Academic Forensic Pathology最新文献_第4页

Deaths From Alcoholic and Diabetic Ketoacidosis at Autopsy-A Comparison Study. 尸检中酒精性酮症酸中毒和糖尿病酮症酸中毒死亡病例的比较研究。

Academic Forensic Pathology Pub Date : 2023-06-01 Epub Date: 2023-05-10 DOI: 10.1177/19253621231167014

Christopher M Milroy, Anita Lal, Jacqueline L Parai

{"title":"Deaths From Alcoholic and Diabetic Ketoacidosis at Autopsy-A Comparison Study.","authors":"Christopher M Milroy, Anita Lal, Jacqueline L Parai","doi":"10.1177/19253621231167014","DOIUrl":"10.1177/19253621231167014","url":null,"abstract":"Diabetes mellitus and alcoholism are common disorders that may result in sudden death. Ketoacidosis may occur in both conditions. Diagnosis is based on history, and post-mortem findings including biochemistry and toxicology. This study compares deaths from alcoholic and diabetic ketoacidosis from two centres with large autopsy workloads. In the study period 9332 deaths were autopsies with 151 deaths diagnosed as ketoacidosis (1.6%) with 82 (0.9 %) being diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and 48 (0.5%) alcoholic ketoacidosis (AKA) deaths. There were more male deaths in each group. The median age for DKA deaths was 51 years (range 19-79). The median age for AKA deaths was 55 years (range was 34-78). The BMI range in DKA deaths was 12.5 to 40.4 kg/m2, with a median of 21.9. The comparative figures for AKA deaths was a range of 11.3 - 38.3 with a median of 20.2. Acetone concentrations were statistically higher in diabetic compared with alcoholic deaths, mean of 33.7 mg/100 mL in DKA cases versus mean of 16.9 mg/100 mL in AKA cases. Both DKA and AKA deaths are seen more commonly in males than female and are typically people with low BMIs in their 50s.","PeriodicalId":36813,"journal":{"name":"Academic Forensic Pathology","volume":"13 2","pages":"73-79"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10338734/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9881480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Diagnostic Dilemma in Fatal Paraquat Poisoning: An Autopsy Case Report. 致命百草枯中毒的诊断难题：尸检病例报告。

Academic Forensic Pathology Pub Date : 2023-06-01 Epub Date: 2023-06-29 DOI: 10.1177/19253621231184612

Meena Suresh Kumar, Raghvendra Singh Shekhawat, Tanuj Kanchan, Naresh Kumar Midha

{"title":"Diagnostic Dilemma in Fatal Paraquat Poisoning: An Autopsy Case Report.","authors":"Meena Suresh Kumar, Raghvendra Singh Shekhawat, Tanuj Kanchan, Naresh Kumar Midha","doi":"10.1177/19253621231184612","DOIUrl":"10.1177/19253621231184612","url":null,"abstract":"Paraquat is a highly toxic agent used as an herbicide worldwide. Despite its easy and widespread availability, data regarding cases of paraquat poisoning in India is limited. Diagnosis often becomes difficult without a clear history, owing to its rather nonspecific and varying presentation. In the present case, a 22-year-old man was brought with a history of high-grade fever, sore throat, and oral ulcers for around a week. He was symptomatically treated at multiple hospitals and was worked up for suspected diagnoses like diphtheria and influenza (H1N1). Later during treatment, it was revealed that \"Paraxzone\" was procured online by the patient himself two weeks before the onset of his symptoms. Thence, the treatment regimen was modified following suspicion of paraquat poisoning. However, the delay in diagnosis led to the worsening his condition, and the patient succumbed to death due to pulmonary and renal complications after 16 days of survival. The postmortem examination, supplemented with histopathological evaluation, supported the diagnosis of paraquat poisoning. Paraquat poisoning can mimic a myriad of clinical conditions. Thorough history taking, a high degree of suspicion, and collaborative work with the investigating agency are of paramount importance while dealing with cases of suspected paraquat poisoning in hospital settings.","PeriodicalId":36813,"journal":{"name":"Academic Forensic Pathology","volume":"13 2","pages":"80-85"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10338736/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10202757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Toward Oral Thanatomicrobiology-An Overview of the Forensic Implications of Oral Microflora. 迈向口腔解剖微生物学--口腔微生物菌群的法医学意义概述。

Academic Forensic Pathology Pub Date : 2023-06-01 Epub Date: 2023-05-30 DOI: 10.1177/19253621231176411

Debesh Nilendu

{"title":"Toward Oral Thanatomicrobiology-An Overview of the Forensic Implications of Oral Microflora.","authors":"Debesh Nilendu","doi":"10.1177/19253621231176411","DOIUrl":"10.1177/19253621231176411","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The oral cavity is home to numerous microorganisms including bacteria, fungi, and viruses which together form the oral microflora. It is the second most diverse microbial site in the human body after the gastrointestinal tract. Microbial degradation is a common phenomenon that occurs after death, with the early and advanced stages of decomposition being closely associated with oral microbial activity.Methods: This article reviews the current state of knowledge on the role of the oral microflora in postmortem events, and highlights the growing importance of terms such as forensic microbiology and thanatomicrobiome. This article also discusses next-generation sequencing, metagenomic sequencing studies, and RNA sequencing to study the oral thanatomicrobiome and epinecrotic communities in forensic oral genetics.Results: The indigenous microorganisms in the oral cavity are among the first to respond to the process of decomposition. DNA/RNA sequencing is a relatively simple, precise, and cost-effective method to estimate biological diversity during various stages of postmortem decomposition. The field of thanatomicrobiology is rapidly evolving into a key area in forensic research.Conclusion: This article briefly narrates oral microflora and its implications in forensic odontology. The role of microbial activity in postmortem events is gaining importance in forensic research, and further studies are needed to fully understand the potential applications of advanced technology in the study of the oral thanatomicrobiome.","PeriodicalId":36813,"journal":{"name":"Academic Forensic Pathology","volume":"13 2","pages":"51-60"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10338735/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10202762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Generalized Eosinophilia Following Moderna COVID-19 Vaccine Administration: A Case Report. 接种 Moderna COVID-19 疫苗后出现全身嗜酸性粒细胞增多症：病例报告

Academic Forensic Pathology Pub Date : 2023-03-01 Epub Date: 2023-03-28 DOI: 10.1177/19253621231157933

Yvonne Hojberg, Mahmuod Abdeljaber, Joseph A Prahlow

{"title":"Generalized Eosinophilia Following Moderna COVID-19 Vaccine Administration: A Case Report.","authors":"Yvonne Hojberg, Mahmuod Abdeljaber, Joseph A Prahlow","doi":"10.1177/19253621231157933","DOIUrl":"10.1177/19253621231157933","url":null,"abstract":"Coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) vaccination is considered an important part in improving health outcomes globally. While various adverse events following vaccination against COVID-19 have been reported, eosinophilic diseases have rarely been documented in the literature and are poorly understood. Although vaccination is lauded as being \"safe,\" it has become apparent that adverse reactions related to the vaccines can have detrimental health effects for certain individuals. We present a case of a death related to multiple severe preexisting comorbidities, complicated by new-onset gastrointestinal complaints which were temporally associated with recent COVID-19 vaccination and did not subside, but worsened prior to death. Autopsy revealed evidence of eosinophilic enteritis, associated with ascites, as well as eosinophilic inflammation elsewhere, including the lungs and heart. Histological examination revealed abundant eosinophils in tissues, including the small intestines, epicardium, and lungs. Whether or not the eosinophilic inflammatory process was caused by the recent vaccination cannot be stated with certainty; however, the temporal association between vaccination, symptom onset/progression, and death, and the literature which suggests a possible association between coronavirus vaccination and eosinophilic reactions leads to the conclusion that this death might have been related to an adverse reaction to COVID-19 vaccination.","PeriodicalId":36813,"journal":{"name":"Academic Forensic Pathology","volume":"13 1","pages":"9-15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10119868/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9381865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Postmortem Mitragynine Distribution in a Single Drug Fatality Case. 单个毒品致死病例中的尸检米曲宁分布。

Academic Forensic Pathology Pub Date : 2023-03-01 Epub Date: 2023-03-30 DOI: 10.1177/19253621231160417

Dani C Mata, Helen H Chang

{"title":"Postmortem Mitragynine Distribution in a Single Drug Fatality Case.","authors":"Dani C Mata, Helen H Chang","doi":"10.1177/19253621231160417","DOIUrl":"10.1177/19253621231160417","url":null,"abstract":"A 32-year-old Caucasian male was found unconscious at his sober-living home and pronounced dead after transportation to the emergency room. The decedent had a documented history of substance-use disorder and past suicide attempts, but according to his family, he was sober for the past year. Significant autopsy findings were cardiomegaly, hepatomegaly, congested lungs, cerebral edema, and obesity. The toxicology examination of blood and tissues using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry detected only mitragynine in the central blood (7.5 mg/L), peripheral blood (3.3 mg/L), liver (42.2 mg/kg), and gastric contents (33.1 mg). The qualitative identification of 7-hydroxymitragynine was performed only on the central blood. The pathologist ruled the cause of death acute mitragynine intoxication combined with cardiomegaly with left ventricular hypertrophy, with severe hepatomegaly and obesity listed as other significant conditions. The mode, or manner, of death was determined to be an accidental overdose. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first reported case where mitragynine was the only drug detected. This case study will contribute to the understanding of mitragynine-only death investigation and provide valuable toxicology information for medical examiners and pathologists.","PeriodicalId":36813,"journal":{"name":"Academic Forensic Pathology","volume":"13 1","pages":"34-40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10119863/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9388165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Prevalence of Imaging Detected Silent Male Breast Cancer in Autopsy Specimens: Study of the Disease Held by Image-Guided Biopsies. 尸检标本中影像学检测到的沉默男性乳腺癌的患病率：通过图像引导活组织检查发现疾病的研究。

Academic Forensic Pathology Pub Date : 2023-03-01 Epub Date: 2023-03-30 DOI: 10.1177/19253621231157504

Zacharoula Sidiropoulou, Ana Paula Vasconcelos, Cristiana Couceiro, Carlos Dos Santos, Ana Virginia Araújo, Inês Alegre, Claudia Santos, Filipa Costa, Diogo Cardoso, Vasco Cardoso, Rita Sampaio, Fátima Cardoso, Pere Gascon

{"title":"Prevalence of Imaging Detected Silent Male Breast Cancer in Autopsy Specimens: Study of the Disease Held by Image-Guided Biopsies.","authors":"Zacharoula Sidiropoulou, Ana Paula Vasconcelos, Cristiana Couceiro, Carlos Dos Santos, Ana Virginia Araújo, Inês Alegre, Claudia Santos, Filipa Costa, Diogo Cardoso, Vasco Cardoso, Rita Sampaio, Fátima Cardoso, Pere Gascon","doi":"10.1177/19253621231157504","DOIUrl":"10.1177/19253621231157504","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Regarding male breast cancer, a rare disease comprising ∼1% of breast cancers, data are generally scant. The present study aimed to quantify the imaging detected breast cancer in male gender corpses, determining in this way the prevalence of silent breast cancer in male gender.Methodology: The population target has been male corpses without clinical expression of breast cancer. Seventy-four male corpses have been submitted to bilateral subcutaneous radical mastectomy. Samples have been submitted to echography and mammography imaging and every lesion superior to BI-RADS 4a has been excised.Results: One excisional biopsy has been performed and no case of breast cancer has been identified.Discussion: Our findings suggest that screening of the general population for male breast cancer is not necessary.","PeriodicalId":36813,"journal":{"name":"Academic Forensic Pathology","volume":"13 1","pages":"16-33"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10119864/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9381867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Thanks to reviewers. 感谢评论者。

Academic Forensic Pathology Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1177/19253621231156645

引用次数: 0

Characteristics of Coronial Autopsy Cases in the London Area of the United Kingdom, Pre and Post COVID-19 Lockdown. COVID-19 封锁前后英国伦敦地区尸检案例的特征。

Academic Forensic Pathology Pub Date : 2023-03-01 Epub Date: 2023-04-18 DOI: 10.1177/19253621231160647

Alan W H Bates

{"title":"Characteristics of Coronial Autopsy Cases in the London Area of the United Kingdom, Pre and Post COVID-19 Lockdown.","authors":"Alan W H Bates","doi":"10.1177/19253621231160647","DOIUrl":"10.1177/19253621231160647","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: In order to reduce transmission of COVID-19, in March 2020 the UK national and devolved governments imposed restrictions including spatial distancing, stay-at-home orders, and travel restrictions. The aim of this study is to compare the characteristics of cases referred to the Coronial system for autopsy in the months before and during the lockdown period.Methods: In all, 580 autopsy cases, performed in the London area between January and June 2020 were included in the study.Results: In the postlockdown period, there was an increase in the proportion of black individuals referred for autopsy, which just attained statistical significance (p = 0.047). The proportion of decomposed bodies submitted for examination was significantly increased (p = 0.011). The study did not show a significant increase in the proportion of out-of-hospital (community) deaths, traumatic deaths, or deaths due to alcohol or drug abuse or overdose.Conclusion: The study shows no evidence that COVID-19 preventative measures led to a change in the causes of death referred to the Coroner, except, of course, for COVID-related deaths. The proportion of black people among subjects for autopsy increased, probably because of a relatively higher incidence of COVID deaths among this group. Decomposed subjects were more common, probably due to social isolation.","PeriodicalId":36813,"journal":{"name":"Academic Forensic Pathology","volume":"13 1","pages":"3-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10119866/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9388168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Post-Mortem Diagnosis of a Rare Case of Massive Nodular Pulmonary Amyloidosis in a Forensic Setting. 法医对一例罕见的大结节性肺淀粉样变性的死后诊断

Academic Forensic Pathology Pub Date : 2023-03-01 Epub Date: 2023-04-18 DOI: 10.1177/19253621231164023

Stefano Tambuzzi, Guendalina Gentile, Michele Boracchi, Laura Marasciuolo, Riccardo Zoja

引用次数: 0

Fatal Enteral Nutritional Hydrothorax Resulting From Aberrant Placement of a Nasogastric Tube Without Perforation of the Tracheobronchial Tree or Esophagus: A Case Report and Review. 未穿孔气管支气管树或食道的鼻胃管放置异常导致致死性肠内营养性胸水1例报告及回顾。

Academic Forensic Pathology Pub Date : 2022-12-01 Epub Date: 2022-11-18 DOI: 10.1177/19253621221137226

Kylie N Schindler, Amanda J Youmans

引用次数: 0