and telomerase have become the targets for age-related therapies, stem cell therapies, and cancer therapies. This article throws light on the telomerase-related therapies with natural compounds in regenerative medicine and cancer treatment. Telomerase inhibitors like nucleoside ligands and G4 ligands are explained in the context of anti-cancer drugs. The association of TERT promoter mutations with cancer is discussed. We conclude that understanding telomerase mechanisms in stem cells and cancer cells paves a way to translate stem cells, cancer cells, and age-related research into effective therapies. The dynamic features of telomerase and telomeres make their structural and biochemical studies difficult. Hence, further meticulous studies can be done on single-molecule approaches to facilitate feasible and effective studies of telomerase and telomere component functioning.","PeriodicalId":36974,"journal":{"name":"Current Applied Science and Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41441061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Changes in Agro-climatic Indicators in the Korça Region 科尔萨地区农业气候指标的变化

Current Applied Science and Technology Pub Date : 2022-12-29 DOI: 10.55003/cast.2022.04.23.001

A. Maho, Gjergji Maho, Ferdinant Maho

{"title":"Changes in Agro-climatic Indicators in the Korça Region","authors":"A. Maho, Gjergji Maho, Ferdinant Maho","doi":"10.55003/cast.2022.04.23.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55003/cast.2022.04.23.001","url":null,"abstract":"The productivity of agricultural crops depends on an optimal degree of genetic factors, climate, soil and level of agrotechnology. Climate changes have a significant negative impact on the productivity of agricultural crops. The study is focused on a multi-year analysis of the main climate indicators, such as temperature and precipitation. The data collected from hydrometeorological stations in the Korça region of Albania were processed and compared with the corresponding data from two previous 30-year periods. The increase in temperature indicated a trend without significant volatility from one year to the next, and the annual amount of precipitation did not fundamentally change; however, a greater concern was the amount of rain that fell over fewer days but in larger amounts. Moreover, the structure of the diagram which integrated temperature and average monthly rainfall showed that there had been an increase in the periods of drought. The changes in agro-climatic indicators present a challenge for producers in the field of agriculture if they are to meaningfully remodel agricultural areas and determine the most appropriate cultivation technologies for agricultural crops.","PeriodicalId":36974,"journal":{"name":"Current Applied Science and Technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46972029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

New Azo-Schiff Compounds and Metal Complexes Derived from 2-Naphthol Synthesis, Characterization, Spectrophotometric, and Study of Biological Activity 由2-萘酚衍生的新型偶氮希夫化合物和金属配合物的合成、表征、分光光度法和生物活性研究

Current Applied Science and Technology Pub Date : 2022-12-29 DOI: 10.55003/cast.2022.04.23.007

Hawraa Mahdi Alabidi, Ali Mahdi Farhan, Nuha Salman Salh, A. Abduljabbar Jaloob Aljanaby

引用次数: 4

Effects of Ultrasound Assisted Extraction on Efficiency and Quality of Rice Bran Oil 超声辅助提取对米糠油提取效率和质量的影响

Current Applied Science and Technology Pub Date : 2022-12-29 DOI: 10.55003/cast.2022.04.23.009

Van Man Phan, Chi Hai Tran, Thanh Hai Dam Thi, Chi Trung Duong

{"title":"Effects of Ultrasound Assisted Extraction on Efficiency and Quality of Rice Bran Oil","authors":"Van Man Phan, Chi Hai Tran, Thanh Hai Dam Thi, Chi Trung Duong","doi":"10.55003/cast.2022.04.23.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55003/cast.2022.04.23.009","url":null,"abstract":"Effects of ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) conditions viz., ultrasound power and treatment time on extraction efficiency and quality of oil from rice bran were studied. The sonication power and irradiation time varied between 6.11, 12.23, and 18.35 W/cm2; and 5, 15, and 25 min, respectively. The recovery, physicochemical and phytochemical properties of UAE oil were measured and compared with conventional soxhlet extraction (SE) and pressurized liquid extraction methods (PLE). The results showed that increasing the ultrasonic irradiation time and power led to greater oil extractability. However, the oil quality and ultrasonic intensity were inversely correlated. Specifically, higher power intensity (18.35 W/cm2) and longer irradiation time (15-25 min) impaired the unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs) and phytochemical compositions of the extracted oil. The maximum oil extractability obtained by PLE and UAE (12.23 W/cm2 and 15 min) were 16.77 mg/g rice bran and 16.59 mg/g rice bran, respectively, and higher than the SE process (14.96 mg/g rice bran). No significant differences were shown among PLE and UAE (12.23 W/cm2 and 15 min) oils for the physiochemical and phytochemical properties. Similar to the PLE and SE oils, oleic acid was the dominant fatty acid in the UAEs oils, followed by linolenic and palmitic acids. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results showed that the UAE process effectively damaged the cell walls of rice bran, resulting in improved oil yield. Thus, UAE is a promising method for extracting oil from rice bran.","PeriodicalId":36974,"journal":{"name":"Current Applied Science and Technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44455886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Green Product Using Selective Compound for Susceptible Assessment of Copper in Blood Serum 采用选择性化合物对血清中铜进行敏感评价的绿色产品

Current Applied Science and Technology Pub Date : 2022-12-29 DOI: 10.55003/cast.2022.04.23.008

Hussain Kirem, Naser Abdulhasan Naser

{"title":"A Green Product Using Selective Compound for Susceptible Assessment of Copper in Blood Serum","authors":"Hussain Kirem, Naser Abdulhasan Naser","doi":"10.55003/cast.2022.04.23.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55003/cast.2022.04.23.008","url":null,"abstract":"A highly reliable approach for assessment of copper(II) in blood serum samples using an organic molecule 4-(3-hydroxyphenylazo)resorcinol, 4-HAR was developed. The paper presents the synthesis of 4-HAR, which serves as probe for definite species. 4-HAR was characterized with the FT-IR, UV-visible, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and mass analysis, thermal TG and DSC techniques. After examining its interactions with more than twenty-five metal ions, it was found that 4-HAR showed reaction only with copper(II), giving a distinct green color at λmax 603 nm. Experimental conditions for the reaction of 4-HAR with copper(II) were optimized. A calibration curve was created and the exhibition range of concentration obeyed Beer's Law from 0.30 to 16 μg.mL-1 with correlation coefficient of r = 0.9986, and value of the molar absorption coefficient, ε, being 3314 L.mol- 1.cm-1. The analytical method was used to determine copper(II) levels in several blood serum samples. The amounts of copper(II) found in the sera samples were compared with flame atomic absorption spectrometry technique, and the results were found to be highly reliable. Based on validation, the new approach can be utilized for assurance quality purposes with a high degree of confidence.","PeriodicalId":36974,"journal":{"name":"Current Applied Science and Technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44920800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Media Optimization and Partial Purification of Anti-Candida Compound of Probiotics Cultures 益生菌抗念珠菌复合物的培养基优化及部分纯化

Current Applied Science and Technology Pub Date : 2022-12-29 DOI: 10.55003/cast.2022.04.23.010

P. Anand, M. Aswani, Suyash Kathade, B. Kunchiraman

{"title":"Media Optimization and Partial Purification of Anti-Candida Compound of Probiotics Cultures","authors":"P. Anand, M. Aswani, Suyash Kathade, B. Kunchiraman","doi":"10.55003/cast.2022.04.23.010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55003/cast.2022.04.23.010","url":null,"abstract":"Fungal infections in humans are mostly due to Candida albicans, an opportunistic commensal yeast that causes systemic and invasive candidiasis. Conventional treatment of candidiasis using antifungal compounds such as polyenes and azoles can cause various side effects. Besides, treatment becomes difficult as the organism acquires resistance. Probiotics with anti-candida activity have been projected as a safe and alternative solutions to treat candidiasis. Probiotic Bacillus isolates previously reported showed wonderful activity against pathogenic Candida species. This study reports on media optimization and partial purification of anti-candida compounds from probiotic Bacillus isolates MW3, MW9, MW19, and MW27. Maximum growth and anti-candida activity (2.9 cm inhibition zone) by the isolate culture was observed when media had been optimized with dextrose, casein and peptone. The media composition numbers 18, 4 and 19 showed the best growth for MW3, MW9, MW19 and MW27. Fractions obtained by solvent precipitation using acetone and methanol showed activity against the pathogen, and the fractions were further purified by ultra-filtration. After ultra-filtration, it was found that the size of the active compound was between 10 to 30 kDa. The compound lost its activity after treatment with proteinase K.","PeriodicalId":36974,"journal":{"name":"Current Applied Science and Technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44833868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose Fiber Amounts and Aspect Ratios on Properties of Biodegradable Composites Prepared from Thermoplastic Starch 羟丙基甲基纤维素纤维量和长径比对热塑性淀粉制备的可生物降解复合材料性能的影响

Current Applied Science and Technology Pub Date : 2022-12-29 DOI: 10.55003/cast.2022.04.23.003

Vipawan Pitpisutkul, Trisana Jamjumras, Kancharut Sawasdee, J. Prachayawarakorn

{"title":"Effects of Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose Fiber Amounts and Aspect Ratios on Properties of Biodegradable Composites Prepared from Thermoplastic Starch","authors":"Vipawan Pitpisutkul, Trisana Jamjumras, Kancharut Sawasdee, J. Prachayawarakorn","doi":"10.55003/cast.2022.04.23.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55003/cast.2022.04.23.003","url":null,"abstract":"Because of the low tensile properties and high hydrophilicity of thermoplastic starch (TPS), this research was focused on improving its characteristics through the addition of the natural cellulose fiber, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC). Different TPS composites reinforced with HPMC fibers were compounded using an internal mixer and were shaped using a compression molding machine. The effects of HPMC fiber content and aspect ratios were examined. It was found from infrared spectra that the wavenumbers of the O-H stretching of TPS polymer clearly shifted to lower wavenumber with the incorporation of HPMC fibers, which indicated new hydrogen bond formation. Moreover, a significant increase of maximum stress and elastic modulus of TPS/ HPMC fiber composites was detected. A clear drop in moisture uptake was also found when HPMC fibers were added into the TPS polymer matrix. In addition, scanning electron microscopy and thermogravimetric analysis were used to characterize several TPS composites. Biodegradability for various composites was also determined.","PeriodicalId":36974,"journal":{"name":"Current Applied Science and Technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44105845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Symptoms and Complications Associated with COVID-19 Infection and Its Vaccination in Iraq: A Cross-sectional Study 伊拉克与COVID-19感染及其疫苗接种相关的症状和并发症:一项横断面研究

Current Applied Science and Technology Pub Date : 2022-12-29 DOI: 10.55003/cast.2022.04.23.005

Kadhim Fadhil Kadhim, Hasna Amir Mohaus, Safa Mohammad Hussein

{"title":"Symptoms and Complications Associated with COVID-19 Infection and Its Vaccination in Iraq: A Cross-sectional Study","authors":"Kadhim Fadhil Kadhim, Hasna Amir Mohaus, Safa Mohammad Hussein","doi":"10.55003/cast.2022.04.23.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55003/cast.2022.04.23.005","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of vaccinations in providing immunity to vaccinated individuals in Iraq and to investigate the potential side effects of COVID-19 vaccines and the risk factors associated with virus infection. The research was conducted at the University of Basrah, where respondents were polled in February 2022 about their history of getting the Corona Virus 2019 vaccine and their history of getting infected with the virus before getting the vaccine. In addition, the questionnaire included questions about symptoms during infection, infection severity, health problems faced after recovery, the number of infection instances before and after vaccination, and side effects after vaccination. People were also questioned about their past ailments and some of their behaviors. According to findings, 55.1% of individuals had not been infected (who had no previous history of virus infection), while 44.9%, consisting in 46.4% females and 41.3% males, had been infected. The majority of infected individuals developed a fever and a loss of smell and taste. Shortness of breath and coughing, among other symptoms, were reported by almost all of the other affected patients. Recovery duration for those infected with the virus ranged from one to five weeks. The research discovered that all of the vaccinated participants with any of the three vaccinations were immune and that immunization protected them against viral infection. On the other hand, the side effects connected with the three immunizations were ranged from mild to severe, including fever, joint pains, vomiting, and anorexia, etc.","PeriodicalId":36974,"journal":{"name":"Current Applied Science and Technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47633283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Characteristics and Antioxidant Activities of Kombucha from Black Tea and Roselle by a Mixed Starter Culture 混合发酵剂培养黑茶和玫瑰红茶菌的特性及抗氧化活性

Current Applied Science and Technology Pub Date : 2022-10-29 DOI: 10.55003/cast.2022.04.23.002

Tanyarat Sutthiphatkul, S. Mangmool, Nattawut Rungjindamai, Duangjai Ochaikul

{"title":"Characteristics and Antioxidant Activities of Kombucha from Black Tea and Roselle by a Mixed Starter Culture","authors":"Tanyarat Sutthiphatkul, S. Mangmool, Nattawut Rungjindamai, Duangjai Ochaikul","doi":"10.55003/cast.2022.04.23.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55003/cast.2022.04.23.002","url":null,"abstract":"Kombucha is a functional beverage fermented by the symbiosis of bacteria and yeasts and is comprised mainly of bioactive compounds and acids that have beneficial health effects. Our research aimed to determine the optimal ratio of co-culture of the bacterium Acetobacter pasteurianus AJ605 and the yeast Zygosaccharomyces bailii YN403 for kombucha fermentation in order to improve the consistency of kombucha quality so that it can be mass produced. Microbial growth, chemical characteristics, and antioxidant activities of kombucha during fermentation were analyzed. The results showed that a co-culture ratio of 8:2 (v/v) of A. pasteurianus AJ605 and Z. bailii YN403 gave the highest antioxidant activity after 10 days of fermentation, with a DPPH IC50 value of 25.76 µl/mL and an ABTS IC50 value of 8.84 µl/mL. The co-culture ratio of 8:2 showed antioxidant activity that was not significantly different (p>0.05) from that of SCOBY (symbiotic culture of bacteria and yeasts) alone. Additionally, during fermentation, the pH of kombucha decreased to 3.16, with increases in titratable acidity and alcohol content of 7.00 g/L and 7.96 g/L, respectively. To enhance the antioxidant activity and taste quality of kombucha, black tea and roselle were mixed at various ratios and inoculated with 10% (v/v) optimal co-culture. The results showed that a high antioxidant activity was obtained using an 8:2 (w/w) ratio of black tea and roselle, at day 10 of fermentation, with a DPPH IC50 value of 23.88 µl/mL and ABTS IC50 value of 6.11 µl/mL. Moreover, the results indicate that kombucha from black tea and roselle can be a functional beverage that has high antioxidant activity and sensory acceptability.","PeriodicalId":36974,"journal":{"name":"Current Applied Science and Technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44961706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Economic Feasibility of Dimethyl Ether from Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch as a Substitute for LPG in Indonesia 印尼油棕空果串二甲醚替代LPG的经济可行性

Current Applied Science and Technology Pub Date : 2022-10-29 DOI: 10.55003/cast.2022.04.23.014

R. Heryadi, B. Widianarko, Angelina Ika Rahutami

{"title":"Economic Feasibility of Dimethyl Ether from Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch as a Substitute for LPG in Indonesia","authors":"R. Heryadi, B. Widianarko, Angelina Ika Rahutami","doi":"10.55003/cast.2022.04.23.014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55003/cast.2022.04.23.014","url":null,"abstract":"Oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB) can be utilized as a feedstock for dimethyl ether (DME) production through the gasification route. DME has similar characteristics to liquefied petroleum gas (LPG). Therefore, it can be used as a substitute for LPG. Some research has been conducted on DME as a substitute for LPG from various aspects. However, little research was focused on the economic study of OPEFB-based DME as an LPG substitute and its contribution towards saving the LPG import budget. This study aims to find DME plant feasibility, and to assess its contribution to the LPG import budget reduction, especially in the Kalimantan region. The DME price at the depot is calculated based on the ex-factory price of DME, transportation cost, and depot fee. The OPEFB-based DME plant capacity is 994 t day-1 OPEFB, which produces 192 t day-1 DME. From an economic perspective, the net present value (NPV), internal rate of return (IRR), and payback period (PP) are USD 93.1 million, 17%, and 10 years, respectively, based on 30 years of plant life and USD 185.4 million investment. Only 57% of the DME-LPG mix can be distributed to fulfill Kalimantan region demand per year, while the savings on the import budget is USD 5.81 million y-1. The OPEFB-based DME plant capacity and capital expenditure (CAPEX) are the most sensitive to perturbance, whereas OPEFB feed price is the least sensitive.","PeriodicalId":36974,"journal":{"name":"Current Applied Science and Technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41488949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0