The Far Eastern Quarterly最新文献

{"title":"Modern Japan: A Brief History.","authors":"Arthur E. Tiedemann","doi":"10.2307/2941936","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/2941936","url":null,"abstract":"our times a year (p. 384). It is somewhat unfortunate also that the authors did not make use of the official election statistics issued either by the Business Offices of the two Houses of the Diet or by the Local Autonomy Agency. There are occasionally significant differences between these and the earlier unofficial versions apparently used here. Finally, it might be suggested that the chapter on local government would be improved by some attention to the spate of amalgamations of villages and towns which has so drastically altered important organizational and fiscal aspects of the local scene in the course of these last two years. These are minor matters, however, which detract very little from the careful accuracy of the work as a whole. Scholars should be aware, of course, that the rate of obsolescence on certain parts of a book of this type is very high. Japan is now well embarked upon her \"reverse course,\" the current euphemism for her attempt to undo or appreciably alter many of the Occupation-imposed changes. This affects in particular the structure, powers, legal relationships and administrative patterns and actions of government. Every month brings fresh and significant changes, and it now seems probable that these may culminate within the next few years in one or more series of amendments of the so-called \"MacArthur Constitution.\" As these changes occur, numerous passages of legal and descriptive material in this study, of course, become outmoded. This is inevitable for a book of this kind. The Japanese situation is remarkable only in terms of the pace and complexity of the changes which are occurring.","PeriodicalId":369319,"journal":{"name":"The Far Eastern Quarterly","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1956-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114155955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Japan—Land and Men. An Account of the Japanese Land Reform Program—1945–51 . By Laurence I. Hewes Jr., Ames: Iowa State College Press, 1955. ix, 154. Bibliography, Maps, Illustrations. $4.00.","authors":"Kurt W. Steiner","doi":"10.2307/2941939","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/2941939","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":369319,"journal":{"name":"The Far Eastern Quarterly","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1956-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123602474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The New Japan: Government and Politics . By Harold S. Quigley and John E. Turner. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1956. viii, 456. Appendices, Index. $5.00.","authors":"R. E. Ward","doi":"10.2307/2941935","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/2941935","url":null,"abstract":"for example, the Jehol \"T'ang\" painting is an early Sung copy (Sire\"n says, Sung. Early Chinese Painting, I [1933], 66. Bachhofer, eighth century. Burlington Magazine [Nov. 1935], 189-191. Sullivan, possibly Ming. Artibus Asiae XVII [1954], 94); or that of two \"Five Dynasties\" Deer are \"perhaps\" Yuan; or why and how a short bamboo handscroll by Kuan Tao-sheng was \"probably improved by\" her husband, Chao Meng-fu. Umehara's is a direct report on a bit of Japanese wartime archaeology. This, along with a recent article on a Manchurian find at Laio-yang (Fairbank and Kitano, Artibus Asiae XVII [1954], 238-264) does much to illuminate Han discoveries at that time. The two tombs described here—212 excavated as early as 1934, and 219 excavated in 1942—are of a well-known Lolang type, but made remarkable by a woman's coiffure, a still-tied silk sash, and for the first time a cross-bow complete with bow. From a mirror, dating in the first century B.C. seems likely. In such a complicated area as nomadic art, it is valuable to have Max Loehr's scholarly concentration on a single motif. By following out the stag form the author concludes that the Transcaucasian stag motif \"originated in the setting of the Tagar-Maiemir phase\" in the Minusinsk (Siberia) and Altai regions. Most interesting to the Far Eastern scholar is the obvious conclusion that China could have no significant part in this (contrary to Karlgren's and Ghirshman's inference from analysis of dagger material). China's indifference to the animal is animal in Shang and Chou art precludes such origins. The Ordos is not an outpost of China but an outpost of the Steppe. Schuyler Cammann's article is a wide and careful summary of past research with the addition of latest findings. No one is better qualified to tell us of these matters, and in effect we are given a view of China's expanding world concretely and enduringly portrayed in bronze, from the early (Chou) circles of heaven, that only open a small center for communication to the earth below, through the more elaborate concepts of heaven and earth that are Han and T'ang, Taoist and Confucian, or even Buddhist and Manichaean. But the line is continuous, all examples presenting ideas of enduring cosmic harmony. Soame Jenyns' work on late Ming and early Ch'ing ceramics is a lively and convincing bit of historical writing. For the general historian it is of special interest for his outline of trade with Europe at this time; and, to return to painting, it is a reminder that this was exactly the time when some of the great \"retired\" artists were working. Interestingly, according to the author, these wares \"abound in some of the most spirited and sensitive drawing in the whole field of Chinese ceramics.\"","PeriodicalId":369319,"journal":{"name":"The Far Eastern Quarterly","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1956-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116253377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"United States relations with Southeast Asia : with special reference to Indochina","authors":"Miriam S. Farley","doi":"10.2307/2941957","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/2941957","url":null,"abstract":"complex scale, comparable conflicts between the desire of officials in underdeveloped countries for help and their shame at fully revealing the scope of the needs of their countrymen; fear, misunderstanding, indifference, and opposition among the beneficiaries; problems of communication in cooperative ventures; conflicts of authority and jurisdiction; problems of decision-making and of the execution of decisions; and, above all, the delicate interactions between the particular part of the economy or culture directly and immediately affected by technical aid, and other components. While each of these case histories presents failures, each also offers successes. The programs of the land reform in Taiwan, of the hookworm campaign in Ceylon, and of the introduction of democratic employment practices in Japan represent large measures of success. The reasons for both failures and successes are illuminating. The editors and contributors are to be commended for their initiative and competence in carrying through this project.","PeriodicalId":369319,"journal":{"name":"The Far Eastern Quarterly","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1956-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131038510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"We the Judges: Studies in American and Indian Constitutional Law from Marshall to Mukherjea . By William O. Douglas. New York: Doubleday, 1956. 480. Index. $6.00.","authors":"Lawrence F. Ebb","doi":"10.2307/2941948","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/2941948","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":369319,"journal":{"name":"The Far Eastern Quarterly","volume":"161 3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1956-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125946304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chinese Spirit-Medium Cults in Singapore . By Alan J. A. Elliott. Monographs on Social Anthropology, No. 14 (New Series), Department of Anthropology, The London School of Economics and Political Science. London, 1955. 179.","authors":"W. Eberhard","doi":"10.2307/2941931","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/2941931","url":null,"abstract":"of potential philosophic interest. He in fact appears not to sense what a presentation of his subject would have to be like in order \"to claim for it a place in world philosophy,\" as he hopes. There is no attempt to treat the ideas even of one man in such a way as to show their interconnections or inconsistencies. Instead of analysis, the author prefers a simple combination of quotation and paraphrase: the fascinating argument between Mencius and Kao Tzu as to the identity of \"life\" and \"nature,\" for example, is given to us without comment, as if the structure of the argument, its point, the meanings of the essential terms, and the lightness of Mencius' position, were all self-evident. If this is, unfortunately, a fairly conventional procedure, we find Mr. Liu conventional also in his larger omissions. Confucian thought after Wang Yang-ming he finds to be \"centuries of dreary scholarship,\" and largely skips it. One hears little or nothing of Confucian views of history or of the arts. It would be a mistake to suppose from the foregoing that the author's attitude toward his subject is one of indifference, however. He shows a strong loyalty to Confucius and Confucianism, and ordinarily uses \"orthodox\" as a term of praise. On a recent (though now defunct) controversial issue, he takes a firm stand, opposing K'ang Yu-wei and his party's attempt to make Confucianism a religion; and throughout the book, his sympathies and interpretations are generally of the ku-wen variety. Considered simply as history, again the book leaves much to be desired. Some initial attention is given to the non-philosophical substance of history, but this is not continued in any adequate way. In supplying detail of a certain kind, Mr. Liu does better, for he appears frequently to be using Chinese sources. One is apt, therefore, at times to run across a piece of information not previously encountered (thus his account of K'ang Yu-wei's Ta t'ung shu contains some items which are not found in Fung Yu-lan's and Professor Bodde's much longer History of Chinese Philosophy). If one should chance on something new, however, there are ample indications that one would do well not to cite this work. (Consider the acceptance without qualification of the Confucian authorship of the Ch'un ch'iu; or the assumption of the genuineness of the K'ung An-kuo Book of History; or the mysterious remarks about Yen Yuan). This reviewer feels that the time is past when a book on Chinese philosophy as casual, unreflective, and uncritical as this can be justified. In view of its inexpensive mode of publication, which will enable it to reach many thousands of readers, it is particularly unfortunate that it could not have been more satisfactory.","PeriodicalId":369319,"journal":{"name":"The Far Eastern Quarterly","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1956-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122966403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Economic Development of Malaya . Report of a Mission Organized by the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins Press, 1955. xix, 707. Appendix, Index. $7.50.","authors":"Charles Wolf join","doi":"10.2307/2941944","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/2941944","url":null,"abstract":"as the invention of the barometer (p. 297); the dates of the production of the woodblocks of the Tripitaka are assigned in the chronology to the invention of movable metal type (p. 297) (This invention he notes three times in his book [pp. 65, 66, 297] and all three dates are different, none correct. The correct date is not ascertainable but it was sometime before 1239.); the encyclopedia which he mentions (p. 66) as consisting of 112 volumes (chuan) is a confusion of two encyclopedias of 55 and 57 chuan each; the Honggildong-jon was not written by the celebrated monk Kasan, but by H6 Kyun (p. 76); the compilation of Oreui [Five Ceremonies] was finished three hundred years before the date mentioned (p. 77); the Japanese attempts to eliminate Chinese influence by means of fomenting a political coup occurred in 1884, not in 1824 (p. 158); and Pak Y6ng-hyo was not sent to Japan before 1879, but in 1882 (p. 165). There are language errors also. The author is not sure of his Sino-Korean readings, i.e., Milo Pong for Piro-bong (p. 8), Eijo for Y6ngjo (p. 15), Yang and Ying for Yang and Yin (p. 28), Song Sol for Song Si-y61 (p. 77), Pak Young Ho for Pak Y6ng-hyo (pp. 165, 332), Lee Tong Hi for Yi Tong-hwi (pp. 166, 181, 333), Kim Pu Ki for Kim Pu-sik (p. 347), etc. Indeed his lack of any system of romanization of Korean words makes it hard for the reader to keep track of anything. His bibliography of books in the Far Eastern languages is weak and it is evident that the author is unfamiliar with them. Incorrect information about the language in which some books are written, incorrect titles and numbers of volumes, and so on are numerous. The book was apparently designed to be supplementary to Dr. George McCune's Korea Today, but comparison can only be invidious. If the author's aim was to enlist sympathy for a divided Korea and its prospects for \"tomorrow,\" he might have succeeded better by limiting himself to postwar topics with which he personally was familiar. The author seems, frankly, not familiar with his native culture from native sources.","PeriodicalId":369319,"journal":{"name":"The Far Eastern Quarterly","volume":"180 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1956-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116478205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Supreme Doctrine: Psychological Studies in Zen Thought . By Hubert Benoit. New York: Pantheon, 1955. xv, 248. Index. $4.50.","authors":"S. Brock","doi":"10.2307/2941961","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/2941961","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":369319,"journal":{"name":"The Far Eastern Quarterly","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1956-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131421910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Other Books Received","authors":"","doi":"10.1017/s0021911800126907","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0021911800126907","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":369319,"journal":{"name":"The Far Eastern Quarterly","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1956-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114625482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Republic of Indonesia . By Dorothy Woodman. New York: Philosophical Library, 1955. ix, 443. Bibliography, Index, Map. $6.00.","authors":"C. Wolf,","doi":"10.2307/2941947","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/2941947","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":369319,"journal":{"name":"The Far Eastern Quarterly","volume":"124 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1956-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133677142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}