Temperature最新文献

{"title":"Time following ingestion does not influence the validity of telemetry pill measurements of core temperature during exercise-heat stress: The journal <i>Temperature</i> toolbox.","authors":"Sean R Notley,&nbsp;Robert D Meade,&nbsp;Glen P Kenny","doi":"10.1080/23328940.2020.1801119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23328940.2020.1801119","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In studies of human thermoregulation, ingestible temperature pills are being increasingly used as a convenient alternative to more clinically relevant indices of deep-body (core) temperature (e.g., rectal temperature). It remains unclear whether the time between pill ingestion and the measurement period influences the validity of telemetry pills as a surrogate index of core temperature. We therefore assessed the influence of pill ingestion timing on the agreement between rectal temperature (criterion method) and ingestible pill temperature during exercise-heat stress. To achieve this, nine young men (21-31 years) completed two trials involving 15-min rest, 90-min exercise at an average metabolic heat production of 200 W/m² (~40% peak oxygen consumption), and 45-min recovery. Core temperature was measured throughout using rectal temperature and four telemetric temperature pills (VitalSense®) ingested 12, 6, 3 and 1 h(s) prior to the start of each trial. Data from the two trials were combined and averaged over the final 10-min of rest, exercise, and recovery for analysis. Our primary finding was that the mean squared difference between rectal temperature and each pill did not differ significantly across ingestion times during rest, exercise or recovery (p = 0.056), with those errors ranging from 0.1-0.2°C, 0.2-0.2°C, 0.1-0.2°C, and 0.1-0.2°C for the pills ingested 12, 6, 3, and 1 h(s) before data collection, respectively. While there is a need for larger confirmatory studies, our findings indicate that pill ingestion timing does not significantly influence the validity of telemetry pill temperature as an index of core temperature.</p>","PeriodicalId":36837,"journal":{"name":"Temperature","volume":"8 1","pages":"12-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/23328940.2020.1801119","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25342299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"About the cover.","authors":"","doi":"10.1080/23328940.2020.1807706","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23328940.2020.1807706","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36837,"journal":{"name":"Temperature","volume":"7 2","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/23328940.2020.1807706","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38549658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extreme heat and health at Tokyo-2020ne: The need for scientific coalition across sectors.","authors":"Yuri Hosokawa,&nbsp;Jennifer Vanos","doi":"10.1080/23328940.2020.1796241","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23328940.2020.1796241","url":null,"abstract":"The Summer Olympic and Paralympic Games are rightfully one of the world’s largest athletic competitions to showcase and praise excellence, respect, and friendship through sport. While athletes are ...","PeriodicalId":36837,"journal":{"name":"Temperature","volume":"7 2","pages":"111-113"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/23328940.2020.1796241","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38549660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tokyo-2020ne, <i>Temperature</i> and time for reflection.","authors":"Toby Mündel","doi":"10.1080/23328940.2020.1784684","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23328940.2020.1784684","url":null,"abstract":"Is this the new normal? This was a question posed by Jennifer Vanos, my co-Guest Editor, as she introduced the two-part special issue on Anticipating the Tokyo Olympic Games within this journal [1]. She was referring to the likely impact of Tokyo’s predicted climate during the hosting of the 2020 Summer Games on spectators, athletes, and all involved during this spectacle. I wonder how interpretation of that question by you, the reader, has changed since it was first written in mid-January 2020? I suspect that, like me, you are now looking through a different lens tinted by the novel coronavirus (COVID-19). But let us start at the beginning ... ... Tokyo had previously hosted the Summer Games in 1964 where they were scheduled during October to avoid the city’s known midsummer heat and humidity. So why were the 2020 Summer Games scheduled for midsummer? The answer is almost certainly the same reason it took the International Olympic Committee and Local Organizing Committee until 24 March 2020 to decide/ announce that the Games would be rescheduled due to the COVID-19 pandemic sweeping the globe, and this likely forced by several nations (Canada, Australia, and Great Britain) threatening to withdraw from participation. Pierre de Coubertin’s ideals for the modern Olympic Games proposed that taking part is more important than winning, that life’s struggle is valued more than triumph, and that it is essential to have fought well, not conquered. I (cynically) suspect that the International Olympic Committee, host city, global broadcasters, and sponsors have added to the Olympic values of friendship, respect, and excellence their own: maximizing profit and minimizing loss. Yet like most of us, these Olympic athletes have had their lives turned upside-down by COVID-19. They were dedicated to and peaking for an event only a few months away but now have to readjust their training and lives until 23 June 2021; their competitions have been canceled and so valuable appearance or sponsorship fees cannot be claimed; they cannot visit their training facilities or meet with their team. Like you, they have undoubtedly had more time for other activities, and I should certainly recommend that they join you in digesting this special issue whilst being forced to continue anticipating Tokyo 2020ne. Much has been said about the thermal/physiological prospect on facing extreme heat and humidity during the Tokyo summertime [2]. However, Downs et al. [3] provide us with a fascinating alternative consequence, namely excessive exposure to solar ultraviolet radiation. The authors have painstakingly modeled the solar ultraviolet exposure for the prospective gold medalists in Tokyo across the 144 events scheduled outdoors that spanned 33 disciplines. Considering factors such as body posture, event duration and schedule, clothing protection, and atmospheric parameters. Downs et al. [3] report that the gold, silver, and bronze medals for highest and most harmful ultraviolet expos","PeriodicalId":36837,"journal":{"name":"Temperature","volume":"7 2","pages":"109-110"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/23328940.2020.1784684","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38549659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COVID-19 and thermoregulation-related problems: Practical recommendations.","authors":"Hein Daanen, Stephan Bose-O'Reilly, Matt Brearley, D Andreas Flouris, Nicola M Gerrett, Maud Huynen, Hunter M Jones, Jason Kai Wei Lee, Nathan Morris, Ian Norton, Lars Nybo, Elspeth Oppermann, Joy Shumake-Guillemot, Peter Van den Hazel","doi":"10.1080/23328940.2020.1790971","DOIUrl":"10.1080/23328940.2020.1790971","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The COVID-19 pandemic started in the cold months of the year 2020 in the Northern hemisphere. Concerns were raised that the hot season may lead to additional problems as some typical interventions to prevent heat-related illness could potentially conflict with precautions to reduce coronavirus transmission. Therefore, an international research team organized by the Global Health Heat Information Network generated an inventory of the specific concerns about this nexus and began to address the issues. Three key thermal and covid-19 related topics were highlighted: 1) For the general public, going to public cool areas in the hot season interferes with the recommendation to stay at home to reduce the spread of the virus. Conflicting advice makes it necessary to revise national heat plans and alert policymakers of this forecasted issue. 2) For medical personnel working in hot conditions, heat strain is exacerbated due to a reduction in heat loss from wearing personal protective equipment to prevent contamination. To avoid heat-related injuries, medical personnel are recommended to precool and to minimize the increase in body core temperature using adopted work/rest schedules, specific clothing systems, and by drinking cold fluids. 3) Fever, one of the main symptoms of COVID-19, may be difficult to distinguish from heat-induced hyperthermia and a resting period may be necessary prior to measurement to avoid misinterpretation. In summary, heat in combination with the COVID-19 pandemic leads to additional problems; the impact of which can be reduced by revising heat plans and implementing special measures attentive to these compound risks.</p>","PeriodicalId":36837,"journal":{"name":"Temperature","volume":"8 1","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/82/7d/KTMP_8_1790971.PMC7849778.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25342300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Active women demonstrate acute autonomic and hemodynamic shifts following exercise in heat and humidity: A pilot study.","authors":"Hannah A Zabriskie,&nbsp;Chad M Kerksick,&nbsp;Andrew R Jagim","doi":"10.1080/23328940.2020.1796242","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23328940.2020.1796242","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The purpose of this study was to assess autonomic and hemodynamic recovery in women who performed moderate-intensity exercise in heat. Seven women (31.7 ± 7.6 years, 67.5 ± 4.4 kg, 25.7 ± 5.6% Fat, 43.9 ± 5.1 mL/kg/min) completed two identical bouts of graded treadmill walking (~60% VO₂peak). One bout was hot (37.5 ± 1.4°C, 46.5 ± 4.6% relative humidity (RH)), and the other was moderate (20.7 ± 1.1°C, 29.9 ± 4.1% RH). For 24 h before and one h after each bout, participants had heart rate variability monitored. After each exercise bout HR and BP were measured during 30 min of supine recovery and 10 min of orthostatic challenge. HF power and RMSSD were lower and LF power and LF:HF ratio greater following exercise in the heat and remained different from the moderate condition for 30 min (p < 0.05). During supine recovery, heat exposure led to higher HR (p = 0.002) and lower DBP (p = 0.016). SBP (p = 0.037) and DBP (p = 0.008) were both lower after 10 min of supine recovery following hot exercise than after moderate temperature. Average response did not reveal orthostatic hypotension despite heat causing a higher HR (p = 0.011) and lower SBP (p = 0.026) after 10 min of orthostatic exposure. Trained women exhibit an autonomic shift toward sympathetic dominance for at least 30 min after exercise in heat. Women who exercise in heat should be wary of an exacerbated HR response after exercise and low recovery blood pressures.</p>","PeriodicalId":36837,"journal":{"name":"Temperature","volume":"8 1","pages":"64-79"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/23328940.2020.1796242","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25342747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modern Grand Solar Minimum will lead to terrestrial cooling.","authors":"Valentina Zharkova","doi":"10.1080/23328940.2020.1796243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23328940.2020.1796243","url":null,"abstract":"In this editorial I will demonstrate with newly discovered solar activity proxy-magnetic field that the Sun has entered into the modern Grand Solar Minimum (2020–2053) that will lead to a significa...","PeriodicalId":36837,"journal":{"name":"Temperature","volume":"7 3","pages":"217-222"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/23328940.2020.1796243","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38547026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Time perception and timed decision task performance during passive heat stress.","authors":"Boris R M Kingma,&nbsp;Linsey M M Roijendijk,&nbsp;Leendert Van Maanen,&nbsp;Hedderik Van Rijn,&nbsp;Maurice H P H Van Beurden","doi":"10.1080/23328940.2020.1776925","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23328940.2020.1776925","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigates the hypotheses that during passive heat stress, the change in perception of time and change in accuracy of a timed decision task relate to changes in thermophysiological variables gastrointestinal temperature and heart rate (HR), as well as subjective measures of cognitive load and thermal perception. Young adult males (N = 29) participated in two 60-min head-out water immersion conditions (36.5°C-neutral and 38.0°C-warm). Cognitive task measurements included accuracy (judgment task), response time (judgment ask), and time estimation (interval timing task). Physiological measurements included gastrointestinal temperature and heart rate. Subjective measurements included cognitive task load (NASA-TLX), rate of perceived exertion, thermal sensation, and thermal comfort. Gastrointestinal temperature and HR were significantly higher in warm versus neutral condition (gastrointestinal temperature: 38.4 ± 0.2°C vs. 37.2 ± 0.2°C, p < 0.01; HR: 105 ± 8 BPM vs. 83 ± 9 BPM, p < 0.01). The change in accuracy was significantly associated with the change in gastrointestinal temperature, and attenuated by change in thermal sensation and change in HR (r2=0.40, p< 0.01). Change in response time was significantly associated with the change in gastrointestinal temperature (r2=0.26, p< 0.002), and change in time estimation was best explained by a change in thermal discomfort (r2=0.18, p< 0.01). Changes in cognitive performance during passive thermal stress are significantly associated with changes in thermophysiological variables and thermal perception. Although explained variance is low (<50%), decreased accuracy is attributed to increased gastrointestinal temperature, yet is attenuated by increased arousal (expressed as increased HR and warmth thermal sensation).</p>","PeriodicalId":36837,"journal":{"name":"Temperature","volume":"8 1","pages":"53-63"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/23328940.2020.1776925","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25342746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Human white-fat thermogenesis: Experimental and meta-analytic findings.","authors":"Petros C Dinas,&nbsp;Argyro Krase,&nbsp;Eleni Nintou,&nbsp;Alexandros Georgakopoulos,&nbsp;Marnie Granzotto,&nbsp;Marinos Metaxas,&nbsp;Elena Karachaliou,&nbsp;Marco Rossato,&nbsp;Roberto Vettor,&nbsp;Panagiotis Georgoulias,&nbsp;Tiago S Mayor,&nbsp;John Koutsikos,&nbsp;Konstantinos Athanasiou,&nbsp;Leonidas G Ioannou,&nbsp;Paraskevi Gkiata,&nbsp;Andres E Carrillo,&nbsp;Yiannis Koutedakis,&nbsp;George S Metsios,&nbsp;Athanasios Z Jamurtas,&nbsp;Sofia Chatziioannou,&nbsp;Andreas D Flouris","doi":"10.1080/23328940.2020.1769530","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23328940.2020.1769530","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>White adipose tissue (WAT) thermogenic activity may play a role in whole-body energy balance and two of its main regulators are thought to be environmental temperature (T_env) and exercise. Low T_env may increase uncoupling protein one (UCP1; the main biomarker of thermogenic activity) in WAT to regulate body temperature. On the other hand, exercise may stimulate UCP1 in WAT, which is thought to alter body weight regulation. However, our understanding of the roles (if any) of T_env and exercise in WAT thermogenic activity remains incomplete. Our aim was to examine the impacts of low T_env and exercise on WAT thermogenic activity, which may alter energy homeostasis and body weight regulation. We conducted a series of four experimental studies, supported by two systematic reviews and meta-analyses. We found increased UCP1 mRNA (p = 0.03; but not protein level) in human WAT biopsy samples collected during the cold part of the year, a finding supported by a systematic review and meta-analysis (PROSPERO review protocol: CRD42019120116). Additional clinical trials (NCT04037371; NCT04037410) using Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography (PET/CT) revealed no impact of low T_env on human WAT thermogenic activity (p > 0.05). Furthermore, we found no effects of exercise on UCP1 mRNA or protein levels (p > 0.05) in WAT biopsy samples from a human randomized controlled trial (Clinical trial: NCT04039685), a finding supported by systematic review and meta-analytic data (PROSPERO review protocol: CRD42019120213). Taken together, the present experimental and meta-analytic findings of UCP1 and SUV_max, demonstrate that cold and exercise may play insignificant roles in human WAT thermogenic activity. <b>Abbreviations</b>: WAT:White adipose tissue; T_env: Environmental temperature; UCP1: Uncoupling protein one; BAT: Brown adipose tissue; BMI:Body mass index; mRNA: Messenger ribonucleic acid; RCT: Randomized controlled trial; WHR: Waist-to-hip ratio; PRISMA: Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses; PET/CT: Positron Emission Tomography and Computed Tomography; REE: Resting energy expenditure; ¹⁸F-FDG: F¹⁸ fludeoxyglucose; VO₂peak:Peak oxygen consumption; 1RM: One repetition maximum; SUV_max: Maximum standardized uptake value; Std: Standardized mean difference.</p>","PeriodicalId":36837,"journal":{"name":"Temperature","volume":"8 1","pages":"39-52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/23328940.2020.1769530","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25342745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of exercise-heat stress on circulating stress hormones and interleukin-6 in young and older men.","authors":"Antonia Kaltsatou,&nbsp;Sean R Notley,&nbsp;Glen P Kenny","doi":"10.1080/23328940.2020.1768032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23328940.2020.1768032","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Aging is associated with impairments in thermoregulatory function, which may augment the neuroendocrine and immune response in older relative to young adults during physical activity in the heat. This study was therefore aimed at examining changes in circulating endocrine hormones as cortisol (COR), prolactin (PRL), human growth hormone (hGH) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in young and older men prior to and following an incremental, exercise-heat stress protocol (40°C and ~15% relative humidity). Accordingly, ten habitually active young (mean±SD; 21 ± 1 years) and ten older (65 ± 3 years) men performed three 30-min bouts of cycling at increasing metabolic heat productions (300, 400 and 500 W, equal to light, moderate and vigorous exercise), each separated by a 15-min recovery. Consistent with our hypothesis, we observed augmented IL-6 in older (3.55 ± 1.62 pg/mL) compared to young men (1.59 ± 0.88 pg/mL) following the protocol (p < 0.001). However, no significant between-group differences were observed for COR and hGH (all p > 0.050). We show that when assessed following incremental exercise in the heat, older men display augmented interleukin-6, but similar levels of stress hormones relative to young men.</p>","PeriodicalId":36837,"journal":{"name":"Temperature","volume":" ","pages":"389-393"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/23328940.2020.1768032","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38651745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}