Journal of Experimental Orthopaedics最新文献

{"title":"Spine alignment influences shoulder range of motion and scapular orientation: A systematic review from the FP-UCBM Shoulder Study Group.","authors":"Pietro Gregori, Mauro La Bruna, Giuseppe Francesco Papalia, Giancarlo Giurazza, Clemente Caria, Michele Paciotti, Fabrizio Russo, Edoardo Franceschetti, Umile Giuseppe Longo, Rocco Papalia","doi":"10.1002/jeo2.70604","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jeo2.70604","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The relationship between spine orientation and the shoulder active range of motion (ROM) has been an ever-growing topic in the last few years. This systematic review aimed to assess the epidemiological association between spine morphology and shoulder function.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines were followed. A literature search was performed on PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane library. Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and cross-sectional studies, analysing the correlation between shoulder ROM and Cobb angle, kyphosis index, scapular tilt, forward scapular posture, functional scores in adults were selected. Finally, data of interest were extracted and analysed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of five studies were included in this study. The study included a total number of 624 participants and 887 shoulders. The mean age 40 years old, ranging from 17.1 to 67. The most significant correlations (<i>p</i> < 0.0003) were that greater thoracic kyphosis was associated with increased scapular internal rotation (<i>R </i>= Left -0.081 Right = -0.065) (<i>p</i> < 0.0003), and that greater scapular anterior tilt was associated with increased scapular internal rotation (<i>R</i> = 0.29, <i>p</i> < 0.001). Higher thoracic kyphosis was correlated with reduced shoulder abduction (<i>R</i> = -0.163, <i>p</i> < 0.005) and flexion (<i>R</i> = -0.118, <i>p</i> < 0.05), whereas greater lumbar ROM was associated with increased abduction and flexion (<i>R</i> = 0.119, <i>p</i> < 0.05 and <i>R</i> = 0.166, <i>p</i> < 0.005). In addition, higher thoracic kyphosis was correlated with reduced shoulder adduction (<i>R</i> = -0.72, <i>p</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Sagittal spine morphology shows frequent and significant correlations with shoulder active ROM. In particular, greater thoracic kyphosis is associated with increased scapular internal rotation and reduced shoulder abduction, adduction and flexion, while higher lumbar mobility correlates with improved shoulder elevation. These findings confirm the biomechanical interdependence between spinal alignment and shoulder kinematics.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>Level III.</p>","PeriodicalId":36909,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Orthopaedics","volume":"13 2","pages":"e70604"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13086636/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147724213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Off-the-shelf femoral components consistently understuff the anterior compartment in kinematically aligned total knee arthroplasty: A prospective observational analysis from the FP-UCBM knee study group.","authors":"Edoardo Franceschetti, Giancarlo Giurazza, Stefano Campi, Marco Edoardo Cardinale, Andrea Tanzilli, Pietro Gregori, Michele Paciotti, Matteo Pepe, Biagio Zampogna, Rocco Papalia","doi":"10.1002/jeo2.70573","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jeo2.70573","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To assess the postoperative restoration of native anterior femoral offset (AFO) in kinematically aligned (KA) total knee arthroplasty (TKA) with the hypothesis that current off-the-shelf femoral components inadequately address the anterior compartment native anatomy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A prospective analysis was performed on 93 knees undergoing TKA with KA using GMK Sphere (Medacta) femoral components, excluding patients with posttraumatic osteoarthritis, radiographic signs of trochlear dysplasia ≥ type A of the Dejour classification, anterior femoral cortex notching or femoral component flexion >5° on postoperative lateral radiographs. After performing the anterior chamfer cut, the resected bone was measured with a caliper at the most prominent point of the trochlear groove, as well as the lateral and medial trochlear facets. After compensating for cartilage wear and saw blade thickness, the adjusted values were recorded as the native AFO. The thickness of the GMK Sphere femoral component at the trochlear surface corresponding to the middle of the anterior chamfer-specific to each implant size-defined the prosthetic AFO. AFO difference (AFOd) was defined as the difference between prosthetic and native AFO. <i>T</i>-test and equivalence testing were performed to compare prosthetic and native AFO. Statistical significance was defined as <i>p</i> < 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>AFO was consistently reduced across all regions, with a mean AFOd of -5.40 ± 2.40 mm at the medial trochlear facet, -2.32 ± 1.46 mm at the lateral facet, and -2.49 ± 1.11 mm at the trochlear sulcus (<i>p</i> < 0.001). The AFO was preserved in only 11.8% of cases at the medial trochlear facet, 29.0% at the lateral facet, and 18.3% at the sulcus. In none of the cases was the AFO increased.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>KA using off-the-shelf femoral components does not allow a full resurfacing of the trochlea, resulting in consistent offset reduction of the anterior compartment.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>Level IV, prospective observational study.</p>","PeriodicalId":36909,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Orthopaedics","volume":"13 2","pages":"e70573"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13086619/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147724103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Introducing functional dysplasia: Dynamic pelvic mechanics during running reduce femoral head coverage","authors":"Renato Locks,&nbsp;Eliane C. Guadagnin,&nbsp;Felipe F. Gonzalez,&nbsp;Guilherme Pradi Adam,&nbsp;Jorge Chahla,&nbsp;Andrew E. Jimenez,&nbsp;Robert F. LaPrade,&nbsp;Leonardo Metsavaht,&nbsp;Gustavo Leporace","doi":"10.1002/jeo2.70711","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jeo2.70711","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Purpose&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;To investigate the influence of peak contralateral pelvic drop and ipsilateral femoral adduction during running on traditional radiographic parameters of femoral head coverage.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;This cross-sectional retrospective study included 19 patients (38 hips), 9 males and 10 females, with a mean age of 40 ± 10 years, all presenting with symptomatic unilateral femoroacetabular impingement. Participants underwent a three-dimensional running analysis and anteroposterior pelvic radiographs. Using specialised software, the femur and pelvis were rotated in the coronal plane based on the peak angles of contralateral pelvic drop and femoral adduction obtained from the biokinetic running analysis. After prior validation, traditional femoral head coverage parameters were assessed on both standard and adjusted radiographs, and the variation of each radiographic measurement was obtained.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;The mean contralateral pelvic drop and ipsilateral femoral adduction were 4.6° ± 3.8° and 5.3° ± 2.6°, respectively. Comparing adjusted with standard radiographs, the lateral centre-edge angle significantly decreased by 4.8° ± 4.1° (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001), while the femoro-epiphyseal acetabular roof index, acetabular index, sharp angle and extrusion index significantly increased by 10.1° ± 5.9°, 5.4% ± 4.4%, 5.2° ± 4.5° and 4.7° ± 4.0° (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001), respectively. After image adjustment, the percentage of hips classified as dysplastic increased based on the lateral centre-edge angle (0%–18%), acetabular index (11%–45%), extrusion index (5%–21%) and sharp angle (45%–76%). The femoro-epiphyseal acetabular roof index classified five hips (13%) as unstable. Linear regression demonstrated that each degree of pelvic drop resulted in a decrease of 0.92° of the lateral centre-edge angle and increases of 0.94°–1.13° in the other radiographic measurements.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Conclusion&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;This study demonstrated that femoral head coverage significantly decreases due to contralateral pelvic drop during running. This results in an increased number of dysplastic findings on adjusted radiographs. Patients with significant contralateral pelvic drop and ipsilateral femoral adduction during running may be at risk for functional dysplasia.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Level of Evidence&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Level III, retrospective cross-sectional.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/","PeriodicalId":36909,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Orthopaedics","volume":"13 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://esskajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jeo2.70711","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147686051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intraoperative fluoroscopically assessment underestimates the posterior tibial slope in open-wedge high tibial osteotomy","authors":"Georgios Neopoulos,&nbsp;Alexander Berger,&nbsp;Patrizia Sieber,&nbsp;Lukas Jud,&nbsp;Lazaros Vlachopoulos,&nbsp;Sandro F. Fucentese","doi":"10.1002/jeo2.70723","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jeo2.70723","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Purpose</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To compare intraoperative and postoperative posterior tibial slope (PTS) measurements and determine whether unintended postoperative changes occur relative to preoperative values.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 79 patients (81 knees) underwent open-wedge high tibial osteotomy (owHTO) using patient-specific instrumentation (PSI) for varus malalignment were included. PTS was assessed pre, intra and postoperatively on short lateral knee radiographs using standardised calibrated software. The hip-knee-ankle angle (HKA) and the medial proximal tibia angle (MPTA) were measured pre and postoperatively on weight-bearing long leg radiographs (LLR).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Preoperative (10.3° [7.3−11.7°]) and intraoperative (9.1° [6.7–11.2°]) PTS measurements were significantly lower than postoperative (10.8° [8.5–13.3°]) values (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Intraoperative PTS was also significantly lower than the preoperative one (9.1° [6.7–11.2°] vs. 10.3° [7.3−11.7°]) (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01). Intraoperative PTS underestimated the postoperative PTS by a mean of 1.8° (95% CI: −2.1° to – 1.5°). Both HKA and MPTA changed significantly postoperatively (−7.4 ± 3.8° vs. 0.4 ± 2.6° <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001, 84.4 ± 2.8° vs. 91.0 ± 2.8° <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Intraoperative PTS measurements significantly underestimated postoperative PTS, by a mean of 1.8°, indicating that visual intraoperative assessment based on fluoroscopy should be interpreted with caution when used to evaluate postoperative PTS.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Level of Evidence</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Level IV.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36909,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Orthopaedics","volume":"13 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://esskajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jeo2.70723","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147683835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Post-operative septic arthritis after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction results in higher osteoarthritis severity and deficit of range of motion: A matched control analysis with a minimum 8-year follow-up","authors":"Sebastian Imach,&nbsp;Steffen T. Ubl,&nbsp;Carolin Flieser,&nbsp;Julius Stüber,&nbsp;Sven Shafizadeh,&nbsp;Arasch Wafaisade,&nbsp;Jan-Hendrik Naendrup,&nbsp;Daniel Guenther,&nbsp;Bertil Bouillon,&nbsp;Thomas R. Pfeiffer","doi":"10.1002/jeo2.70716","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jeo2.70716","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Purpose</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Evaluating knee joint function, activity level, and osteoarthritis severity in patients at least 8 years after post-operative knee septic arthritis (SA) following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>From May 2010 to January 2012, 39 patients at our institution were treated for knee SA following ACLR using graft-retaining treatment protocols. Follow-up examinations after a minimum of 8 years included clinical examination, measurement of anterior tibial translation (rolimeter), International Knee Documentation Committee Subjective Knee Form (IKDC), 12-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-12), Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), and Marx and Tegner scores. Osteoarthritis severity was described on radiographs using the Kellgren–Lawrence scale. Synovial fluid was aspirated from patients with persistent infection signs and evaluated using multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Based on ACLR graft, sex and preoperative Tegner score (±1), a 1:1 propensity score matched control group including patients with ACLR without knee SA signs was assembled.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Matching resulted in 17 patients per group. While the patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) (IKDC, Tegner, Marx and SF-12) showed no significant differences between the groups (<i>p</i> &gt; 0.05), the WOMAC score was significantly worse in the infection group (<i>p</i> = 0.016). Range of motion deficits were more frequent in the infection group (65% vs. 18%; <i>p</i> = 0.005). The infection group also had higher Kellgren–Lawrence grades (2 [1–2.75] vs. 0 [0–1], <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Multiplex PCR detected no persistent infection. Two patients (10%) in the infection group required graft removal. No correlation was found between the number of lavages and long-term outcomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>SA after ACLR, when treated with a standardized graft-retaining protocol, results in higher OA severity, worse WOMAC scores and persistent range of motion limitations at long-term follow-up, while other PROMs and activity level remained comparable to those of non-infected cases.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Level of Evidence</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Level III.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36909,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Orthopaedics","volume":"13 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://esskajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jeo2.70716","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147686050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lateral meniscus repair contributes to controlling pivot shift in patients undergoing anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with steeper lateral posterior tibial slope","authors":"Masaki Amemiya,&nbsp;Yusuke Nakagawa,&nbsp;Tomomasa Nakamura,&nbsp;Nobutake Ozeki,&nbsp;Takashi Hoshino,&nbsp;Mai Katakura,&nbsp;Aritoshi Yoshihara,&nbsp;Ichiro Sekiya,&nbsp;Hideyuki Koga","doi":"10.1002/jeo2.70717","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jeo2.70717","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Purpose</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The lateral meniscus (LM) controls anterolateral rotatory instability (ALRI) and is considered a secondary restraint. However, how the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and LM contribute to ALRI control remains unclear. This study investigated the degree to which ACL and LM contribute to ALRI control and examined factors contributing to ALRI during anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Twenty-six patients in ACL and LM-injured knees were enroled. Tibial acceleration in pivot shift was measured using a triaxial accelerometer by adjusting ACL graft tension before and after LM repair. ACL graft tension required for below-healthy-side pivot shift acceleration (minimum required tension [MRT]) was measured before and after LM repair. Patient factors for a larger contribution of LM to ALRI were determined by univariate linear regression analysis between changes in pivot shift acceleration before and after LM repair, and explanatory variables included patient and morphological factors. Furthermore, multiple regression analysis was conducted to identify independent factors significantly associated with the change.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>LM repair reduced the pivot shift acceleration in most cases, even following ACLR fixed at 10 N for each bundle (20 N in total) and pivot shift acceleration decreased significantly from 4.3 ± 1.2 to 2.9 ± 0.9 m/s² by LM repair (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). The MRT was 10 N without LM repair in 13 patients (50%). LM repair reduced MRT to 10 N in 11 of the remaining 13 patients. Only the lateral posterior tibial slope (PTS) significantly correlated with changes in pivot shift acceleration (<i>r</i> = 0.60, <i>p</i> = 0.001). In the multiple regression analysis as well, lateral PTS was the only factor identified as a significant predictor.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>LM repair decreased pivot shift acceleration and MRT, indicating the importance of LM repair in force-sharing with the ACL. LM contributes significantly to ALRI in patients with a larger lateral PTS. During ACLR, the LM should be repaired as much as possible.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Level of Evidence</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Level III, diagnostic study.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36909,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Orthopaedics","volume":"13 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://esskajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jeo2.70717","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147685972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lateral meniscus posterior root repair during ACL reconstruction restores knee stability and results in outcomes comparable to isolated ACL reconstruction: A propensity-matched cohort analysis","authors":"Nikolaos Koukoulias,&nbsp;George Mihai Avram,&nbsp;Evangelia Ioannis Germanou,&nbsp;Dimitris Koukoulias,&nbsp;Georgios Graikos,&nbsp;Angelo Vasiliadis,&nbsp;Ioannis Tsifountoudis,&nbsp;Theofilos Dimitriadis","doi":"10.1002/jeo2.70725","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jeo2.70725","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Purpose&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;To compare clinical and MRI outcomes as well as knee anterior-posterior (AP) and rotational stability between ACL reconstructions (ACLR) with concomitant lateral meniscus posterior root (LMPR) repair and matched isolated ACLR, while assessing whether different LMPR tear patterns affect post-operative stability, healing or meniscal extrusion.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;A retrospective review was performed on patients &lt; 55 years old who underwent ACLR and LMPR repair between 2018 and 2022, with minimum 2-year follow-up. Patients with osteoarthritis, prior meniscal or cartilage surgery, revision ACLR, or multi-ligament injuries were excluded. The LMPR group was stratified into oblique radial (I), longitudinal/T-type (II), and avulsion (III) tears. A 2:1 propensity score-matched control cohort of isolated ACLR was created. Pre- and post-operative knee stability (pivot shift, KT-1000), PROMs (IKDC, Lysholm, Tegner), LMPR healing, lateral meniscus extrusion (LME), and MRI parameters (posterior meniscofemoral ligament) pMFL, (lateral femoral notch sign) LFNS were analysed.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Forty-one LMPR repairs and 20 matched controls were included. Pre-operative instability was similar between groups (pivot shift &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.09, KT-1000 &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.92). Significant improvements in pivot shift and KT-1000 were observed post-operatively in both groups (all &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001), with no post-operative differences between them (pivot shift &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.72, KT-1000 &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.94). PROMs improved significantly in all groups (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001) with no post-operative group differences. Post-operative reduction of LME did not differ statistically among tear types (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &gt; 0.05), but LME still remained slightly higher in the study group. LMPR healing was high (75.6% complete, 24.4% partial) with no failures and no difference in healing across tear patterns (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.46). The presence of LFNS or pMFL was not associated with tear type or with LMPR versus control status (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &gt; 0.05).&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Conclusion&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;LMPR repair performed during ACLR successfully restores knee stability, decreases LME, and achieves functional outcomes similar to isolated ACLR. Tear morphology does not significantly affect post-operative clinical or magnetic resonance imaging results.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Level of Evidence&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Level III, retrosp","PeriodicalId":36909,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Orthopaedics","volume":"13 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://esskajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jeo2.70725","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147686001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Return-to-sport outcomes after primary and revision anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction using quadriceps tendon autografts in highly active male athletes","authors":"Cecilie K. Olsen,&nbsp;Julian A. Feller,&nbsp;Haydn J. Klemm,&nbsp;Kate E. Webster","doi":"10.1002/jeo2.70718","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jeo2.70718","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Purpose</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To evaluate return-to-sport (RTS) outcomes following primary and revision anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) using quadriceps tendon autografts in a highly active male athletic population.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This retrospective cohort study included 140 highly active male athletes who underwent ACLR with a quadriceps tendon autograft by a single surgeon between 2014 and 2021. Participants were divided into primary (<i>n</i> = 93) and revision (<i>n</i> = 47) groups. All participants were surveyed regarding RTS outcomes at 2–3 years postoperatively. Survey outcomes included return to some kind of sport, return to preinjury sport (any level), return to preinjury sport at the same or higher level and self-perceived ability to perform at the pre-injury level. Descriptive statistics were calculated and presented.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In the primary reconstruction cohort, 98.9% of athletes successfully returned to some sport, 90.3% to their pre-injury sport, and 73.1% to their pre-injury sport at the same or higher level. Of those who returned to their pre-injury sport, 70.2% reported performing at their pre-injury level. Of those who returned to their pre-injury sport at the same or higher level, 79.4% reported performing at their pre-injury level. In the revision cohort, 85.1% of athletes successfully returned to some sport, 57.4% to their pre-injury sport and 40.4% to their pre-injury sport at the same or higher level. Of athletes in the revision cohort who returned to their pre-injury sport, 55.6% reported performing at their pre-injury level. Of those who returned at the same or higher level, 57.9% reported performing at their pre-injury level.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Quadriceps tendon autografts yielded high RTS rates in highly active male athletes after primary reconstruction and rates in the revision setting comparable to previous literature. A high proportion of the patients felt they could perform as well as prior to their injury.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Level of Evidence</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Level III, retrospective cohort study.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36909,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Orthopaedics","volume":"13 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://esskajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jeo2.70718","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147686003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coronal knee alignment is directly related to knee medial-to-lateral bone density ratio","authors":"Craig E. Klinger,&nbsp;Robert E. Bilodeau,&nbsp;Maximilian M. Mueller,&nbsp;Peter K. Sculco,&nbsp;Scott A. Rodeo,&nbsp;Elizabeth B. Gausden,&nbsp;Hollis G. Potter,&nbsp;Emily M. Stein,&nbsp;Kathryn A. Barth,&nbsp;William M. Ricci,&nbsp;Derek G. Hansen","doi":"10.1002/jeo2.70719","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jeo2.70719","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Purpose</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To assess associations between coronal knee alignment and regional epiphyseal bone mineral density (BMD) using computed tomography (CT)-derived Hounsfield units (HU) and compare medial-to-lateral ratios (MLRs) across alignment groups, and as a secondary aim, to evaluate the association of sex and demographic factors with regional BMD patterns.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A retrospective search (2008–2025) identified patients with non-contrast knee CT and standing anteroposterior long-leg radiographs. Exclusions included prior femur or tibia fracture or surgery and metabolic bone disease other than osteopenia or osteoporosis. Mean trabecular HU were measured for medial and lateral femoral condyles (MFC, LFC), distal femur epiphysis (DFE), medial and lateral tibial plateaus (MTP, LTP) and proximal tibia epiphysis (PTE). Outcomes included DFE-MLR (MFC/LFC), PTE-MLR (MTP/LTP) and combined-MLR ([MFC + MTP]/[LFC + LTP]). Alignment was categorized by hip–knee–ankle angle (HKAA) as major varus, varus, neutral, valgus or major valgus.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The cohort included 312 patients (mean age 66.5 ± 9.3 years; 50.6% female); 99.4% underwent CT for robotic-assisted arthroplasty planning. LFC HU exceeded MFC HU in 88.5% of cases (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), and MTP HU exceeded LTP HU in 92.9% (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Increasing valgus correlated with decreasing MLR (DFE-MLR <i>r</i> = −0.459; PTE-MLR <i>r</i> = −0.322; combined-MLR <i>r</i> = −0.509; all <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Females demonstrated higher PTE-MLR and combined-MLR than males (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.049).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Coronal knee alignment was strongly associated with compartmental epiphyseal BMD MLR, with lower MLR in valgus alignment and greater alignment sensitivity in females. These findings provide quantitative imaging context relevant to arthroplasty planning.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Level of Evidence</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Level III, retrospective comparative study.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36909,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Orthopaedics","volume":"13 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://esskajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jeo2.70719","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147686004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Three-dimensional lower limb alignment in healthy Chinese adults: Gender-specific phenotypes and ethnic variations for personalised correction","authors":"Cheng Liang,&nbsp;Feifan Xiang,&nbsp;Yali Zhang,&nbsp;Lin Liu,&nbsp;Xiaogang Zhang,&nbsp;Lin Qiu,&nbsp;Zhong Li,&nbsp;Yue Chen,&nbsp;Ke Duan,&nbsp;Zhongmin Jin","doi":"10.1002/jeo2.70706","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jeo2.70706","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Purpose</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To develop a personalised three-dimensional (3D) lower-limb alignment classification system from a healthy Chinese adult population. Based on full-length computed tomography (CT) scans, key alignment parameters in the coronal, sagittal and transverse planes were analysed to establish gender-specific anatomical phenotypes. This system is designed to provide a normative reference for individualised planning in lower-limb alignment correction procedures such as total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and high tibial osteotomy (HTO).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Full-length lower-limb CT scans were obtained from 554 healthy participants (males: 252, females: 302; age: 22–77 years [mean: 47.7 ± 10.6]), and 3D models were reconstructed. Eleven alignment parameters were measured from the models across the sagittal, coronal and transverse planes. Plane-specific classifications were developed and integrated into a combined 3D phenotype (CSTA).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>All parameters except for joint line obliquity angle showed statistically significant gender-based differences. The classification system comprises nine sagittal plane types (S1–S9), nine coronal plane types (C1–C9) and three transverse plane types (T1–T3). The most frequent 3D phenotype in males was C1S6T1 (Apex distal/Varus—Moderate/Flexion—External rotation, 10.0%), while in females it was C2S5T2 (Apex distal/Neutral—Moderate/neutral—Neutral, 8.6%). Compared with Western populations, distinct anatomical characteristics were observed in Chinese individuals, including greater femoral anteversion, higher tibial torsion, and a more pronounced tendency towards sagittal-plane flexion.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study systematically establishes a 3D lower-limb alignment classification system for healthy Chinese adults, highlighting gender and ethnicity‑specific alignment characteristics. The proposed classification provides an anatomical basis for personalised surgical planning in procedures such as TKA and HTO, and contributes to advancing lower limb alignment correction towards precision and individualised care.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Level of Evidence</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>NA, basic science studies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36909,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Orthopaedics","volume":"13 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://esskajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jeo2.70706","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147685985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}