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PECULIARITIES AND PROBLEMS OF MEASURING THE LEVEL OF DEMOCRATIC ELECTIONS 衡量民主选举水平的特点和问题
Balkan Social Science Review Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.46763/bssr2321105b
M. Buchyn
{"title":"PECULIARITIES AND PROBLEMS OF MEASURING THE LEVEL OF DEMOCRATIC ELECTIONS","authors":"M. Buchyn","doi":"10.46763/bssr2321105b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46763/bssr2321105b","url":null,"abstract":"Having analyzed the main approaches to measuring the level of democracy, the author convincingly shows that significant attention in such methods is paid to elections as one of the key attributes, indicators and catalysts of democracy, but there are no separate scientific tools for measuring the level of democratic elections. The author concludes that, by analogy, it is possible to develop a scientific toolkit for determining the level of democratic elections. The author introduces the concept of the \"Index of democratic elections\", which has a three-level structure: the first level – is democratic principles of elections; the second level – is indicators of democratic elections; and the third level – is components of indicators of democratic elections. The author's method of calculating the level of democratic elections is relative in nature and is defined as the ratio between the ideal model of democratic elections and the existing model of a specific election campaign. The author's proposed method of calculating the level of democratic elections involves taking into account both the state of electoral legislation and the features of electoral practice and can be effectively used to measure the level of democratic elections in transitional (transit) democracies.","PeriodicalId":36799,"journal":{"name":"Balkan Social Science Review","volume":"96 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80564352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
REVISITING HALLIN AND MANCINI'S MEDIA MODEL: ALBANIA AND KOSOVO 重新审视哈林和曼奇尼的媒体模式:阿尔巴尼亚和科索沃
Balkan Social Science Review Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.46763/bssr2321235s
Hasan Saliu, Ardita Reçi, Gazmend Abrashi
{"title":"REVISITING HALLIN AND MANCINI'S MEDIA MODEL: ALBANIA AND KOSOVO","authors":"Hasan Saliu, Ardita Reçi, Gazmend Abrashi","doi":"10.46763/bssr2321235s","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46763/bssr2321235s","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to examine the professional standards of journalists in Albania and Kosovo to determine the relevance of Hallin and Mancini's media system in the age of digital journalism and social media. This is because the media system continues to be an important analytical tool for understanding the fundamental characteristics of national media and comparing media sectors across countries. A qualitative method was utilized to elucidate this, with semi-structured interviews performed with 22 television and digital journalism editors and journalists, as well as social media managers in Albania and Kosovo. The findings indicate that although television stations continue to target traditional audiences using professional journalism standards, journalists in digital journalism and social media compromise on professional standards to give the public what they want. Although Hallin and Mancini’s media system as an analytical framework for evaluating media models remains useful, the criteria for evaluating them should be changed in light of changes in the media environment over the last two decades.","PeriodicalId":36799,"journal":{"name":"Balkan Social Science Review","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82022930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A PRACTICAL AND ANALYTICAL APPROACH TO THE ALBANIAN MECHANISM FOR VIOLATION OF REASONABLE LENGTH REQUIREMENT IN JUDICIAL PROCEEDINGS 对阿尔巴尼亚在司法程序中违反合理篇幅要求的机制的实际和分析方法
Balkan Social Science Review Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.46763/bssr2321045r
Jonida Rystemaj, Asim Vokshi
{"title":"A PRACTICAL AND ANALYTICAL APPROACH TO THE ALBANIAN MECHANISM FOR VIOLATION OF REASONABLE LENGTH REQUIREMENT IN JUDICIAL PROCEEDINGS","authors":"Jonida Rystemaj, Asim Vokshi","doi":"10.46763/bssr2321045r","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46763/bssr2321045r","url":null,"abstract":"In Albania, a major constitutional reform took place in 2016 that aimed at strengthening the independence and accountability of the judiciary and had, as its main pillar, the vetting process for judges and prosecutors. Other major interventions were ratified following the constitutional amendments that aimed at securing speedy procedures before the courts. Therefore, amendments to the Code of Civil Procedure were envisaged and introduced a mechanism to give impetus to accelerating the judicial proceedings. This article will mainly address the effectiveness of this instrument and the behavior of the courts towards claims based on that mechanism. This analysis will be conducted in the current setting of the Albanian judiciary which is facing a considerable backlog of cases. Through an analytical approach and examination of jurisprudence, the authors suggest that this mechanism is designed to work in a normal situation where courts are adequately equipped with human resources, both judges and aiding staff.","PeriodicalId":36799,"journal":{"name":"Balkan Social Science Review","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87223132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
THE CONSTITUTIONAL CHARACTER OF THE ECHR: OVERVIEW, CHALLENGES IN IMPLEMENTATION AND LIMITATIONS 《欧洲人权公约》的宪法性质:概述、执行中的挑战和限制
Balkan Social Science Review Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.46763/bssr2220027s
V. Stefanovska
{"title":"THE CONSTITUTIONAL CHARACTER OF THE ECHR: OVERVIEW, CHALLENGES IN IMPLEMENTATION AND LIMITATIONS","authors":"V. Stefanovska","doi":"10.46763/bssr2220027s","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46763/bssr2220027s","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36799,"journal":{"name":"Balkan Social Science Review","volume":"179 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76997452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
AUDITING ENGAGEMENT VS. CLIENT BOARD GENDER DIVERSITY AND INDEPENDENCE – ARE THERE ANY RELATIONSHIPS? 审计业务与客户董事会性别多样性和独立性之间是否存在关系?
Balkan Social Science Review Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.46763/bssr2219205k
G. Knežević, Vladan Pavlović, Radica Bojičić
{"title":"AUDITING ENGAGEMENT VS. CLIENT BOARD GENDER DIVERSITY AND INDEPENDENCE – ARE THERE ANY RELATIONSHIPS?","authors":"G. Knežević, Vladan Pavlović, Radica Bojičić","doi":"10.46763/bssr2219205k","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46763/bssr2219205k","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this paper is to answer the question of whether corporate governance in terms of gender structure of client corporate boards and CEO duality impact client's incentive and ability to engage in high-qualityaudit in companies a year before the Covid outbreak. Private and public corporations are included in the sample and statistical analysis is applied on auditor reports and client board characteristics (gender and independence) to find the existing relationships. The study revealed that client boards are more male-dominated, with much of them having CEO duality experience and therefore more being prone to engage a local auditor, much less to engage an international auditor, and reports are signed by a male auditor in more of the cases. Results also support the fact that auditing companies have been paying attention to gender issues with half of the auditors signing the report being female. It was found that gender composition of client board and CEO duality and audit opinion are not interrelated which is in line with other studies. The paper extends the growing literature on the linkage between audit quality board characteristics and it overcomes the limitation observed in previous studies by testing the idea that gender and independence are variables of primary influence on auditor engagement. © 2022, Goce Delchev University of Shtip. All rights reserved.","PeriodicalId":36799,"journal":{"name":"Balkan Social Science Review","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90401954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
THE CULTURE OF COMMUNICATIVE PARTICIPATION OF YOUTH IN POLAND, ARMENIA AND RUSSIA FOR THE URBAN DEVELOPMENT: RESEARCH RESULTS 波兰、亚美尼亚和俄罗斯青年交往参与文化对城市发展的影响:研究结果
Balkan Social Science Review Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.46763/bssr2220181p
M. Pevnaya, G. Bannykh, A. Tarasova
{"title":"THE CULTURE OF COMMUNICATIVE PARTICIPATION OF YOUTH IN POLAND, ARMENIA AND RUSSIA FOR THE URBAN DEVELOPMENT: RESEARCH RESULTS","authors":"M. Pevnaya, G. Bannykh, A. Tarasova","doi":"10.46763/bssr2220181p","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46763/bssr2220181p","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36799,"journal":{"name":"Balkan Social Science Review","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76931800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
COPYRIGHT PROTECTION OF PHOTOGRAPHS PUBLISHED ON SOCIAL MEDIA THROUGH THE COURT PRACTICE IN NORTH MACEDONIA 北马其顿通过法院实践对社交媒体上发布的照片进行版权保护
Balkan Social Science Review Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.46763/bssr2219007p
Ana Pepeljugoska, Angela Jankoska
{"title":"COPYRIGHT PROTECTION OF PHOTOGRAPHS PUBLISHED ON SOCIAL MEDIA THROUGH THE COURT PRACTICE IN NORTH MACEDONIA","authors":"Ana Pepeljugoska, Angela Jankoska","doi":"10.46763/bssr2219007p","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46763/bssr2219007p","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36799,"journal":{"name":"Balkan Social Science Review","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73728588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
INVOLVEMENT OF THE MANAGEMENT BOARD IN PRIVATE LAW PRE-BANKRUPTCY RELATIONS 管理委员会在破产前私法关系中的介入
Balkan Social Science Review Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.46763/bssr2220061m
L. Mastilovič, Davor Trlin
{"title":"INVOLVEMENT OF THE MANAGEMENT BOARD IN PRIVATE LAW PRE-BANKRUPTCY RELATIONS","authors":"L. Mastilovič, Davor Trlin","doi":"10.46763/bssr2220061m","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46763/bssr2220061m","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36799,"journal":{"name":"Balkan Social Science Review","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74814843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
STANDARD OF PROOF AND RUSSIAN PROCEDURE LAW: UNKNOWN OR WELL-KNOWN? 举证标准与俄罗斯程序法:未知还是已知?
Balkan Social Science Review Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.46763/bssr2219089s
N. Sidorova, N. Platonova, I. Vasilyev
{"title":"STANDARD OF PROOF AND RUSSIAN PROCEDURE LAW: UNKNOWN OR WELL-KNOWN?","authors":"N. Sidorova, N. Platonova, I. Vasilyev","doi":"10.46763/bssr2219089s","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46763/bssr2219089s","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36799,"journal":{"name":"Balkan Social Science Review","volume":"55 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83579214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
IMPACT OF CHANGE OF MANDATORY RULES FOR THE ENFORCEMENT OF CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS 强制性规则变更对执行合同义务的影响
Balkan Social Science Review Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.46763/bssr2219025j
Vaidas Jurkevičius, Greta Vaidilaite
{"title":"IMPACT OF CHANGE OF MANDATORY RULES FOR THE ENFORCEMENT OF CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS","authors":"Vaidas Jurkevičius, Greta Vaidilaite","doi":"10.46763/bssr2219025j","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46763/bssr2219025j","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36799,"journal":{"name":"Balkan Social Science Review","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87133563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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