Academic Forensic Pathology最新文献_第8页

Safety Recommendations for Forensic Laboratory Staff During COVID-19 Pandemic. COVID-19大流行期间法医实验室工作人员的安全建议。

Academic Forensic Pathology Pub Date : 2021-06-01 Epub Date: 2021-06-28 DOI: 10.1177/19253621211024396

Suneel Prajapati, Sukhminder Kaur

引用次数: 2

Editorial. 社论。

Academic Forensic Pathology Pub Date : 2021-06-01 Epub Date: 2021-08-30 DOI: 10.1177/19253621211039122

Christopher Milroy

引用次数: 0

Legal Frameworks: A Starting Point for Strengthening Medicolegal Death Investigation Systems and Improving Cause and Manner of Death Statistics in Civil Registration and Vital Statistics Systems. 法律框架：加强法医死亡调查系统以及改进民事登记和生命统计系统中死亡原因和方式统计的起点。

Academic Forensic Pathology Pub Date : 2021-06-01 Epub Date: 2021-07-08 DOI: 10.1177/19253621211027747

Olga Joos, Srdjan Mrkic, Lynn Sferrazza

{"title":"Legal Frameworks: A Starting Point for Strengthening Medicolegal Death Investigation Systems and Improving Cause and Manner of Death Statistics in Civil Registration and Vital Statistics Systems.","authors":"Olga Joos, Srdjan Mrkic, Lynn Sferrazza","doi":"10.1177/19253621211027747","DOIUrl":"10.1177/19253621211027747","url":null,"abstract":"Medicolegal death investigation systems, which generally fall within one of three types-medical examiner, coroner, or law-enforcement-led systems-investigate deaths that are unnatural or suspicious. The current quality of cause of death statistics on deaths investigated within medicolegal death investigation systems globally limits effective public health response. A starting point to strengthening global medicolegal death investigation systems and improving the quality of cause and manner of death reported to civil registration systems is through a strong legal framework. Two resources, the United Nations Statistics Division Guidelines on the Legislative Framework for Civil Registration, Vital Statistics and Identity Management and the Global Health Advocacy Incubator Legal and Regulatory Toolkit for Civil Registration, Vital Statistics and Identity Management, present recommendations and provide guidance to country stakeholders in reviewing and revising their medicolegal death investigation legal frameworks. Physician determination of cause and manner of death, defined criteria for case referral to the medicolegal death investigation system, an amendment process, and investigation collaboration are four core considerations for medicolegal death investigation system legal frameworks. A strong medicolegal death investigation legal framework is a necessary starting point, but it is not sufficient for ensuring the timely, accurate, and complete reporting of cause and manner of death in national vital statistics.","PeriodicalId":36813,"journal":{"name":"Academic Forensic Pathology","volume":"11 2","pages":"103-111"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8408807/pdf/10.1177_19253621211027747.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39452224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Veterinary Forensic Histopathology. 兽医法医组织病理学。

Academic Forensic Pathology Pub Date : 2021-06-01 Epub Date: 2021-05-28 DOI: 10.1177/19253621211015856

Vanessa Delgado, Nuno Topa, Isabel Pires

引用次数: 1

Quantitation of Synthetic Cannabinoid Receptor Agonists in Postmortem Blood Using a Single Point Calibration. 用单点校准法定量死后血液中合成大麻素受体激动剂。

Academic Forensic Pathology Pub Date : 2021-06-01 Epub Date: 2021-07-20 DOI: 10.1177/19253621211032511

Phoebe Sharp, Simon Hudson, Stephen R Morley

引用次数: 0

Forensic Pluralism and the Dead Body in Early 20th-Century China. 法医多元论与20世纪初中国的尸体。

Academic Forensic Pathology Pub Date : 2021-03-01 Epub Date: 2021-03-25 DOI: 10.1177/19253621211002504

Daniel Asen

{"title":"Forensic Pluralism and the Dead Body in Early 20th-Century China.","authors":"Daniel Asen","doi":"10.1177/19253621211002504","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/19253621211002504","url":null,"abstract":"Modern forensic medicine was introduced into China during the first decades of the 20th century. The members of China's first generation of medicolegal experts were soon advocating that medical expertise play a greater role in police and judicial officials' investigations of suspicious death and homicide cases. While forensic reform in China had parallels with developments in other contemporary societies in which physicians were pushing for a greater role in the law, this process unfolded in China in unique ways, against the backdrop of an older tradition of forensic science that had developed under the Qing dynasty (1644-1911). Central to this tradition was the Records on the Washing Away of Wrongs, a handbook of forensic practice that was written in the 13th century and saw numerous editions and expansions over subsequent centuries. Death investigation in early 20th-century China was defined by \"forensic pluralism,\" a situation in which the different body examination methods and standards of forensic proof associated with the Washing Away of Wrongs and modern forensic medicine were both accepted by officialdom and society. This article untangles the complexities of forensic practice during this period through the rather unexceptional exchange over a case of suspected drowning that occurred between local officials in Hebei province and Lin Ji (1897-1951), director of the Beiping University Medical School Institute of Legal Medicine. This case reveals the different regimes of forensic knowledge and practice that were used in China during this period as well as the sites at which they interacted.","PeriodicalId":36813,"journal":{"name":"Academic Forensic Pathology","volume":"11 1","pages":"41-51"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/19253621211002504","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38940889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Thermal Effects on DNA Degradation in Blood and Seminal Stains: Forensic View. 热效应对血液和精液中DNA降解的影响:法医观点。

Academic Forensic Pathology Pub Date : 2021-03-01 Epub Date: 2021-03-19 DOI: 10.1177/1925362121998547

Randa H Abdel Hady, Hayam Z Thabet, Noha Esmael Ebrahem, Heba A Yassa

{"title":"Thermal Effects on DNA Degradation in Blood and Seminal Stains: Forensic View.","authors":"Randa H Abdel Hady, Hayam Z Thabet, Noha Esmael Ebrahem, Heba A Yassa","doi":"10.1177/1925362121998547","DOIUrl":"10.1177/1925362121998547","url":null,"abstract":"Forensic investigations using DNA analysis have been grown rapidly. Samples retrieved from crime scene may be exposed to different conditions before proceeding. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of different grades of temperature and burn on DNA extraction and typing.Methods: Seven mL of blood and four mL of semen were collected from each volunteer. Effects of temperature grades (100 °C, 50 °C, 37 °C, 4 °C, -20 °C, and burn) on blood and seminal stain were tested.Results: Bloodstains exposed to temperature grades 100 °C, 50 °C, 37 °C, 4 °C, and -20 °C can be identified using preliminary test while burnt blood stain cannot. Seminal stains exposed to temperature grades 37 °C, 4 °C, and -20 °C can be identified by Florence test while those exposed to 100 °C, 50 °C, and burn cannot. Blood and seminal stains exposed to temperature grades 100 °C, 50 °C, and burn show marked reduction in DNA concentration while maximum DNA conc could be recovered from stains exposed to temperature grade temperature. Both blood and seminal DNA was affected only in case of burn without significant difference between THO1 and Amelogenin primers.Conclusion: High environmental temperature affect the quantity of extracted DNA from different stains but less effect on the quality of extracted DNA. Burn affects both preliminary test, DNA quantity, and quality in stains.","PeriodicalId":36813,"journal":{"name":"Academic Forensic Pathology","volume":"11 1","pages":"7-23"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1925362121998547","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38940886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Guest Editorial for Academic Forensic Pathology. 学术法医病理学》客座编辑。

Academic Forensic Pathology Pub Date : 2021-03-01 Epub Date: 2021-05-16 DOI: 10.1177/19253621211014474

Daniel Asen, Jeffrey Jentzen

引用次数: 0

What's Scientific About Forensic Science? Three Versions of American Forensics, 1903-1965, and One Modest Proposal. 法医科学有什么科学性?《美国法医学的三个版本，1903-1965》和《一个温和的建议》。

Academic Forensic Pathology Pub Date : 2021-03-01 Epub Date: 2021-03-19 DOI: 10.1177/1925362121999414

Christopher Hamlin

引用次数: 3

Teaching Forensic Science to the American Police and Public: The Scientific Crime Detection Laboratory, 1929-1938. 向美国警察和公众教授法医学:科学犯罪检测实验室，1929-1938。

Academic Forensic Pathology Pub Date : 2021-03-01 Epub Date: 2021-04-05 DOI: 10.1177/19253621211002515

Heather Wolffram

{"title":"Teaching Forensic Science to the American Police and Public: The Scientific Crime Detection Laboratory, 1929-1938.","authors":"Heather Wolffram","doi":"10.1177/19253621211002515","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/19253621211002515","url":null,"abstract":"Established in 1929, Northwestern University's Scientific Crime Detection Laboratory (SCDL), America's first independent forensic crime laboratory, undertook a wide range of scientific case work during the 1930s, including toxicology, firearms identification, polygraph testing, the analysis of questioned documents and bacteriology; its mission being to provide Chicago with a world-class forensic science service. Alongside this mission, however, a key ambition of the SCDL's founders was to forensically educate police officers, legal professionals, and the general public. Convinced that American police were largely ignorant of scientific aids to crime detection and that the public's lack of forensic awareness led to the destruction and contamination of crime scenes, the SCDL attempted to fashion itself as a \"school for manhunters.\" But, while the laboratory's ambitious program of public talks, scientific demonstrations, detective schools, expositions, and radio programs were intended to foster the creation of both a scientifically savvy public and policemen on par with those to be found in Europe, the SCDL encountered a number of significant hurdles to achieving these goals, including the hostility of some high-ranking police officials.","PeriodicalId":36813,"journal":{"name":"Academic Forensic Pathology","volume":"11 1","pages":"52-67"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/19253621211002515","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38953217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2