Journal of Membrane Science最新文献

{"title":"Nonlinear learning-enhanced MLP-driven design of PIMs gas separation membranes beyond Robeson upper bounds","authors":"Aidi Wang,&nbsp;Min Zhao,&nbsp;Yunxuan Weng,&nbsp;Caili Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2025.124172","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.memsci.2025.124172","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study pioneers the integration of multilayer perceptron (MLP) with interactive design for predicting gas separation performance in Polymers of Intrinsic Microporosity (PIMs), leveraging their rigid, contorted architectures to transcend Robeson upper bounds. A curated dataset of 389 PIMs/PIM-polyimides spanning six gases (He, H₂, O₂, N₂, CO₂, CH₄) enabled development of an MLP model achieving unprecedented accuracy (mean <em>R</em>² = 0.969, <em>RMSE</em> = 0.156 Barrer), outperforming K-Nearest Neighbors regression (KNN), Gradient Boosting Decision Trees (GBDT), Random Forest (RF) and Gaussian Process Regression (GPR) models by ∼50 % error reduction. SHAP interpretability analysis decoded three fundamental design principles governing PIMs performance: backbone contortion, ladder connectivity, and hydrophobicity optimization, guiding creation of an interactive web platform that accelerates PIMs design through real-time permeability prediction. The platform demonstrates &lt;2 % prediction variance across experimental benchmarks, reducing development cycles from years to weeks while maintaining solution processability. By combining MLP's nonlinear mapping of microporosity-permeability relationships with actionable design feedback. The open-access tool's forthcoming multi-model ensembles and quantum-ML integration establish a new paradigm for data-driven membrane innovation, bridging computational discovery with industrial-scale gas separation challenges.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":368,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Membrane Science","volume":"730 ","pages":"Article 124172"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143924230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preparation and properties of superprotonic conductor-based mixed matrix proton exchange membranes for energy conversion and storage","authors":"Shengmin Lv ,&nbsp;Bin Zhang ,&nbsp;Li Wang ,&nbsp;Yong Fan ,&nbsp;Jifu Zheng ,&nbsp;Shenghai Li ,&nbsp;Jianing Xu ,&nbsp;Suobo Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2025.124189","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.memsci.2025.124189","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The integration of crystalline metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) into polymer-based matrix to develop mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) is a rapidly growing research area, particularly in energy conversion and storage applications. Enhancing the loading capacity of MOFs in polymer matrices and improving interfacial compatibility are essential for preparing MMMs. This study involved the preparation of MMMs using a sulfonated microblock copolymer (SPP-3) with a high density of meta-ether oxygen bonds as the polymer matrix. The incorporation of the MOF-based superprotonic conductor UiO-66(SO₃H)₂ (USO) yielded the MMMs with up to 30 % loading and excellent dimensional stability, fabricated via conventional solvent evaporation. The ideal proton conductivity (PC) of the prepared MMMs achieved 165.0 mS cm⁻¹ at 80 °C, representing a 34.38 % increase relative to the initial membrane. The peak power density (PPD) of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) reached 387.7 mW cm⁻². Notably, the positive correlation between the persistence length of hydrophobic structural domains in microblock copolymers and the effective contact area of crystalline MOFs was initially noted. This study proposed a new strategy for the fabrication of MMMs with high MOFs loading and investigated efficient interface compatibility.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":368,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Membrane Science","volume":"730 ","pages":"Article 124189"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143928822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Side-chain sterically induced directional units construct stable and continuous ion transport channels for anion exchange membranes","authors":"Zhe Zhang ,&nbsp;Shengqiu Zhao ,&nbsp;Yucong Liao ,&nbsp;Yao Li ,&nbsp;Bingxuan Liu ,&nbsp;Zhengrui Xiao ,&nbsp;Zeqi You ,&nbsp;Tian Tian ,&nbsp;Lan Zhang ,&nbsp;Siew Hwa Chan ,&nbsp;Haolin Tang","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2025.124191","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.memsci.2025.124191","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Improving the hydroxide conductivity and dimensional stability of anion exchange membranes (AEMs), while retaining their high alkaline stability, is essential for AEM water electrolysis (AEMWE). Herein, a novel design strategy is proposed for perfluorinated ionomer by introducing sterically induced directional units (SIDUs) at the termini of pendant side chains to achieve superior performance in both conductivity and stability. The design is centered on introducing an appropriate amount of rigid bulk benzyl groups based on fluorinated ionomer segments to driven the directional aggregation of cationic groups, thus enabling the construction of continuous and stable ion transport channels. The resulting Perfluorinated-tribenzyls AEM (PFTQ), by forming continuous and stable ionic channels that significantly enhance OH⁻ and H₂O mobility, exhibit an over 46 % and 65 % increase in self-diffusion coefficient compared to Perfluorinated-propyl AEM (PFPQ), achieving an exceptional conductivity of 167 mS cm⁻¹ at 80 °C with a swelling ratio as low as 19 %. Moreover, the robust C–F bond backbone, coupled with the protective effects of SIDUs through electron-donating and steric hindrance on the cationic groups, allows the PFTQ with negligible degradation at 80 °C in 6 M KOH over 400 h. Based on this rational design, we achieved a high alkaline water electrolysis performance of 3.6 A cm⁻² at 2.0 V and demonstrated durability of over 500 h at 1 A cm⁻² at 80 °C. This study demonstrates that the AEM design strategy based on the introduction of SIDUs has significant potential in achieving excellent energy efficiency and extended stability for electrolyzers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":368,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Membrane Science","volume":"729 ","pages":"Article 124191"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143906078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On the multicomponent diffusion of gases in polymer membranes: the case of CO2–C3H8 in amorphous polyphenylene oxide and semicrystalline polyethylene terephthalate","authors":"V. Loianno","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2025.124169","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.memsci.2025.124169","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study is part of an ongoing effort to measure and understanding multicomponent gas diffusion in polymer membranes. The multicomponent diffusion of CO₂–C₃H₈ binary mixtures in amorphous polyphenylene oxide (PPO) and semicrystalline biaxially oriented polyethylene terephthalate (BOPET) is investigated here at 35 °C, sub atmospheric pressure and CO₂ composition in the gas phase (0.49, 0.57) mol mol⁻¹ approximately. To this aim we resort to a closed cell and two analytical techniques, barometry and FTIR Spectroscopy in the transmission mode. By measuring the pure gas solubilities in each polymer with the classical <em>volumetric</em> method, the infrared absorbance related to each penetrant in the polymer phase is calibrated. Then, during multicomponent sorption experiments, the concentration of each species is monitored directly in the polymer phase with FTIR Spectroscopy. Competitive sorption with propane depletes the concentration of carbon dioxide in both polymers with respect to unary sorption. The concentration of carbon dioxide reaches supra-equilibrium loading during co-diffusion with propane in both polymers because of mutual effects between the two diffusing components. The sorption thermodynamics of unary and binary gases is described with the Dual Mode sorption model. The model is then coupled with the Maxwell – Stefan diffusion theory to describe unary transport in both polymers and to predict multicomponent diffusion of CO₂–C₃H₈ in PPO. The concentration overshoot is interpreted as the sequential occurrence of osmotic – reverse – barrier diffusion. Details on this phenomenon and on the time evolution of the selectivity are given.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":368,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Membrane Science","volume":"731 ","pages":"Article 124169"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144088705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fluorinated β-CD-MOF strengthened 2-phenylethanol pervaporation separation of mixed matrix membranes","authors":"Yonghong Wang ,&nbsp;Yisheng Guang ,&nbsp;Xinru Zhang ,&nbsp;Jinping Li","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2025.124193","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.memsci.2025.124193","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Beta-cyclodextrin metal-organic framework (β-CD-MOF) is porous crystalline material formed by coordinating β-cyclodextrin with potassium ion, which can significantly enhance the pervaporation separation performance of mixed matrix membranes (MMMs). However, achieving MMMs with high 2-phenylethanol (2-PE) pervaporation separation performance poses challenges due to the lack of affinity sites. Herein, β-CD-MOF was modified with 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (KH560) to prepare KH560-functionized β-CD-MOF (K-βMOF). Subsequently, fluorinated β-CD-MOF (F–K-βMOF) was prepared via a ring-opening reaction between the epoxy groups of K-βMOF and amine groups of 1,4-bis(4-amino-2-trifluoromethylphenoxy) benzene. Then, MMMs were fabricated by incorporating F–K-βMOF into a PDMS matrix, which exhibited excellent 2-PE pervaporation separation performance, achieving a total flux of 1226 g m⁻² h⁻¹, a separation factor of 31.83, and a pervaporation separation index of 37807 g m⁻² h⁻¹. These values were 1.48, 2.67, and 4.23 times higher than those of the pure PDMS membrane, and 1.29, 1.74, and 2.23 times higher than those of MMMs containing β-CD-MOF, respectively. This is because –CF₃ groups and benzene ring in F–K-βMOF enhance the affinity for 2-PE through hydrogen bonding, hydrophilic-hydrophobic and π-π interactions. When the concentration of maltol in the 2-PE aqueous solution increased to 1200 ppm, the flux and separation factor of 2-PE decreased by 39 % and 37 %, respectively. The separation factor of 2-PE decreased from 31 to 20, which was still higher than that of maltol, indicating that MMMs exhibited efficient molecular recognition capability. Furthermore, MMMs exhibited exceptional durability during 168 h testing, highlighting a great potential for 2-PE separation in industrial application.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":368,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Membrane Science","volume":"730 ","pages":"Article 124193"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143935437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Porous membranes of polymer blends and their use as functional separators for electrochemical batteries","authors":"Víctor Gregorio ,&nbsp;Jin Hyun Chang ,&nbsp;Nuria García ,&nbsp;Pilar Tiemblo","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2025.124187","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.memsci.2025.124187","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This works explores the synthesis of a porous membrane concept combining two polymers: one with a structural role which constitutes the scaffold of the membrane, and the other with the capacity to form a polymer gel with ad-hoc liquids at the pores and surface of the membrane. After liquid infiltration, the structural polymer keeps the mechanical properties and dimensional stability of the membrane constant, i.e. no swelling, for long time periods, while the soluble polymer forms a gel at the pores and membrane surface. In this work, the goal of these membranes is that of a functional separator able to produce semisolid electrolytes by in-situ gel formation upon soaking with liquid electrolytes at electrochemical cells. This functional separator enables the formation of the semisolid electrolyte without modification of the electrochemical cells industrial processes, and avoiding the handling of UHMW gels at an industrial scale. Functional separators comprising polycarbonate (PC) as the structural scaffold and ultrahigh molecular weight (UHMW) polyethylene oxide (PEO) as the soluble polymer for in-situ gel formation are prepared by adapting the non-solvent induced phase separation (NIPS) process to the simultaneous coagulation of the two polymers. The polymer distribution, pore morphology depend on the experimental conditions, especially on the PC/PEO degree of mixing before coagulation. The polymer distribution permits the formation of PEO gel at the pores of the PC scaffold, thus combining the electrochemical properties of UHMW polymer gel electrolytes, with the chemical and mechanical resistance of PC. Moreover the presence of PEO enables the wetting of the PC scaffold (otherwise hydrophobic) with hydrophilic electrolytes such as aqueous ZnCl₂, the Zn eutectic acetamide Zn(TFSI)₂ (ACE-Zn) and the chloroaluminate acetamidine-AlCl₃, selected in this work to showcase the separators’ versatility, which do not do not swell, break, or degrade after months soaked in the electrolytes. Symmetric Zn||Zn cells were built using the electrolyte ACE-Zn soaked in PC/PEO membranes (40 μm) and in a 100 μm glass fiber separator. While the latter short-circuited before 150 cycles, functional separators endured 300 cycles with no short-circuiting, proving the formation of the UHMW PEO gel at the functional separators and concomitant increase in cycling stability, highlighting the success of this approach.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":368,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Membrane Science","volume":"730 ","pages":"Article 124187"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143948123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fractal analysis of porous structure and permeability of separation membranes","authors":"Riccardo Lovison ,&nbsp;Mohammad A. Afzal ,&nbsp;Christina M. Carbrello ,&nbsp;Andrew L. Zydney ,&nbsp;Yifu Ding","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2025.124168","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.memsci.2025.124168","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pore structures of membranes are routinely characterized by imaging techniques. However, it remains a challenge to quantify the images, and ultimately, to correlate the calculated geometric quantities with membrane performance. In this study, we present systematic fractal analysis of images of membrane pore structures. Both pore-area (<span><math><mrow><msub><mi>D</mi><mi>f</mi></msub></mrow></math></span>) and tortuosity fractal dimensions (<span><math><mrow><msub><mi>D</mi><mi>T</mi></msub></mrow></math></span>) were obtained from in-plane and in-thickness cross-sectional SEM images, respectively. Analysis of symmetric PVDF membranes reveal that the best method of extracting fractal dimension value is the box counting method (BCM) with box size range between minimum (<span><math><mrow><msub><mi>λ</mi><mi>min</mi></msub></mrow></math></span>) and maximum (<span><math><mrow><msub><mi>λ</mi><mi>max</mi></msub></mrow></math></span>) pore size. Importantly, the permeability of the membranes can be accurately calculated using geometric parameters (<span><math><mrow><msub><mi>λ</mi><mi>max</mi></msub></mrow></math></span>, porosity (<span><math><mrow><mi>ϕ</mi></mrow></math></span>), <span><math><mrow><msub><mi>D</mi><mi>f</mi></msub></mrow></math></span>, and <span><math><mrow><msub><mi>D</mi><mi>T</mi></msub></mrow></math></span>) that are all obtained from the images. We further applied the methodology to two asymmetric PES membranes by approximating the membranes as having separate layers each with different pore structures. The geometric parameters including fractal dimensions were determined for these layers, which allowed estimations of the permeability of these layers. Using resistance-in-series approach, the calculated overall membrane permeance matches well with the experimental results, with the first 2–3 <span><math><mi>μ</mi></math></span> m layer contributing over 66 % resistance for both membranes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":368,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Membrane Science","volume":"730 ","pages":"Article 124168"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143932200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The coaxial nanofiber microstructure facilitates continuous conduction and reinforce in proton exchange membranes with reduced Nafion content","authors":"Weiming Yu ,&nbsp;Ming Gao ,&nbsp;Xuemei Wu ,&nbsp;Ziyao Cui ,&nbsp;Tiantian Li ,&nbsp;Qining Wang ,&nbsp;Fujun Cui ,&nbsp;Gaohong He","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2025.124188","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.memsci.2025.124188","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Proton exchange membranes with high proton conductivity, reducing swelling and cost are the research focusses in their application for fuel cells. In this study, the unique coaxial nanofiber microstructure divides shell and core functional layers for the conductive Nafion and reinforcing poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) components, respectively to optimize conduction-reinforce properties of the membrane. The PVDF fiber-forming core drags Nafion to form the shell layer, addressing the spinnable limitations of Nafion perfluorosulfonic acid polymer. Up to 100 wt% of Nafion microphase in the shell layer enhances continuity of proton conducting channels, and up to 100 wt% PVDF microphase in the core layer reinforces the membrane. PVDF core layer endows coaxial nanofiber membrane with extremely low swelling ratio of 1.5 % at 80 °C. The coaxial nanofiber microstructure ensures 100 % Nafion continuity in the shell layer, reducing overall Nafion content to 77.5 wt % but increasing proton conductivity to 241.9 mS cm⁻¹ and fuel cell peak power density of 1119.3 mW/cm² at 80 °C, 19.6 % and 27 % improvements, respectively over Nafion 211. The coaxial functional zoning design-offers an optimized microstructure for high-performance proton exchange membranes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":368,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Membrane Science","volume":"730 ","pages":"Article 124188"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143935434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pore engineering of ZIF-L fillers to boost the carbon capture performance of Pebax-based mixed matrix membranes","authors":"J.M. Xie ,&nbsp;W. Xu ,&nbsp;Y.W. Chen ,&nbsp;J. Guan ,&nbsp;J.T. Liu ,&nbsp;B.J. Ye ,&nbsp;H.J. Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2025.124123","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.memsci.2025.124123","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The pore engineering of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) fillers holds significant potential to enhance the gas separation performance of mixed matrix membranes (MMMs). In this work, we applied the topological phase transformation strategy to the pore engineering of fillers for MMMs. By ultrasonic heating ZIF-L in methanol, the phase transformation was realized in 2 h (much faster than previous works, the product denoted as ZL-2), the morphology of ZIF-L is basically preserved, but its porous structure is thoroughly regulated. This enables us to investigate the pure effect of filler porosity on the microstructure and separation performance of MMMs. As revealed by positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy, pure Pebax membrane exhibits a unimodel porous structure, but ZL-2@Pebax membrane (ZL-2 fillers of 10 wt%) possesses a bimodal porous structure with a higher porosity. This leads to a remarkable improvement of CO₂/N₂ separation on both the permeability (45% increment for CO₂) and selectivity (11% increment) compared to pure Pebax membrane. These findings address the critical importance of pore engineering of MOF fillers for the gas separation performance of MMMs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":368,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Membrane Science","volume":"730 ","pages":"Article 124123"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143928189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A dense pyrophosphate proton-conducting membrane for hydrogen separation at intermediate temperatures","authors":"Lexian Dong ,&nbsp;Jiale Dong ,&nbsp;Sisi Wen ,&nbsp;Zihua Wang ,&nbsp;Jian Xue ,&nbsp;Haihui Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2025.124152","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.memsci.2025.124152","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The hydrogen permeation membranes that work at intermediate temperatures have received significant attention in recent years because they can efficiently couple hydrogen production and applications. Among them, the pyrophosphate-type membranes with high protonic conductivity at intermediate temperatures are ideal candidates. However, the low relative density of pyrophosphate materials is a huge challenge for practical applications, and few pyrophosphate-type membranes were reported for hydrogen separation. In this work, by adding ZnO sintering aid and doping the low-valence Mg²⁺ ions into the Sn-site of the SnP₂O₇, dense membranes are obtained for hydrogen permeation. The relative density and conductivity of the developed Sn_0.9Mg_0.1P₂O₇–ZnO (SM_0.1P–ZnO) membranes are up to 94.6 % and 0.08 mS cm⁻¹ (at 400 °C), respectively. The maximum hydrogen permeation flux of the SM_0.1P–ZnO membrane is 4.03 mol h⁻¹ m⁻² when humidified Ar is supplied on the sweeping side and 80 % H₂–20 % He is supplied on the feed side. In addition, the SM_0.1P–ZnO membrane exhibits good stability during 300 h of operation at 400 °C, which is promising for practical hydrogen separation at intermediate temperatures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":368,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Membrane Science","volume":"729 ","pages":"Article 124152"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143906015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}