Journal of Hand Surgery Global Online最新文献

{"title":"Extensor Pollicis Brevis Tendon Transfer for Thumb Reconstruction in Radial Nerve Palsy: A Comparative Cadaveric Study","authors":"Yosuke Ito MD ,&nbsp;Yusuke Matsuura PhD ,&nbsp;Takane Suzuki PhD ,&nbsp;Takahiro Yamazaki PhD ,&nbsp;Kenji Kubota MD ,&nbsp;Seiji Ohtori PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.jhsg.2025.100781","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jhsg.2025.100781","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>In this study, we proposed a new tendon transfer method for thumb function reconstruction to treat radial nerve injuries. We specifically focused on enhancing thumb radial abduction by transferring the palmaris longus (PL) to the extensor pollicis brevis (EPB) while preserving the first compartment.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Eight freshly frozen cadaver specimens were used to compare our proposed technique (transferring the PL to the EPB while preserving the first compartment) with the Tsuge method (transferring the extensor pollicis longus (EPL) and fixing the abductor pollicis longus to the flexor carpi radialis). Thumb radial deviation, palmar abduction, and interphalangeal joint extension angles were measured at various traction forces.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>This method demonstrated superior efficiency in thumb radial abduction (especially at traction forces of 15 N and 20 N) compared to the Tsuge method.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Using the proposed method, the thumb extension and abduction functions can be reconstructed without requiring a pulley. However, concerns were raised about potential inadequate interphalangeal joint extension, although this can be mitigated by suturing the EPB and EPL. Our findings indicate that this method is suitable for our biomechanics study, suggesting its potential applications for cases in which radial nerve injuries necessitate tendon transfer.</div></div><div><h3>Clinical relevance</h3><div>The proposed method of transferring the PL to the EPB achieves more effective radial deviation of the thumb than the Tsuge method, highlighting its clinical applicability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hand Surgery Global Online","volume":"7 5","pages":"Article 100781"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144721210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hyaluronate-Alginate Gel-Coated Porcine Small Intestine Submucosa for Nerve Protection Minimizes Extraneural Collagen Deposition in a Preclinical Model","authors":"Nesreen Zoghoul Alsmadi PhD ,&nbsp;Curt Deister PhD ,&nbsp;Peter Evans MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Tamer Ghanem MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Brandon Smetana MD ,&nbsp;Deana Mercer MD","doi":"10.1016/j.jhsg.2025.100784","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jhsg.2025.100784","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>This study evaluated the use of a hyaluronate-alginate gel-coated small intestine submucosa (HA-SIS) to protect a nontransected nerve in an adhesion rodent model.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The sciatic nerve of 60 male Lewis rats underwent neurolysis, with subsequent surgical treatments varying according to their assigned groups. The sham group (n = 20) was surgically closed immediately after neurolysis. The muscle bed of the untreated group (n = 20) was traumatized with a bipolar coagulator and then surgically closed. The muscle bed of the HA-SIS group (n = 20) was traumatized with a bipolar coagulator, the nerve was wrapped with HA-SIS, and the site was surgically closed. Ten animals in each group were terminated at each timepoint, 6 and 26 weeks. Surgical sites were assessed by gross pathology and histology.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Gastrocnemius muscle wet weight was significantly higher in the HA-SIS group than in the untreated and sham groups at 26 weeks. At both timepoints, adhesion scores were highest in the untreated group. At both timepoints, extraneural collagen deposition was significantly higher in the untreated group than in the sham and the HA-SIS groups. At 26 weeks, CD68-positive macrophages were significantly higher in the untreated group than in the HA-SIS group. No significant differences were noted across groups for intraneural collagen-to-cell ratio and blood vessel count.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>These results demonstrate that nerve wrapping with HA-SIS in an injured muscle bed reduces external nerve adhesions, extraneural collagen deposition, and long-term inflammation (CD68-positive macrophages) compared with the results of unwrapped nerves.</div></div><div><h3>Clinical relevance</h3><div>This level five study examines the impact of a hostile environment on nerve health, as well as the influence of a nerve protection device on diminishing its detrimental effects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hand Surgery Global Online","volume":"7 5","pages":"Article 100784"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144724443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regarding “Relationship Among Postoperative Arthritis, Ischemic Changes in Subchondral Bone on Postoperative MR Images, and Central Impaction Fragment on Preoperative Computed Tomography Scans in Patients With Intra-articular Distal Radius Fracture: A Preliminary Report”","authors":"Stuart H. Kuschner MD","doi":"10.1016/j.jhsg.2025.100801","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jhsg.2025.100801","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hand Surgery Global Online","volume":"7 5","pages":"Article 100801"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144721211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations of Demographic, Lifestyle, and Clinical Factors With the Presence of Dupuytren Disease: Results from the Lifelines Cohort Study","authors":"Michel F.N. Noordman BSc ,&nbsp;Sophie A. Riesmeijer MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Paul M.N. Werker MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Ilja M. Nolte PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.jhsg.2025.100786","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jhsg.2025.100786","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Many risk factors have been associated with Dupuytren disease (DD), but their contribution is still unclear. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the associations of a wide range of risk factors with the presence of DD in Lifelines, an ongoing prospective population-based cohort study with &gt;165,000 participants initiated in 2006.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The presence of DD was determined through questionnaires by self-reported doctor’s diagnosis. The association between demographic, lifestyle, and clinical factors and DD was analyzed using logistic regression adjusted for age, age², and sex. If <em>P</em> &lt; .25, the variable was selected for inclusion in multivariable logistic regression models. Related risk factors were grouped into blocks to overcome multicollinearity. Stepwise hierarchical modeling was applied. Nested models were compared using log-likelihood ratio tests. Sensitivity analysis using controls &gt;55 years was performed to assess the robustness of the findings.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Overall, 1,320 (2.1%) Lifelines participants reported to have DD. Age, age², and sex accounted for 7.8% of the variability observed in DD risk. Other risk factors for DD were (osteo)arthritis, anti-inflammatory or antirheumatic products, high-density lipoprotein levels, triglyceride levels, alcohol use, and diabetes and diabetes medication, while anthropometric measures of adiposity were negatively associated with DD. Their contribution was relatively small, with the explained variance increasing only to 8.76%.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Older age and male sex were the predominant factors increasing DD risk, but anthropometric measures of adiposity, (osteo)arthritis, anti-inflammatory and antirheumatic drugs, high-density lipoprotein levels, triglyceride levels, alcohol use, diabetes and diabetes medication also contributed significantly to the final risk model for DD. In particular, the joint related factors are of interest because previous evidence for these risk factors was inconclusive.</div></div><div><h3>Clinical relevance</h3><div>Our risk model presents an opportunity for prevention of DD. Future studies should elucidate the role of rheumatoid arthritis in DD. Risk models may possibly enable the creation of accurate individual risk profiles of DD leading to optimization of care.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hand Surgery Global Online","volume":"7 5","pages":"Article 100786"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144695137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Incidence and Risk Factors for Soft Tissue Hand and Wrist Conditions in Pregnancy and Postpartum","authors":"Gabriella B. Smith BA ,&nbsp;Bill Young BA ,&nbsp;Ashley L. Titan MD ,&nbsp;Deborah E. Kenney MS, OTR/L ,&nbsp;Amy L. Ladd MD","doi":"10.1016/j.jhsg.2025.100778","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jhsg.2025.100778","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>This study aimed to identify the incidence of and risk factors associated with soft tissue hand conditions in pregnancy and postpartum. We hypothesized that the incidence of de Quervain tenosynovitis (DQT) and possibly carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) and trigger finger would be higher in pregnancy and postpartum and that gestational diabetes would be a risk factor for these conditions.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Using the PearlDiver administrative claims database, we identified pregnant females undergoing vaginal or Cesarean delivery from 2011 to 2022. This cohort was propensity score matched based on age and Elixhauser comorbidity index to females who were not pregnant. We identified pregnant females with a diagnosis of gestational diabetes. Multivariate regression models were used to assess the risk of developing a hand condition within the first year postpartum, adjusting for age, geographical region, insurance plan, comorbidity index, and inflammatory arthritis or diabetes diagnosis. We applied these models to evaluate the risk of developing a hand condition in gestational diabetes patients.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We identified a cohort of 357,534 postpartum patients and 357,803 control patients. We observed a 1.5% incidence of hand conditions postpartum compared to 1.3% in the control population (<em>P</em> &lt; .001). Pregnancy was associated with an increased risk of diagnosis with DQT (odds ratio [OR], 5.11; 95% confidence interval [CI], 4.47–5.85; <em>P</em> &lt; .001). Gestational diabetes was also associated with an increased risk of a hand condition diagnosis (OR, 1.34; 95% CI, 1.26–1.42; <em>P</em> &lt; .001), specifically increased odds of CTS (OR, 1.40; 95% CI, 1.29–1.51; <em>P</em> &lt; .001) and DQT (OR, 1.23; 95% CI, 1.12–1.34; <em>P</em> &lt; .001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Pregnancy is a significant risk factor for hand conditions and was associated with increased odds of DQT. Gestational diabetes is a significant risk factor for CTS and DQT. Our findings can inform screening and patient education efforts for high-risk pregnant patients.</div></div><div><h3>Type of study/level of evidence</h3><div>Prognostic IIIb.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hand Surgery Global Online","volume":"7 5","pages":"Article 100778"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144695133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Developing a Consensus-Based Core Set of Outcome Measures for Ulnar Nerve Surgery: A Delphi Study With Focus on the Supercharged End-to-Side Anterior Interosseous Nerve to Ulnar Nerve Transfer","authors":"Tachit Jiravichitchai MD, MSc ,&nbsp;Joy MacDermid PhD ,&nbsp;Maryam Farzad PhD ,&nbsp;Pulak Parikh PhD ,&nbsp;Stahs Pripotnev MD","doi":"10.1016/j.jhsg.2025.100788","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jhsg.2025.100788","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>The supercharged end-to-side (SETS) anterior interosseous to ulnar nerve transfer is increasingly used to augment intrinsic muscle recovery in patients with severe ulnar neuropathy. However, there is a lack of standardized outcome measures to evaluate the effectiveness of this procedure. This study aimed to develop a consensus-based core set of outcome measures applicable to ulnar nerve surgery, with a specific focus on the SETS transfer.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A two-round modified Delphi process was conducted involving 15 multidisciplinary experts in hand surgery and upper limb rehabilitation. The initial survey was informed by a comprehensive literature review and expert opinion. Participants ranked outcome domains and corresponding measurement tools based on their relevance in both clinical and research settings. Consensus was defined as ≥75% agreement. A second-round survey was conducted to refine the results and focus specifically on outcomes applicable to SETS procedures.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In Round 1, experts reached consensus on several key domains including motor function, functional ability, quality of life, pain, dexterity, and sensory evaluation. In Round 2, a refined core outcome set for SETS procedures was established. Lateral pinch strength and daily living function self-assessment were prioritized across both settings. Validated tools endorsed included the Patient-Rated Ulnar Nerve Evaluation, Short Form-12, visual analog scale, nine-hole peg test, and two-point discrimination.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This Delphi study established a consensus-based core outcome set for evaluating surgical outcomes following ulnar nerve reconstruction, with specific application to SETS procedures. The proposed framework integrates patient-reported and clinician-rated measures and may support standardization in future research and clinical practice.</div></div><div><h3>Clinical relevance</h3><div>The lack of standardized outcomes for ulnar nerve transfers limits cross-study comparisons and evidence synthesis. This study provides a structured outcome set to support consistent evaluation and improve decision making in patients undergoing SETS or related procedures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hand Surgery Global Online","volume":"7 5","pages":"Article 100788"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144695138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cryotherapy-Induced Full-Thickness Digital Frostbite Injury Reconstructed With Reverse Cross-Finger Flap","authors":"Joseph W. Gorvetzian MD ,&nbsp;Jacob D. Franke MD ,&nbsp;Reece A. Moore MD ,&nbsp;Stephen P. Duquette MD","doi":"10.1016/j.jhsg.2025.100799","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jhsg.2025.100799","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We present a rare case of full-thickness frostbite injury following cryotherapeutic treatment for a viral digital wart. Treatment of abnormal skin growths secondary to cutaneous infection by human papillomavirus (ie, warts) often is sought because of their unsightly appearance. Numerous treatment modalities exist, including topical, systemic, surgical, and cryotherapeutic options. Cryotherapy (eg, liquid nitrogen) represents a common treatment option for cutaneous warts. Complications secondary to cryotherapy are infrequent and generally minor (eg, skin dyspigmentation or transient dysesthesias). In this case, a 37-year-old woman sustained a full-thickness injury following cryotherapeutic treatment for a wart on the dorsum of her left ring finger resulting in a wound with exposure and partial injury of her terminal extensor tendon. The wound was treated with debridement and reconstruction with reverse cross-finger flap from the adjacent long finger. Observed functional and cosmetic outcomes were excellent, including complete resolution of her terminal extensor lag.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hand Surgery Global Online","volume":"7 5","pages":"Article 100799"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144695068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Wide-Awake Local Anesthesia No Tourniquet Surgery on Education During Surgical Training: A Survey of Residents and Fellowship Directors","authors":"Francine Zeng MD ,&nbsp;Lisa Tamburini MD ,&nbsp;Marissa Gedman MD ,&nbsp;Christopher Garcia BS ,&nbsp;Joel V. Ferreira MD ,&nbsp;Craig M. Rodner MD ,&nbsp;Anthony Parrino MD","doi":"10.1016/j.jhsg.2025.100783","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jhsg.2025.100783","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Wide-awake local anesthesia no tourniquet (WALANT) surgery is becoming widely popular in the United States, although its impact on resident education remains unclear. We aimed to assess resident experience with WALANT surgery across the country with the goal of understanding benefits as well as identifying areas for improvement.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>An electronic survey assessing exposure and experience with the WALANT technique and the perceived impact on education was sent to 213 orthopedic surgery residency programs to be distributed to residents and 94 hand fellowship directors. Survey data were collected using Research Electronic Data Capture.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Sixty-five residents (24 females) completed the survey. Although 46 (71%) residents described their overall experience with WALANT as “excellent” or “good,” 49 (75%) rated the overall educational value as “lower” or “about the same” as surgeries performed under anesthesia. When asked how to improve training, most responses recommended increased exposure and patient education regarding resident involvement during cases. Approximately half of the fellowship directors endorsed altering their teaching methods and how much they allow either a resident or fellow to perform during a WALANT case. The most common reasons for this included time constraints, patient comfort, and patient being awake during the case.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Many orthopedic residents are being exposed to WALANT hand surgery, but it may be less educational compared with procedures under anesthesia.</div></div><div><h3>Clinical relevance</h3><div>To improve education, we recommend increasing exposure, having open communication with patients regarding the trainee’s role, and emphasizing discussion between the trainee and surgeon before and after surgery.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hand Surgery Global Online","volume":"7 5","pages":"Article 100783"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144695135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Value of Early Diagnosis and Treatment of Amyloidosis: A Pilot Study of Synovial Biopsy During Carpal Tunnel Release","authors":"Trevor Ruesch BS ,&nbsp;Nevil Khurana MS ,&nbsp;Logan Hansen MD ,&nbsp;Katiya Barkho BS ,&nbsp;Julia Malewicz BS ,&nbsp;Benjamin Brennan MS ,&nbsp;Charles S. Day MD, MBA","doi":"10.1016/j.jhsg.2025.100779","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jhsg.2025.100779","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>The purpose of this study is to calculate the value of early diagnosis and treatment of transthyretin amyloidosis with tafamadis prior to the development of the symptoms of heart failure. In this pilot study of 51 patients, we present the validation of a published algorithm for the early identification of patients at risk for amyloidosis via tenosynovial biopsy during carpal tunnel release. In addition, by integrating clinical data from this pilot study with published predictive models, we aim to calculate the value of routine screening biopsies for transthyretin amyloidosis.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Patients presenting for carpal tunnel release surgery had a tenosynovial biopsy collected at the time of surgery. Cost information was gathered from hospital records. In conjunction with published models, five incremental cost effectiveness ratio equations were generated to assess the value of these screening biopsies.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of the 51 biopsied patients, six tested positive for amyloid, and one was started on tafamadis, a disease-modifying medication. Early diagnosis and treatment of patients with New York Heart Association class I (NYHA I) heart failure as opposed to NYHA IV results at a cost of $166,691.49 USD per quality adjusted life year (QALY). When treatment is initiated at NYHA class II stage compared with NYHA class IV, there is a cost of $155,977.22/QALY. For treatment at NYHA class III compared with NYHA class IV, the cost is $75,333.28/QALY.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study validates the utility of previous criteria in identifying patients at high risk for systemic amyloidosis earlier in the disease course. Using the commonly accepted willingness to pay threshold of $50,000/QALY, early initiation of tafamadis does not represent a cost effective intervention. Routine biopsy of patients is not cost effective with the current cost of therapy and positivity rates of amyloidosis screening.</div></div><div><h3>Type of study/level of evidence</h3><div>Prognostic IB.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hand Surgery Global Online","volume":"7 5","pages":"Article 100779"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144695134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating Normative Measurements of the Thumb and Index Finger to Aid in Reconstructive Surgery","authors":"Sydney Boike MD ,&nbsp;Mikayla J. Baker MD ,&nbsp;Lucas Ray MD ,&nbsp;Ali Odenthal MPH ,&nbsp;Deb Bohn MD ,&nbsp;Ann Van Heest MD","doi":"10.1016/j.jhsg.2025.100792","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jhsg.2025.100792","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>This study aims to investigate normative measurements of the thumb relative to the index finger; this may help guide hand surgery reconstruction and define a thumb as hyperplastic or hypertrophic.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In total, 162 Minnesota State Fair participants were measured for thumb and index finger length, width, girth; joint range of motion (ROM) of the interphalangeal and metacarpophalangeal joints; and pinch and grip strength.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Participants’ age averaged 42.5 (range 14–88) years with 57% female, 86% White, and 86% right-handed. The right and left demonstrated similarity of thumb and index finger size for each participant. Men demonstrated larger length and girth of the thumb and index finger and stronger pinch and grip strengths but have minimal differences in ROM compared to women. The ratio of the index fingernail is 75% of the thumbnail. The length of the thumb is 73% of the index finger, and the thumb interphalangeal girth is 80% of the index finger proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joint. On average, the thumb tip sits 1.9 cm proximal to the index PIP joint.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Anthropometric measurements of the thumb and index fingers demonstrate similarities of right and left hands for length, girth, ROM, and strength. Differences exist with size and strength greater for men compared with women, without differences in ROM. The thumb tip, on average, sits 19 mm proximal to the PIP joint, which is contrary to the conventional teaching for index pollicization to set the thumb tip length to the level of the adjacent finger PIP joint.</div></div><div><h3>Type of study/level of evidence</h3><div>Therapeutic IV.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hand Surgery Global Online","volume":"7 5","pages":"Article 100792"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144695136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}