Russian Neurological Journal最新文献_第3页

Botulinum therapy for facial nerve disorders in Russia 俄罗斯的肉毒杆菌疗法治疗面神经疾病

Russian Neurological Journal Pub Date : 2024-01-08 DOI: 10.30629/2658-7947-2023-28-6-34-40

O. Orlova, M. A. Akulov, P. N. Iakovleva, D. Krasavina

引用次数: 0

Phantom limb pain: actual concepts of pathophysiology and therapeutic targets 幻肢痛：病理生理学和治疗目标的实际概念

Russian Neurological Journal Pub Date : 2024-01-08 DOI: 10.30629/2658-7947-2023-28-6-4-10

M. V. Ivkina, O. A. Mokienko

{"title":"Phantom limb pain: actual concepts of pathophysiology and therapeutic targets","authors":"M. V. Ivkina, O. A. Mokienko","doi":"10.30629/2658-7947-2023-28-6-4-10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30629/2658-7947-2023-28-6-4-10","url":null,"abstract":"In the review, we present the main pathogenetic mechanisms of the development of phantom limb pain (PLP) after limb amputation, the prevalence of which can reach 87%. The exact mechanism of PLP remains unknown. The involvement of peripheral and central mechanisms of the formation of PLP is assumed. Peripheral mechanisms include increased excitability and the formation of ectopic activity in the amputation neuromas and in the ganglion cells of the dorsal roots of the spinal cord. The central mechanisms are represented by central sensitization in the dorsal horns of the spinal cord with the development of the “wind up” phenomenon, reorganization processes in the thalamus and cortex with thalamic and cortical remapping, and proprioceptive memory. Also signiﬁcant is the neuromatrix theory, the reduction of feedback from the visual and other sensory systems after deaﬀerentation. PLP therapy methods focused on central mechanisms are: spinal cord stimulation, transcutaneous electrical neurostimulation, deep brain stimulation, non-invasive and invasive methods of cerebral cortex stimulation, mirror therapy, virtual and augmented reality technologies, movement representation and its modiﬁcation “phantom exercises”. In addition, pharmacologic treatment options based on PLP mechanisms can be used: NMDA receptor antagonists, anticonvulsants, tricyclic antidepressants, opioids.","PeriodicalId":36724,"journal":{"name":"Russian Neurological Journal","volume":"13 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139445744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Exploring avenues for Alzheimer’s drugs: current status and future outlook 探索阿尔茨海默氏症药物的途径：现状与未来展望

Russian Neurological Journal Pub Date : 2024-01-08 DOI: 10.30629/2658-7947-2023-28-6-19-33

K. Rathi, R. Wavhale, V. Undale V., R. Bhole, S. Dherange

引用次数: 0

Topical issues of nutritional support for patients with acute cerebrovascular accident 急性脑血管意外患者营养支持的热点问题

Russian Neurological Journal Pub Date : 2024-01-08 DOI: 10.30629/2658-7947-2023-28-6-67-76

S. E. Сhuprina, N. A. Zhigulskaya

{"title":"Topical issues of nutritional support for patients with acute cerebrovascular accident","authors":"S. E. Сhuprina, N. A. Zhigulskaya","doi":"10.30629/2658-7947-2023-28-6-67-76","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30629/2658-7947-2023-28-6-67-76","url":null,"abstract":"The incidence of malnutrition in stroke patients varies widely and amounts to 6.1–62%. Risk factors for malnutrition in stroke patients are diverse and include the type and severity of stroke, gender, age, dysphagia, cognitive impairment, polysensory insuﬃciency, severe comorbid conditions, lack of adequate care, etc. At the same time, both the previous and the malnutrition that developed as a result of the stroke is the reason for a longer stay in the hospital, deterioration of functional results and an increase in mortality rates. The metabolic response to stress in stroke patients is represented by the hypermetabolism-hypercatabolism syndrome and is an essential component of the systemic inﬂammatory response, the development and progression of which leads to infectious complications, multiple organ dysfunction, increased hospitalization and increased mortality. Currently, clinical nutrition, or nutritional support (NS), is considered not only as a process of providing the body with energy and plastic material for the prevention and treatment of malnutrition, but also as an opportunity to inﬂuence structural, functional and metabolic processes in order to increase the adaptive reserves of the body, which is necessary for the recovery and rehabilitation of patients. The objectives of this review are the analysis of modern scientiﬁc data on clinical nutrition strategies and the development of an optimal algorithm of actions for the implementation of NS in clinical practice in the treatment and rehabilitation of stroke patients.","PeriodicalId":36724,"journal":{"name":"Russian Neurological Journal","volume":"48 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139446528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dystonia syndrome as the onset of stroke 中风起病的肌张力障碍综合征

Russian Neurological Journal Pub Date : 2024-01-08 DOI: 10.30629/2658-7947-2023-28-6-51-55

L. B. Zavaliy, G. R. Ramazanov, S. Petrikov

引用次数: 0

The necessity of nutritional support for patients at the second stage of neurorehabilitation: problems and solutions 神经康复第二阶段患者营养支持的必要性：问题与解决方案

Russian Neurological Journal Pub Date : 2024-01-08 DOI: 10.30629/2658-7947-2023-28-6-62-66

V. Ondar, O. N. Nikolskaya, T. D. Koriagina, I. A. Rybak, S. E. Dolgin, S. A. Bykova, V. I. Razvalyaeva, E. P. Poplyuikova

{"title":"The necessity of nutritional support for patients at the second stage of neurorehabilitation: problems and solutions","authors":"V. Ondar, O. N. Nikolskaya, T. D. Koriagina, I. A. Rybak, S. E. Dolgin, S. A. Bykova, V. I. Razvalyaeva, E. P. Poplyuikova","doi":"10.30629/2658-7947-2023-28-6-62-66","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30629/2658-7947-2023-28-6-62-66","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this research was to demonstrate the relevance of personalised nutritional support for patients at the 2nd stage of neurorehabilitation. The study involved work with patients in the neurorehabilitation. The nutritional status of the patient was assessed according to the data of protein fractions. Individual calculation of calorie intake was performed via the Harris–Benedict formula. The observation has established the necessity of application of the “Nutritional status assessment scale” for all patients entering the neurorehabilitation course. An algorithm for patient examination in nutritional deﬁciency has been tested: evaluation of protein fractions, calculation of calories intake with determination of the amount of proteins, fats and carbohydrates.Conclusion. It is quite diﬃcult to calculate energy expenditure in the process of neurorehabilitation for every manipulation. However, through application of the common standard of nutritional status assessment for patients on admission, it is possible to distinguish the patients requiring nutritional support. This will make it possible to avoid development of protein deﬁciency and “exhaustion” of patients in the process of the sessions.","PeriodicalId":36724,"journal":{"name":"Russian Neurological Journal","volume":"56 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139447367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Phantom limb pain: actual concepts of pathophysiology and treatment methods from the standpoint of evidence-based medicine 幻肢痛：从循证医学的角度看病理生理学和治疗方法的实际概念

Russian Neurological Journal Pub Date : 2024-01-08 DOI: 10.30629/2658-7947-2023-28-6-11-18

O. A. Mokienko, M. V. Ivkina

{"title":"Phantom limb pain: actual concepts of pathophysiology and treatment methods from the standpoint of evidence-based medicine","authors":"O. A. Mokienko, M. V. Ivkina","doi":"10.30629/2658-7947-2023-28-6-11-18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30629/2658-7947-2023-28-6-11-18","url":null,"abstract":"Rationale. Despite a large number of studies on the eﬀectiveness of various pharmacological and non- pharmacological therapies, PLP treatment tactics have not yet been developed, which is largely due to the complex mechanism of the formation of this pathology. Although PLP is classiﬁed as neuropathic pain, standard methods of neuropathic pain therapy are not always eﬀective for this syndrome. To optimize the regimens of existing methods of PLP treatment, as well as the search and clinical trials of new therapeutic approaches, it is necessary to take into account the currently available evidence base.Material and methods. Our analysis included publications on phantom pain treatment methods with a high level of evidence (randomized controlled trials, systematic reviews and meta-analyses). Literature search was performed in Medline PubMed and eLIBRARY systems.Results. The review provides an evidence base for pharmacotherapy methods (opioids, NMDA-receptor antagonists, tricyclic antidepressants, anticonvulsants, local anesthetics), for methods based on the phantom illusion (mirror therapy, motion representation, virtual reality), for non-invasive (transcutaneous electrical neurostimulation, transcranial magnetic stimulation, transcranial electrical stimulation) and invasive (deep brain stimulation, motor cortex stimulation, spinal cord stimulation, dorsal root ganglion stimulation) neuromodulation. Data on the most studied dosing regimens of diﬀerent methods of pharmacological and non-pharmacological therapy are presented.","PeriodicalId":36724,"journal":{"name":"Russian Neurological Journal","volume":"59 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139446845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Idiopathic Harlequin syndrome. 特发性哈勒金综合征

Russian Neurological Journal Pub Date : 2023-11-26 DOI: 10.30629/2658-7947-2023-28-5-67-70

V. Voitenkov, V. Komantsev, E. Ekusheva, V. Y. Romanenko, M. A. Irikova

引用次数: 0

Experience of reperfusion therapy of ischemic stroke in the Regional Stroke Center 地区卒中中心的缺血性中风再灌注治疗经验

Russian Neurological Journal Pub Date : 2023-11-26 DOI: 10.30629/2658-7947-2023-28-5-52-59

S. Kazakov, D. Plotnikov, D. A. Pavlushkina, A. Kanev, E. M. Kamenskikh, V. Alifirova

{"title":"Experience of reperfusion therapy of ischemic stroke in the Regional Stroke Center","authors":"S. Kazakov, D. Plotnikov, D. A. Pavlushkina, A. Kanev, E. M. Kamenskikh, V. Alifirova","doi":"10.30629/2658-7947-2023-28-5-52-59","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30629/2658-7947-2023-28-5-52-59","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Modern methods of recanalization — systemic thrombolytic therapy (STT) and mechanical thrombectomy (MT) — allow restoring blood fl ow in the brain tissue in ischemic stroke (IS).Purpose of the study: to analyze the effectiveness of IS reperfusion therapy methods used in the Regional Stroke Center (RSC) of the Tomsk Regional Clinical Hospital from 2017 to 2022.Material and methods. A retrospective evaluation of 666 analyzed cases of specific therapy for IS was performed: 505 cases of STT (67 [59.0; 75.0] years), 126 cases of MT (69 [60.5; 77.5] years), 35 cases a combination of STT followed by MT (69 [63.0; 76.7] years).Results. The severity of neurological deficit according to the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) before the intervention was greater in the MT and STT + MT groups (18 [14.0; 25.0] and 18 [14.5; 20.0] points) relative to patients who received STT (11 [8.0; 16.0] and 4 [2.0; 10.0]). Mortality in the MTE group was (64/127, 50.8%) and was higher compared to patients who received STT (104/505, 20.6%, p < 0.001). In the group of patients who underwent combined intervention with STT + MT (9/27, 25.7%), there was a trend towards lower mortality (p = 0.050) compared with isolated MT.Conclusion. A trend towards fewer deaths was found when using a combined intervention in the treatment of IS compared with isolated MT, which may indicate a higher effi ciency of bridging-therapy.","PeriodicalId":36724,"journal":{"name":"Russian Neurological Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139236329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ocular myasthenia gravis and blepharospasm: similarities and differences 眼肌痉挛和眼睑痉挛：相似之处和不同之处

Russian Neurological Journal Pub Date : 2023-11-26 DOI: 10.30629/2658-7947-2023-28-5-60-66

Z. A. Zalyalova, I. F. Khafizova, N. A. Popova

引用次数: 0