Journal of Membrane Science最新文献

{"title":"Electro-driven pore expansion of pH-responsive membranes to enhance antifouling performance for efficient oil-water separation","authors":"Chuan Yue ,&nbsp;Shaopeng Gan ,&nbsp;Zechen Yan ,&nbsp;Baoting Su ,&nbsp;Kang Liu ,&nbsp;Fujun Xia ,&nbsp;Hui Li ,&nbsp;Lei Zhu ,&nbsp;Qingzhong Xue ,&nbsp;Jianqiang Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2025.124390","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.memsci.2025.124390","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Superhydrophilic oil-water separation membranes exhibit fixed interfacial properties, which limits their ability to withstand oil fouling. Enhancing the in-situ anti-fouling performance of membranes dynamically at the interface is challenging. Here, a structurally adjustable pH-responsive membrane for oil-water separation was prepared, combined with patterned silver gel to impart conductivity. Acting as a cathode, this membrane electrolyzes water to generate OH⁻ ions that directly regulate the interfacial pH. The generated OH⁻ ions trigger the responsive layers' contraction, which results in the expansion of the membrane's pore size. Such structural adjustments could shorten the oil-water-solid three-phase contact line of pinned oil droplets to reduce the adhension force, creating interfacial disturbances that enhance the anti-fouling capabilities of membrane. By this way, lubricants and crude oils adhered to the membrane could be de-wetted in 32 s without other assistance. Meanwhile, the expansion of the membrane's pore size increases the washing efficiency. The flux recovery rate after 300 min long-term cycling can reach up to 97.6 % without additional reagents. The fabricated anti-fouling membrane significantly improves separation efficiency and holds great potential for applications in oily wastewater treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":368,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Membrane Science","volume":"734 ","pages":"Article 124390"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144563061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Versatile high-temperature air purification with durable, breathable electrostatic filters for ultra-efficient particle capture","authors":"Nan Lu ,&nbsp;Mengtong Yi ,&nbsp;Zuheng Wu ,&nbsp;Yuchen Yang ,&nbsp;Yukui Gou ,&nbsp;Shaofan He ,&nbsp;Weilong Cai ,&nbsp;Yuekun Lai ,&nbsp;Jianying Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2025.124383","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.memsci.2025.124383","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Particulate emissions from high temperature pose a significant threat to air quality, necessitating advanced air filtration materials capable of withstanding extreme temperatures and complex environmental conditions. Here, we report a high-efficiency and high-temperature resistant polyimide/SiO₂ (PI/SiO₂) nanofiber membrane with excellent air permeability (146 mm/s) and electrostatic effects (−1500 V), fabricated via multi-needle electrospinning followed by thermal imidization. Interface regulation through SiO₂ incorporation enhances the membrane's permeability by expanding fiber spacing and increasing tortuosity, thereby prolonging particle-fiber collision time and improving passive filtration performance. The PI/SiO₂ fibers also generate self-sustained electrostatic charges through friction with air and inter-fiber contact, imparting active filtration capability. By controlling and increasing the SiO₂ content at a constant spinning amount, a balance between filtration efficiency and pressure drop was achieved through enhanced air permeability. Under continuous filtration at 260 °C for 240 min, the membrane exhibited exceptional PM0.3 filtration efficiency (99.1668 %) with a modest pressure drop (109 Pa). Furthermore, by integrating electrospun membranes with filter bags and conducting industrial dust simulations, it achieved an ultrahigh filtration efficiency of 99.9993 % with a pressure drop of only 133 Pa. The successful development of PI/SiO₂ nanofiber membranes provides a promising strategy for next-generation high-temperature-resistant air filters.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":368,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Membrane Science","volume":"734 ","pages":"Article 124383"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144563163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dual quaternary ammonium flexible octadecane crosslinked poly(2,2’-(1,4-naphthalene)-5,5′-bibenzimidazole) and its performance evaluation for using as an electrolyte in electrochemical cells","authors":"Songbo Nan ,&nbsp;Qinchen Zhang ,&nbsp;Yang Zhang,&nbsp;Shuyan He,&nbsp;Siyu Liu,&nbsp;Yunhao Wang,&nbsp;Ronghuan He","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2025.124387","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.memsci.2025.124387","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The polymer-based ionic conducting membranes have been widely used as the electrolyte in electrochemical devices such as fuel cells and water electrolysis cells. The plasticizing effect from acids will cause the deteriorated stability and inferior performance of the acid doped membranes. To solve the problem, flexible <em>1,18</em>-dibromo-<em>6,12</em>-(<em>N</em>, <em>N</em>-dimethylammonium) octadecane bromide (BQB), prepared from <em>1,6</em>-dibromohexane and <em>N, N, N′, N′</em>-tetramethyl-<em>1,6</em>-hexanediamine, is used to crosslink naph-thalene containing polybenzimidazole (NPBI). The crosslinking structure brings on the membrane with a big free volume for acid/base doping without deteriorating its mechanical strength. The pristine dry NPBI/BQB-15 % membrane with a crosslinking degree of 15 % shows a tensile stress at break of 196 MPa at room temperature. After doping with phosphoric acid (doping level of 266 <em>wt</em>%), a proton conductivity of 152 mS cm⁻¹ is reached by the membrane at 160 °C under anhydrous conditions. Moreover, the dual quaternary ammonium cations in the crosslinker along with the crosslinking network endow the acid doped membrane to possess high acid anchoring ability and exhibit reasonable mechanical strength. This membrane-based single H₂–O₂ fuel cell achieves a peak power density of 770 mW cm⁻² at 180 °C. In addition, the acid-alkaline water electrolytic cell equipped with the NPBI/BQB-15 % membrane reaches a current density of 865 mA cm⁻² at 80 °C under a cell voltage of 2.0 V. The durability of the fuel cell using acid-doped NPBI/BQB-15 % membrane as the electrolyte by repeatedly cyclic start/stop operation from room temperature to 160 °C, as well as that of the amphoteric water electrolytic cell using this membrane as a diaphragm at room temperature are evaluated.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":368,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Membrane Science","volume":"734 ","pages":"Article 124387"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144570370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Critical wetting moment and effective cleaning of gypsum scaling in membrane distillation","authors":"Lu Zhou ,&nbsp;Jie Liu ,&nbsp;Jian Liu ,&nbsp;Ting Zou ,&nbsp;Wenjie Hao ,&nbsp;Minyuan Han ,&nbsp;Weiyi Li ,&nbsp;Le Han","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2025.124382","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.memsci.2025.124382","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Wetting caused by mineral scaling significantly hinders the application of membrane distillation (MD), a promising technology for water recovery from saline streams. However, the wetting dynamics and the adequate control solution remain poorly addressed. Herein, we conducted a non-invasive, real-time electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) analysis for gypsum scaling in MD to seize the critical wetting moment, hypothesizing a timely cleaning performed then could effectively prevent membrane wetting. Our results showed that single-frequency impedance experienced a wave-peak trend during gypsum scaling near the membrane interface. The full-frequency EIS analysis with an equivalent circuit demonstrated that the transition of fouling from the exterior to the interior was marked by the impedance peak, in line with the modeled characteristic data. This result agrees with the crystal penetration depth revealed in scanning electron microscopy data and is confirmed by in-situ characterization of gypsum nucleation via optical coherence tomography. Under critical wetting moment, an in-situ water rinse extended membrane lifespan in a five-cyclic scaling-cleaning experiment, with flux recovery rate over 95 % and negligible increases in permeate conductivity, while cleaning missing that moment resulted in a failed membrane recovery. The proposed intelligent and effective anti-fouling/wetting strategy could insight into various membrane processes dealing with complex streams.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":368,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Membrane Science","volume":"734 ","pages":"Article 124382"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144563164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dispersion engineering of ethylenediamine tetramethylene phosphonic acid in composite Membranes: Toward enhanced proton conductivity and phosphoric acid retention for high-temperature proton exchange membranes","authors":"Wen Li,&nbsp;Jiajie Fang,&nbsp;Zhi Mao,&nbsp;Shanfu Lu,&nbsp;Yan Xiang","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2025.124388","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.memsci.2025.124388","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Phosphoric acid (PA) and ethylenediamine tetramethylene phosphonic acid (EDTMPA) have emerged as a promising dual-proton-conducting system for high-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells (HT-PEMFCs). However, the correlation between the morphological distribution of solid-state EDTMPA within composite membranes and the resultant proton conductivity/PA retention properties remains unexplored in EDTMPA-PA dual-conductor PEMs. This study addresses this gap by strategically modulating the polymer matrix composition to optimize EDTMPA dispersion. By incorporating polymers with enhanced compatibility for EDTMPA into the membrane matrix, a uniform nanoscale distribution of EDTMPA particles is achieved. The experimental results showed that the decrease in the distribution size of EDTMPA in the composite membrane resulted in an increase in proton conductivity and enhanced PA retention ability under the same PA content. This particle-size-dependent enhancement is attributed to the increase in interfacial contact area between EDTMPA and PA, which enhances their intermolecular interactions with PA. These findings establish a microstructure-property relationship that advances the rational design of dual-proton-conductor PEMs, offering a scalable strategy to reconcile high performance with operational stability in next-generation HT-PEMFCs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":368,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Membrane Science","volume":"734 ","pages":"Article 124388"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144563162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hydrogel-regulated synthesis of thin film composite membranes for antibiotic/salt separation: piperazine diffusion and distribution constraint","authors":"Zi Wang,&nbsp;Zhennan Fan,&nbsp;Hongzhi Liu,&nbsp;Ying Wang,&nbsp;Nan Yue,&nbsp;Heng Liang,&nbsp;Langming Bai","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2025.124380","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.memsci.2025.124380","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nanofiltration (NF) membranes present environmentally sustainable potential in the separation and purification of antibiotic. However, targeted enhancement of antibiotic separation efficiency while maintaining high permeability remains a significant challenge for conventional NF membranes. Precise regulation of the interfacial polymerization (IP) process at the monomer molecular level shows promises for achieving tailored control over thin-film composite (TFC) membrane properties and performance. Here, a novel TFC membrane synthesis strategy was developed with hydrogel assisted. The aqueous-phase-free IP was conducted at the interface between the hydrogel doped with piperazine (PIP) monomers and the organic solution, achieving precise regulation of PIP diffusion. Molecular dynamics simulations were employed to analyze the monomer diffusion behaviour and the effects on the membrane properties during regulated IP. The diffusion rate and distribution range of the amine monomers were effectively constrained, thereby reducing the thickness of the polyamide layer, which was beneficial for mass transfer. PIP monomers were enriched at the interface during the regulated IP process, which enhanced the consumption of the organic phase monomer while limiting hydrolysis of unreacted acyl chloride groups and reducing membrane electronegativity, specifically improving the permeation of monovalent salt ions. Furthermore, the hydrogel layer promoted the “gutter effect” and contributed to an increase in the TFC membrane permeability. The TFC membrane constructed via AFIP demonstrated excellent performance characteristics, including a permeability of 18.5 LMH/bar and a high erythromycin/NaCl selectivity of 44.3. This research provides new insights into customizing the performance of TFC membranes and their applications in antibiotic purification.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":368,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Membrane Science","volume":"733 ","pages":"Article 124380"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144523475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Single and dual-solute transport in quaternary ammonium-functionalized anion exchange membranes: Isolating the impact of water volume fraction","authors":"Yi-hung Lin,&nbsp;Bryan S. Beckingham","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2025.124385","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.memsci.2025.124385","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Membranes are essential components of photoelectrochemical CO2 reduction cells (PEC-CRC), as they regulate solute transport and impact device efficiency. These cells are a promising approach for converting carbon dioxide into valuable chemicals. However, electrochemical reactions involve not just a single electrolyte; membrane transport typically includes multiple electrolytes. When a mixture of solutes is present, the presence of one solute in the membrane can impact the diffusion and sorption of other solutes. In complex systems where multiple solutes are diffusing simultaneously through a hydrated, dense polymer membrane, the resulting transport behavior is poorly understood. This study highlights the individual and two solute transport behavior of potassium formate, acetate, and bicarbonate ions in neutral membranes and quaternary ammonium-functionalized anion exchange membranes (AEMs) based on phenyl acrylate polymer backbones. By isolating the effect of water content, we emphasize how fixed charge density and solute-membrane interactions influence transport behavior. In neutral membranes, the diffusivity follows the order of potassium formate &gt; potassium acetate &gt; potassium bicarbonate. However, in AEMs, the order shifts due to changes in ion-membrane interactions, with potassium bicarbonate diffusivity surpassing that of potassium acetate. These results underscore the importance of ion exchange membranes and ion-membrane interaction in modulating transport properties, providing valuable insights for optimizing membranes in electrochemical applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":368,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Membrane Science","volume":"734 ","pages":"Article 124385"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144579935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving anti-fouling and anti-wetting performance in DCMD: Role of pretreatment and membrane type for landfill leachate concentration","authors":"Songchen Xie ,&nbsp;Xinmiao Zhang ,&nbsp;Chenlin Zhang ,&nbsp;Yuelian Peng ,&nbsp;Zhixia Li ,&nbsp;Dunshang Jin ,&nbsp;Jaka Sunarso ,&nbsp;Femiana Gapsari","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2025.124386","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.memsci.2025.124386","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Landfill leachate (LFL) is highly challenging to treat due to its elevated concentrations of organic and inorganic pollutants, which easily lead to membrane fouling and wetting. This study systematically evaluates the treatment performance of direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) for nanofiltration (NF) brine of LFL, with a focus on the roles of coagulation-heating/filtration pretreatment and membrane type. Four membranes—pristine PTFE and PVDF, as well as composite membranes PVA-PAA/PTFE (hydrophilic modification) and Teflon/PVDF (hydrophobic modification)—were studied in terms of anti-fouling and anti-wetting behavior. The results indicated that the pretreatment process led to a reduction in the concentration of humic acid-like substances, as evidenced by a significant decrease in fluorescence intensity at Ex/Em = 350/440 nm in the 3D-EEM spectra. This reduction in substances contributed to mitigating membrane fouling, as demonstrated by a lower flux decline (14.5 %) and stable permeate electrical conductivity (&lt;3 μS cm⁻¹) during DCMD using the PVA-PAA/PTFE membrane. Compared with pristine membranes, the composite membranes exhibited superior performance, i.e., the PVA-PAA/PTFE membrane achieved COD and ammonia nitrogen removal rates of 97 % and 99.9 %, respectively, while the Teflon/PVDF membrane showed only a 5.4 % flux decline and maintained permeate electrical conductivity below 3 μS cm⁻¹. These findings highlight the synergistic effect of targeted pretreatment and membrane modification in enhancing the efficiency, stability, and fouling resistance of membrane distillation for landfill leachate treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":368,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Membrane Science","volume":"734 ","pages":"Article 124386"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144580549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphological transition from porous to nonporous ion-conducting nanochannels in triblock polymer-based anion exchange membranes via polymerization-induced microphase separation","authors":"Jinyeong Oh ,&nbsp;Taeseok Oh ,&nbsp;Chang Jin Lee ,&nbsp;Soonyong So ,&nbsp;Myungeun Seo","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2025.124384","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.memsci.2025.124384","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Permselective anion exchange membranes (AEMs) are of great interest in electrochemical devices, allowing the selective transport of species of interest through the membrane while preventing the crossover of undesired substrates. However, porous and nonporous membranes have traditionally been developed and applied separately for these applications. In this study, we utilized the merits of polymerization-induced microphase separation to observe the transition from porous to nonporous membranes by controlling the etchable block length and the hydrophilic domain size, respectively. At a certain point, a transition from porous to nonporous permeation behavior was observed, where permeation no longer depended on the open pore size. For the fabrication of AEMs with well-defined and 3D continuous nanochannels, we integrated an etchable sacrificial block with a pre-functional block containing precursors for quaternary ammonium groups to create a pore decorated with positively charged dangling chains. Etching and amination yielded the target AEM with a controlled pore size and ammonium ion density. Increasing the length of the dangling chains resulted in nonporous AEMs, which allowed exclusive permeation of a negatively charged dye over a positive one. This provides strong evidence that the solution-diffusion model applies to nonporous membranes. Tunable permselectivity over a wide range, combined with stability in organic solvents and alkaline conditions, suggests that this methodology holds significant potential for the development of membranes for advanced electrochemical systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":368,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Membrane Science","volume":"734 ","pages":"Article 124384"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144563165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dual-charged dense COF membranes for efficient removal of low-molecular-weight pharmaceuticals","authors":"Shi-Yuan Zhang ,&nbsp;Fan-Xin Kong ,&nbsp;Yi Wang ,&nbsp;Jin-Fu Chen ,&nbsp;Ai-Guo Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2025.124369","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.memsci.2025.124369","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Traditional nanofiltration (NF) membranes exhibit low rejection ratios for low-molecular-weight (LMW) or positively charged pharmaceuticals owing to broad pore size distributions and negatively charged surface. Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are highly promising for membrane fabrication due to their tunable pore functionality and adjustable pore sizes. Herein, dual-charged COF membranes were fabricated via sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)-mediated interfacial polymerization (IP), followed by polyethyleneimine (PEI) crosslinking to improve the removal of LMW or positively charged pharmaceuticals. In the SDS-mediated IP process, the reduction of pore size from 0.387 ± 0.60 nm (COF_0-10 membrane fabricated without SDS) to 0.269 ± 0.54 nm (COF_0.25-10 membrane) led to a substantial improvement in Na₂SO₄ rejection ratio from 43.9 % to 81.4 %. Furthermore, PEI crosslinking with residual free -CHO groups on the COF_0.25-10 membrane surface enhanced size sieving and electrostatic interactions while preserving membrane crystallinity. The optimized COF_0.25-10-PEI_0.2-2.5 membrane with the pore size of 0.209 nm demonstrated exceptional rejection ratios (&gt;87 %) for five representative pharmaceuticals with different properties. Among them, the optimized COF_0.25-10-PEI_0.2-2.5 membrane showed superior rejection ratio of 92.6 % for the positively charged and LMW (129.16 Da) metformin. Compared to the pristine COF_0.25-10 membrane without PEI crosslinking, the resulting COF-PEI membranes demonstrated 3.8-6.5 folds improvement in pharmaceutical rejection, particularly for challenging LMW and positively charged pharmaceuticals, owing to the synergistic effects of size exclusion and electrostatic interactions. Furthermore, mechanistic study revealed that SDS in aqueous phase promoted faster and more uniform diffusion of TG_Cl monomers, enhancing the crystallinity of the TpTG_Cl-COF membranes and improving the pore uniformity, while PEI crosslinking further narrowed the pore size and obtained dual- charged COF layer. This study provides a new paradigm for designing charge-tunable and crystalline COF membranes for precision separation of LMW pharmaceuticals.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":368,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Membrane Science","volume":"734 ","pages":"Article 124369"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144587992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}