Data最新文献

{"title":"Medical Opinions Analysis about the Decrease of Autopsies Using Emerging Pattern Mining","authors":"Isaac Machorro-Cano, Ingrid Aylin Ríos-Méndez, José Antonio Palet-Guzmán, Nidia Rodríguez-Mazahua, L. Rodríguez-Mazahua, G. Alor-Hernández, J. O. Olmedo-Aguirre","doi":"10.3390/data9010002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/data9010002","url":null,"abstract":"An autopsy is a widely recognized procedure to guarantee ongoing enhancements in medicine. It finds extensive application in legal, scientific, medical, and research domains. However, declining autopsy rates in hospitals constitute a worldwide concern. For example, the Regional Hospital of Rio Blanco in Veracruz, Mexico, has substantially reduced the number of autopsies at hospitals in recent years. Since there are no documented historical records of a decrease in the frequency of autopsy cases, it is crucial to establish a methodological framework to substantiate any actual trends in the data. Emerging pattern mining (EPM) allows for finding differences between classes or data sets because it builds a descriptive data model concerning some given remarkable property. Data set description has become a significant application area in various contexts in recent years. In this research study, various EPM (emerging pattern mining) algorithms were used to extract emergent patterns from a data set collected based on medical experts’ perspectives on reducing hospital autopsies. Notably, the top-performing EPM algorithms were iEPMiner, LCMine, SJEP-C, Top-k minimal SJEPs, and Tree-based JEP-C. Among these, iEPMiner and LCMine demonstrated faster performance and produced superior emergent patterns when considering metrics such as Confidence, Weighted Relative Accuracy Criteria (WRACC), False Positive Rate (FPR), and True Positive Rate (TPR).","PeriodicalId":36824,"journal":{"name":"Data","volume":"51 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138951220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unlocking Insights: Analysing COVID-19 Lockdown Policies and Mobility Data in Victoria, Australia, through a Data-Driven Machine Learning Approach","authors":"Shiyang Lyu, O. Adegboye, Kiki Adhinugraha, T. Emeto, David Taniar","doi":"10.3390/data9010003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/data9010003","url":null,"abstract":"The state of Victoria, Australia, implemented one of the world’s most prolonged cumulative lockdowns in 2020 and 2021. Although lockdowns have proven effective in managing COVID-19 worldwide, this approach faced challenges in containing the rising infection in Victoria. This study evaluates the effects of short-term (less than 60 days) and long-term (more than 60 days) lockdowns on public mobility and the effectiveness of various social restriction measures within these periods. The aim is to understand the complexities of pandemic management by examining various measures over different lockdown durations, thereby contributing to more effective COVID-19 containment methods. Using restriction policy, community mobility, and COVID-19 data, a machine-learning-based simulation model was proposed, incorporating analysis of correlation, infection doubling time, and effective lockdown date. The model result highlights the significant impact of public event cancellations in preventing COVID-19 infection during short- and long-term lockdowns and the importance of international travel controls in long-term lockdowns. The effectiveness of social restriction was found to decrease significantly with the transition from short to long lockdowns, characterised by increased visits to public places and increased use of public transport, which may be associated with an increase in the effective reproduction number (Rt) and infected cases.","PeriodicalId":36824,"journal":{"name":"Data","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138952789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expert-Annotated Dataset to Study Cyberbullying in Polish Language","authors":"Michal Ptaszynski, Agata Pieciukiewicz, Pawel Dybala, Paweł Skrzek, Kamil Soliwoda, Marcin Fortuna, Gniewosz Leliwa, Michal Wroczynski","doi":"10.3390/data9010001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/data9010001","url":null,"abstract":"We introduce the first dataset of harmful and offensive language collected from the Polish Internet. This dataset was meticulously curated to facilitate the exploration of harmful online phenomena such as cyberbullying and hate speech, which have exhibited a significant surge both within the Polish Internet as well as globally. The dataset was systematically collected and then annotated using two approaches. First, it was annotated by two proficient layperson volunteers, operating under the guidance of a specialist in the language of cyberbullying and hate speech. To enhance the precision of the annotations, a secondary round of annotations was carried out by a team of adept annotators with specialized long-term expertise in cyberbullying and hate speech annotations. This second phase was further overseen by an experienced annotator, acting as a super-annotator. In its initial application, the dataset was leveraged for the categorization of cyberbullying instances in the Polish language. Specifically, the dataset serves as the foundation for two distinct tasks: (1) a binary classification that segregates harmful and non-harmful messages and (2) a multi-class classification that distinguishes between two variations of harmful content (cyberbullying and hate speech), as well as a non-harmful category. Alongside the dataset itself, we also provide the models that showed satisfying classification performance. These models are made accessible for third-party use in constructing cyberbullying prevention systems.","PeriodicalId":36824,"journal":{"name":"Data","volume":"35 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138994494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genome Sequence of the Plant-Growth-Promoting Endophyte Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens Strain W004","authors":"V. Chebotar, M. Gancheva, E. Chizhevskaya, M. E. Baganova, Oksana V. Keleinikova, Kharon A. Husainov, Veronika N. Pishchik","doi":"10.3390/data8120187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/data8120187","url":null,"abstract":"We report the whole-genome sequences of the endophyte Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens strain W004 isolated from the seeds of winter wheat, cv. Bezostaya 100. The genome was obtained using Oxford Nanopore MinION sequencing. The bacterium has a circular chromosome consisting of 3.63 kbp with a G+C% content of 70.89%. We found that Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens strain W004 could promote the growth of spring wheat plants, resulting in an increase in grain yield of 54.3%. Sequencing the genome of this new strain can provide insights into its potential role in plant–microbe interactions.","PeriodicalId":36824,"journal":{"name":"Data","volume":"53 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139010785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Qualitative Dataset for Coffee Bio-Aggressors Detection Based on the Ancestral Knowledge of the Cauca Coffee Farmers in Colombia","authors":"Juan Felipe Valencia-Mosquera, David Griol, Mayra Solarte-Montoya, Cristhian Figueroa, Juan Carlos Corrales, David Camilo Corrales","doi":"10.3390/data8120186","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/data8120186","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes a novel qualitative dataset regarding coffee pests based on the ancestral knowledge of coffee farmers in the Department of Cauca, Colombia. The dataset has been obtained from a survey applied to coffee growers with 432 records and 41 variables collected weekly from September 2020 to August 2021. The qualitative dataset includes climatic conditions, productive activities, external conditions, and coffee bio-aggressors. This dataset allows researchers to find patterns for coffee crop protection through the ancestral knowledge not detected by real-time agricultural sensors. As far as we are concerned, there are no datasets like the one presented in this paper with similar characteristics of qualitative value that express the empirical knowledge of coffee farmers used to detect triggers of causal behaviors of pests and diseases in coffee crops.","PeriodicalId":36824,"journal":{"name":"Data","volume":"38 14","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138588884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Land Cover Classification in the Antioquia Region of the Tropical Andes Using NICFI Satellite Data Program Imagery and Semantic Segmentation Techniques","authors":"Luisa F. Gomez-Ossa, G. Sanchez-Torres, John W. Branch-Bedoya","doi":"10.3390/data8120185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/data8120185","url":null,"abstract":"Land cover classification, generated from satellite imagery through semantic segmentation, has become fundamental for monitoring land use and land cover change (LULCC). The tropical Andes territory provides opportunities due to its significance in the provision of ecosystem services. However, the lack of reliable data for this region, coupled with challenges arising from its mountainous topography and diverse ecosystems, hinders the description of its coverage. Therefore, this research proposes the Tropical Andes Land Cover Dataset (TALANDCOVER). It is constructed from three sample strategies: aleatory, minimum 50%, and 70% of representation per class, which address imbalanced geographic data. Additionally, the U-Net deep learning model is applied for enhanced and tailored classification of land covers. Using high-resolution data from the NICFI program, our analysis focuses on the Department of Antioquia in Colombia. The TALANDCOVER dataset, presented in TIF format, comprises multiband R-G-B-NIR images paired with six labels (dense forest, grasslands, heterogeneous agricultural areas, bodies of water, built-up areas, and bare-degraded lands) with an estimated 0.76 F1 score compared to ground truth data by expert knowledge and surpassing the precision of existing global cover maps for the study area. To the best of our knowledge, this work is a pioneer in its release of open-source data for segmenting coverages with pixel-wise labeled NICFI imagery at a 4.77 m resolution. The experiments carried out with the application of the sample strategies and models show F1 score values of 0.70, 0.72, and 0.74 for aleatory, balanced 50%, and balanced 70%, respectively, over the expert segmented sample (ground truth), which suggests that the personalized application of our deep learning model, together with the TALANDCOVER dataset offers different possibilities that facilitate the training of deep architectures for the classification of large-scale covers in complex areas, such as the tropical Andes. This advance has significant potential for decision making, emphasizing sustainable land use and the conservation of natural resources.","PeriodicalId":36824,"journal":{"name":"Data","volume":"4 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138603876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Urban Image Stimulus Set Generated from Social Media","authors":"Ardaman Kaur, André Leite Rodrigues, Sarah Hoogstraten, D. A. Blanco-Mora, B. Miranda, Paulo Morgado, Dar Meshi","doi":"10.3390/data8120184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/data8120184","url":null,"abstract":"Social media data, such as photos and status posts, can be tagged with location information (geotagging). This geotagged information can be used for urban spatial analysis to explore neighborhood characteristics or mobility patterns. With increasing rural-to-urban migration, there is a need for comprehensive data capturing the complexity of urban settings and their influence on human experiences. Here, we share an urban image stimulus set from the city of Lisbon that researchers can use in their experiments. The stimulus set consists of 160 geotagged urban space photographs extracted from the Flickr social media platform. We divided the city into 100 × 100 m cells to calculate the cell image density (number of images in each cell) and the cell green index (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index of each cell) and assigned these values to each geotagged image. In addition, we also computed the popularity of each image (normalized views on the social network). We also categorized these images into two putative groups by photographer status (residents and tourists), with 80 images belonging to each group. With the rise in data-driven decisions in urban planning, this stimulus set helps explore human–urban environment interaction patterns, especially if complemented with survey/neuroimaging measures or machine-learning analyses.","PeriodicalId":36824,"journal":{"name":"Data","volume":"34 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138627032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spectrogram Dataset of Korean Smartphone Audio Files Forged Using the “Mix Paste” Command","authors":"Yeongmin Son, Won Jun Kwak, Jae Wan Park","doi":"10.3390/data8120183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/data8120183","url":null,"abstract":"This study focuses on the field of voice forgery detection, which is increasing in importance owing to the introduction of advanced voice editing technologies and the proliferation of smartphones. This study introduces a unique dataset that was built specifically to identify forgeries created using the “Mix Paste” technique. This editing technique can overlay audio segments from similar or different environments without creating a new timeframe, making it nearly infeasible to detect forgeries using traditional methods. The dataset consists of 4665 and 45,672 spectrogram images from 1555 original audio files and 15,224 forged audio files, respectively. The original audio was recorded using iPhone and Samsung Galaxy smartphones to ensure a realistic sampling environment. The forged files were created from these recordings and subsequently converted into spectrograms. The dataset also provided the metadata of the original voice files, offering additional context and information that could be used for analysis and detection. This dataset not only fills a gap in existing research but also provides valuable support for developing more efficient deep learning models for voice forgery detection. By addressing the “Mix Paste” technique, the dataset caters to a critical need in voice authentication and forensics, potentially contributing to enhancing security in society.","PeriodicalId":36824,"journal":{"name":"Data","volume":" 27","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138620912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Automated Big Data Quality Anomaly Correction Framework Using Predictive Analysis","authors":"Widad Elouataoui, Saida El Mendili, Youssef Gahi","doi":"10.3390/data8120182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/data8120182","url":null,"abstract":"Big data has emerged as a fundamental component in various domains, enabling organizations to extract valuable insights and make informed decisions. However, ensuring data quality is crucial for effectively using big data. Thus, big data quality has been gaining more attention in recent years by researchers and practitioners due to its significant impact on decision-making processes. However, existing studies addressing data quality anomalies often have a limited scope, concentrating on specific aspects such as outliers or inconsistencies. Moreover, many approaches are context-specific, lacking a generic solution applicable across different domains. To the best of our knowledge, no existing framework currently automatically addresses quality anomalies comprehensively and generically, considering all aspects of data quality. To fill the gaps in the field, we propose a sophisticated framework that automatically corrects big data quality anomalies using an intelligent predictive model. The proposed framework comprehensively addresses the main aspects of data quality by considering six key quality dimensions: Accuracy, Completeness, Conformity, Uniqueness, Consistency, and Readability. Moreover, the framework is not correlated to a specific field and is designed to be applicable across various areas, offering a generic approach to address data quality anomalies. The proposed framework was implemented on two datasets and has achieved an accuracy of 98.22%. Moreover, the results have shown that the framework has allowed the data quality to be boosted to a great score, reaching 99%, with an improvement rate of up to 14.76% of the quality score.","PeriodicalId":36824,"journal":{"name":"Data","volume":"317 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138625749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Introducing DeReKoGram: A Novel Frequency Dataset with Lemma and Part-of-Speech Information for German","authors":"Sascha Wolfer, Alexander Koplenig, Marc Kupietz, Carolin Müller-Spitzer","doi":"10.3390/data8110170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/data8110170","url":null,"abstract":"We introduce DeReKoGram, a novel frequency dataset containing lemma and part-of-speech (POS) information for 1-, 2-, and 3-grams from the German Reference Corpus. The dataset contains information based on a corpus of 43.2 billion tokens and is divided into 16 parts based on 16 corpus folds. We describe how the dataset was created and structured. By evaluating the distribution over the 16 folds, we show that it is possible to work with a subset of the folds in many use cases (e.g., to save computational resources). In a case study, we investigate the growth of vocabulary (as well as the number of hapax legomena) as an increasing number of folds are included in the analysis. We cross-combine this with the various cleaning stages of the dataset. We also give some guidance in the form of Python, R, and Stata markdown scripts on how to work with the resource.","PeriodicalId":36824,"journal":{"name":"Data","volume":" 43","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135191082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}