International Journal of Cardiology: Hypertension最新文献

{"title":"In-hospital morality associated with acute myocardial infarction was inversely related with the number of coronary risk factors in patients from a Japanese nation-wide real-world database","authors":"Hiroyoshi Mori ,&nbsp;Hiroshi Suzuki ,&nbsp;Kensaku Nishihira ,&nbsp;Satoshi Honda ,&nbsp;Sunao Kojima ,&nbsp;Misa Takegami ,&nbsp;Jun Takahashi ,&nbsp;Tomonori Itoh ,&nbsp;Tetsu Watanabe ,&nbsp;Takashi Takenaka ,&nbsp;Masaaki Ito ,&nbsp;Morimasa Takayama ,&nbsp;Kazuomi Kario ,&nbsp;Tetsuya Sumiyoshi ,&nbsp;Kazuo Kimura ,&nbsp;Satoshi Yasuda ,&nbsp;the JAMIR investigators","doi":"10.1016/j.ijchy.2020.100039","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijchy.2020.100039","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia and smoking are established coronary risk factors for coronary heart disease in the general population. However, in Japanese patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), the impact of the number of coronary risk factors on in-hospital morality remains unclear.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The Japan Acute Myocardial Infarction Registry (JAMIR) is a nationwide real-world database. We examined the association between the number of coronary risk factors and in-hospital mortality.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Data were obtained from total of 20462 AMI patients (mean age, 68.8 ± 13.3 years old; 15281 men, 5181 women). The prevalence of hypertension increased with advancing age, while the prevalence of smoking decreased with advancing age. The prevalence of diabetes and dyslipidemia were highest in middle age. A majority (76.9%) of the patients with AMI had at least 1 of these coronary risk factors. Overall, the number of coronary risk factor was relatively less in older subjects and women under 50 years old. Crude in-hospital mortality rates were 10.7%, 10.5%, 7.2%, 5.0% and 4.5% with 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4 risk factors, respectively. After adjusting for age and sex, there was an inverse association between the number of coronary risk factors and the in-hospital mortality (adjusted odds ratio [1.68; 95% confidence interval, 1.20–2.35] among individuals with 0 vs. 4 risk factors).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>In the present study of Japanese patients with AMI, who received modern medical treatment, in-hospital mortality was inversely related to the number of coronary risk factors. To investigate the underlying reasons for these findings, further studies are needed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36839,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cardiology: Hypertension","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100039"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.ijchy.2020.100039","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38821556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Carotid intima-media thickness and metabolic syndrome in a rural population: Results from the Baependi Heart Study","authors":"Glaucylara Reis Geovanini ,&nbsp;Iguaracy Pinheiro de Sousa ,&nbsp;Samantha Kuwada Teixeira ,&nbsp;Miguel José Francisco Neto ,&nbsp;Luz Marina Gómez Gómez ,&nbsp;Guilherme Ciconelli Del Guerra ,&nbsp;Alexandre Costa Pereira ,&nbsp;Jose Eduardo Krieger","doi":"10.1016/j.ijchy.2020.100043","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijchy.2020.100043","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aims</h3><p>Carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) is a strong predictor of cardiovascular events and associated with metabolic syndrome (MetS). MetS is a cluster of cardiovascular risk factors, but the association structure between specific factors and disease development is not well-established in rural populations. We described the association structure between MetS factors and cIMT in a sample from rural Brazil.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We studied 1937 participants from the Baependi Heart Study who underwent carotid ultrasound exam. We used ATP–III–2001 for MetS definition and linear mixed-effects models, adjusting by the family structure, to assess independent associations between the cardiovascular risk factors which define MetS and cIMT.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The sample's mean age was 46 ± 16y, 61% female, 73% white, mean body-mass-index 26±5 kg/m², mean cIMT 0.53 ± 0.16 mm, with 35% of the sample classified with MetS. As expected, cIMT demonstrated a linear relationship with increasing age, and cIMT higher values were observed for MetS (0.58 ± 0.16 mm) compared to non-MetS (0.49 ± 0.14 mm). Considering models for cIMT with MetS and all of its factors, we found that blood pressure, glucose and obesity were independently associated with cIMT, but not HDL or triglycerides.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>cIMT showed a linear relationship with increasing age. Blood pressure, obesity, and glucose were independently associated with cIMT, but not HDL-cholesterol or triglycerides. In a rural population, hypertension, diabetes and obesity play a more important role than lipids in determining cIMT interindividual variability.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36839,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cardiology: Hypertension","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100043"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.ijchy.2020.100043","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38821490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cardiovascular medications and regulation of COVID-19 receptors expression","authors":"Narjes Saheb Sharif-Askari ,&nbsp;Fatemeh Saheb Sharif-Askari ,&nbsp;Saba Al Heialy ,&nbsp;Rifat Hamoudi ,&nbsp;Tarek Kashour ,&nbsp;Qutayba Hamid ,&nbsp;Rabih Halwani","doi":"10.1016/j.ijchy.2020.100034","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijchy.2020.100034","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Emerging epidemiological studies suggested that Renin–Angiotensin–Aldosterone system (RAAS) inhibitors may increase infectivity and severity of COVID-19 by modulating the expression of ACE2.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>In silico analysis was conducted to compare the blood expression levels of SARS-CoV-2 entry genes between age and gender matched cohort of hypertensive patients versus control, and to determine the effect of common cardiovascular medications on the expression of COVID-19 receptors in vitro using primary human hepatocytes.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The transcriptomic analysis revealed a significant increase of ACE2 and TMPRSS2 in the blood of patients with hypertension. Treatment of primary human hepatocytes with captopril, but not enalapril, significantly increased ACE2 expression. A similar pattern of ACE2 expression was found following the in vitro treatments of rat primary cells with captopril and enalapril. Telmisartan, a second class RAAS inhibitors, did not affect ACE2 levels. We have also tested other cardiovascular medications that may be used alone, or in combination with RAAS inhibitors. Some of these medications increased TMPRSS2, while others, like furosemide, significantly reduced COVID-19 receptors.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The increase in ACE2 expression levels could be due to chronic use of RAAS inhibitors or alternatively caused by other hypertension-related factors or presence of other comorbidities. Treatment of common co-morbidities often require chronic use of multiple medications, which may result in an additive increase in the expression of ACE2 and TMPRSS2. Our data suggest that more research is needed to determine the effect of different medications, as well as medication combinations, on COVID-19 receptors.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36839,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cardiology: Hypertension","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100034"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.ijchy.2020.100034","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38821554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low serum vitamin C correlates with an increased risk of peripheral arterial disease in current smokers: Results from NHANES 2003–2004","authors":"Guangzhi Cong ,&nbsp;Ru Yan ,&nbsp;Ulka Sachdev","doi":"10.1016/j.ijchy.2020.100037","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijchy.2020.100037","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Cigarette smoking is one of the most critical risk factors for peripheral arterial disease (PAD) and inversely correlated Vitamin C. Here we determine whether serum vitamin C correlates with the risk of PAD, especially among current smokers.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A cross-sectional analysis of 2383 individuals ≥40 y was performed from the U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES 2003–2004), including measurement of ankle-brachial index (ABI), smoking status and serum vitamin C. We examined the interactions between plasma vitamin C and exposure to smoking on the risk of PAD.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>912 (38.2%) were current smokers while 207 participants were diagnosed with PAD based on ABI(ABI≤0.9). Current smokers in the lowest vitamin C quartile had the highest prevalence of PAD (14.1%) compared to other quartiles. However, this trend was not significant in nonsmokers. Current smokers in the lowest quartile had a 2.32-fold risk (95% CI, 1.03–5.32; P = 0.04) for PAD after weighted adjustment for potential confounders, including vitamin D and C-reactive protein. In contrast, non-smokers did not have a differing risk of PAD as a function of vitamin C (P for interaction = 0.019).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>As an anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory, low serum vitamin C appears to associates with the risk of PAD in smokers. A relationship between PAD and vitamin C in non-current smokers is not apparent. Modulating vitamin C in current smokers may help mitigate the risk of PAD and should be a target of mechanistic study.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36839,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cardiology: Hypertension","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100037"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.ijchy.2020.100037","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38769849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends in ambulatory blood pressure monitoring use for confirmation or monitoring of hypertension and resistant hypertension among the commercially insured in the U.S., 2008–2017","authors":"Raj Desai ,&nbsp;Haesuk Park ,&nbsp;Eric A. Dietrich ,&nbsp;Steven M. Smith","doi":"10.1016/j.ijchy.2020.100033","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijchy.2020.100033","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) has been increasingly recommended for diagnosis confirmation and monitoring in patients with new-onset hypertension and apparent treatment-resistant hypertension (aTRH). We assessed insurance claims submitted for ABPM among a nationally representative sample of commercially insured U.S. patients.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional analysis using the IBM MarketScan® commercial claims database from January 2008–December 2017, including 2 populations: those with incident treated hypertension (ITH; first antihypertensive filled) or aTRH (first overlapping use of 4 antihypertensive agents). We identified ABPM claims filed within 6 months before to 6 months after the qualifying antihypertensive fill and determined prevalence of ABPM use overall and by year in each population.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>In total, 2,820,303 patients met ITH criteria and 298,049 met aTRH criteria. Of those with ITH, 7650 (2.7 per 1000 persons) had ≥1 ABPM claim submitted, and annual ABPM prevalence ranged from 2.0 to 3.7 per 1000 persons, increasing over time (<em>P</em>_trend&lt;0.0001). Among those with aTRH, 630 (2.1 per 1000 persons) had ≥1 ABPM claim submitted, and annual ABPM prevalence ranged from 1.6 to 2.7 per 1000 persons, decreasing over time (<em>P</em>_trend = 0.054). Timing of ABPM claims suggested they were used primarily for diagnosis confirmation in ITH, and more evenly distributed between diagnosis confirmation and monitoring in aTRH.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Despite guideline recommendations for more widescale use, ABPM appears to be used rarely in the U.S., with fewer than 0.5% of commercially insured patients with newly treated hypertension or aTRH having ABPM claims submitted to their insurance.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36839,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cardiology: Hypertension","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100033"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.ijchy.2020.100033","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38821552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Blood pressure control in older adults with hypertension: A systematic review with meta-analysis and meta-regression","authors":"Biggie Baffour-Awuah ,&nbsp;Gudrun Dieberg ,&nbsp;Melissa J. Pearson ,&nbsp;Neil A. Smart","doi":"10.1016/j.ijchy.2020.100040","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijchy.2020.100040","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Managing blood pressure reduces CVD risk, but optimal treatment thresholds remain unclear as it is a balancing act to avoid hypotension-related adverse events.</p></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>This systematic review, meta-analysis and meta-regression evaluated the benefits of intensive BP treatment in hypertensive older adults.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We systematically searched PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library of Controlled Trials until January 31, 2020. Studies comparing different BP treatments/targets and/or active BP against placebo treatment, with a minimum 12 months follow-up, were included. Risk ratios (RR) and 95% CIs were calculated using a random effects model. The primary outcome was RR of major cardiovascular events (MCEs); secondary outcomes included myocardial infarction (MI), stroke, heart failure (HF), cardiovascular (CV) mortality, and all-cause mortality.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>We included 16 studies totaling 65,890 hypertensive participants (average age 69.4 years) with a follow-up period from 1.8 to 4.9 years. Intensive BP treatment significantly reduced the relative risk of MCEs by 26% (RR:0.74, 95%CI 0.64–0.86, <em>p</em> = 0.000; <em>I</em>² = 79.71%). RR of MI significantly reduced by 13% (RR:0.87, 95%CI 0.76–1.00, <em>p</em> = 0.052; <em>I</em>² = 0.00%), stroke by 28% (RR:0.72, 95%CI 0.64–0.82, <em>p</em> = 0.000; <em>I</em>^<em>2</em> = 32.45%), HF by 47% (RR:0.53, 95% CI 0.43–0.66, <em>p</em> = 0.000; <em>I</em>² = 1.23%), and CV mortality by 24% (RR:0.76, 95%CI 0.66–0.89, <em>p</em> = 0.000; <em>I</em>² = 39.74%). All-cause mortality reduced by 17% (RR:0.83, 95%CI 0.73–0.93, <em>p</em> = 0.001; <em>I</em>² = 53.09%). Of the participants - 61% reached BP targets and 5% withdrew; with 1 hypotension-related event per 780 people treated.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Lower BP treatment targets are optimal for CV protection, effective, well-tolerated and safe, and support the latest hypertension guidelines.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36839,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cardiology: Hypertension","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100040"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.ijchy.2020.100040","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38821557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High milk consumption is associated with carotid atherosclerosis in middle and old-aged Chinese","authors":"Miao He ,&nbsp;Zaogeng Guo ,&nbsp;Zuxun Lu ,&nbsp;Sheng Wei ,&nbsp;Zhihong Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijchy.2020.100031","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijchy.2020.100031","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Carotid atherosclerosis (CA) can reflect atherosclerotic status of systemic vessels, and is associated with ischemic stroke and cognitive impairment. Milk consumption is growing in China, and data are limited on the association between milk and CA risk.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Participants aged ≥40 years in China National Stroke Prevention Project were recruited for carotid ultrasound examination, and those with carotid endarterectomy, carotid stenting stroke or coronary heart disease were excluded. Participants were defined as having CA when intima–media thickness (IMT) ≥1 mm or plaques were detected by ultrasonography. For milk consumption, though contents were not analyzed, people were divided into high consumption (≥200 ml/day and ≥5 day/week) and low consumption (occasional or never) groups. Multivariate logistics regression analyses were done in both full and propensity score-matched population to identify the association between milk consumption and CA.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>84880 participants were included in the final analysis. After being adjusted by age, gender, living location, smoking habits, drinking habits, physical activity, obesity, hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia, high milk consumption is associated with CA in both full population (odds ratio [OR] = 1.26, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.19–1.33) and propensity score-matched population (OR = 1.25, 95%CI 1.17–1.34). High milk consumption is also a risk factor for IMT thickening (OR = 1.15, 95%CI 1.08–1.23), carotid plaque formation (OR = 1.17, 95%CI 1.09–1.25) and carotid stenosis over 50% (OR = 1.52, 95%CI 1.10–2.14) in the propensity score-matched population.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>High milk consumption is related to CA in middle and old-aged Chinese population. More cautious advice on milk intake should be given in this population for prevention of atherosclerosis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36839,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cardiology: Hypertension","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100031"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.ijchy.2020.100031","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38821099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The 2020 Italian Society of Arterial Hypertension (SIIA) practical guidelines for the management of primary aldosteronism","authors":"Gian Paolo Rossi ,&nbsp;Valeria Bisogni ,&nbsp;Alessandra Violet Bacca ,&nbsp;Anna Belfiore ,&nbsp;Maurizio Cesari ,&nbsp;Antonio Concistrè ,&nbsp;Rita Del Pinto ,&nbsp;Bruno Fabris ,&nbsp;Francesco Fallo ,&nbsp;Cristiano Fava ,&nbsp;Claudio Ferri ,&nbsp;Gilberta Giacchetti ,&nbsp;Guido Grassi ,&nbsp;Claudio Letizia ,&nbsp;Mauro Maccario ,&nbsp;Francesca Mallamaci ,&nbsp;Giuseppe Maiolino ,&nbsp;Dario Manfellotto ,&nbsp;Pietro Minuz ,&nbsp;Silvia Monticone ,&nbsp;Teresa Maria Seccia","doi":"10.1016/j.ijchy.2020.100029","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijchy.2020.100029","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aim</h3><p>Considering the amount of novel knowledge generated in the last five years, a team of experienced hypertensionlogists was assembled to furnish updated clinical practice guidelines for the management of primary aldosteronism.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>To identify the most relevant studies, the authors utilized a systematic literature review in international databases by applying the PICO strategy, and then they were required to make use of only those meeting predefined quality criteria. For studies of diagnostic tests, only those that fulfilled the Standards for Reporting of Diagnostic Accuracy recommendations were considered.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Each section was jointly prepared by at least two co-authors, who provided Class of Recommendation and Level of Evidence following the American Heart Association methodology. The guidelines were sponsored by the Italian Society of Arterial Hypertension and underwent two rounds of revision, eventually reexamined by an External Committee. They were presented and thoroughly discussed in two face-to-face meetings with all co-authors and then presented on occasion of the 36th Italian Society of Arterial Hypertension meeting in order to gather further feedbacks by all members. The text amended according to these feedbacks was subjected to a further peer review.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>After this process, substantial updated information was generated, which could simplify the diagnosis of primary aldosteronism and assist practicing physicians in optimizing treatment and follow-up of patients with one of the most common curable causes of arterial hypertension.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36839,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cardiology: Hypertension","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100029"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.ijchy.2020.100029","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38821553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of height on blood pressure and hypertension among Bangladeshi adults","authors":"Md. Tauhidul Islam ,&nbsp;Md. Shahjahan Siraj ,&nbsp;Md. Zakiul Hassan ,&nbsp;Mohammad Nayem ,&nbsp;Dipankar Chandra Nag ,&nbsp;Md. Aminul Islam ,&nbsp;Rafiqul Islam ,&nbsp;Tapas Mazumder ,&nbsp;Sohel Reza Choudhury ,&nbsp;Ali Tanweer Siddiquee","doi":"10.1016/j.ijchy.2020.100028","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijchy.2020.100028","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Recent studies have reported that height is inversely associated with blood pressure and hypertension. However, there is lack of comprehensive findings from Bangladesh in this regard.</p></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><p>The purpose of this study was to explore the association between height and blood pressure in a Bangladeshi population.</p></div><div><h3>Setting</h3><p>Rural and urban sites from seven divisions of Bangladesh.</p></div><div><h3>Participants</h3><p>Participants were 7932 males and females (aged ≥35 years) evaluated in the 2011 Bangladesh Demographic Health Survey. Participants (n = 7647) who had complete height, weight, systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP) measurements and non-missing medication history, were included in the analysis.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Hypertension was defined as an SBP over 140 mmHg or/and a DBP over 90 mmHg, or current use of antihypertensive medication. Difference between SBP and DBP was calculated to get pulse pressure (PP). Multivariate linear and logistic regression models were used.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>PP decreased linearly with increasing height among males (−0.11, P &lt; 0.05) and females (−0.19, P &lt; 0.05) after adjusting for age, BMI, living region, type of occupation, wealth index, and highest level of education. SBP decreased linearly with increasing height among only females (−0.14, P &lt; 0.05), after adjusting for age, BMI, living region, type of occupation, wealth index, and highest level of education. No association was found between quartiles of height and prevalence of hypertension.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Height was found to be inversely associated with pulse pressure in both sexes. Studies with longitudinal design are needed to investigate the association between shortness with blood pressure and hypertension.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36839,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cardiology: Hypertension","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100028"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.ijchy.2020.100028","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38821097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Paradigm shift to disequilibrium in the genesis of orthostatic intolerance in patients with myalgic encephalomyelitis and chronic fatigue syndrome","authors":"Kunihisa Miwa ,&nbsp;Yukichi Inoue","doi":"10.1016/j.ijchy.2020.100032","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijchy.2020.100032","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Orthostatic intolerance (OI) markedly impairs activities of daily living in patients with myalgic encephalomyelitis (ME) or chronic fatigue syndrome. OI is surmised to be a cardiovascular symptom correlated with cerebral hypo-perfusion and exaggerated sympathetic activation. Postural instability or disequilibrium may be part of the etiology of OI.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The study comprised 72 patients with ME (18 men, 54 women; mean age, 37 ± 10 years) who underwent neurological examinations and the 10 min standing test. We quantified disequilibrium (instability upon standing with feet together and eyes shut), ability to complete the 10 min standing test, and postural orthostatic tachycardia (POT) during the test.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Disequilibrium was detected in 23/72 (32%) patients and POT in 16 (22%). Nineteen (26%) patients failed to complete the 10 min standing test; disequilibrium was significantly more common in the 19- patient subgroup than in the 53-patient test-completing subgroup (89% vs. 11%, p &lt; 0.01). However, the rate of POT was not different between the groups (21% vs. 23%, p = 1.00). Compared with the 49 (68%) patients without disequilibrium, the 23 (32%) patients with disequilibrium were significantly more likely to have failed to complete the test (74% vs. 4%, p &lt; 0.01). The rate of POT was comparable between the groups (23% vs. 22%, p = 1.00). Among patients with disequilibrium who failed to complete the 10 min standing test and had a previous record, 6/8 had completed the test 6–24 months earlier when all six had reported no disequilibrium.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Disequilibrium should be recognized as an important cause of OI in patients with ME.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36839,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cardiology: Hypertension","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100032"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.ijchy.2020.100032","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38821100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}