Becoming CreativePub Date : 2018-11-22DOI: 10.1093/OSO/9780199365173.003.0004
Juniper Hill
{"title":"Accessing the Opportunity, Permission, and Authority to Become Creative","authors":"Juniper Hill","doi":"10.1093/OSO/9780199365173.003.0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/OSO/9780199365173.003.0004","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter examines how and why individuals are granted or denied access to opportunities, permission, and authority to develop and to work as creative music makers. Musicians’ access to these enablers is affected by numerous power dynamics within their communities and societies. Learning opportunities are restricted by social inequalities at multiple levels. Systematic racial and economic oppression stemming from apartheid, colonialism, and neoliberalism leads to unequal access to resources. Gatekeepers, educators, and learners themselves can internalize prejudices and perceptions about limited potential. Professional opportunities are influenced by commercial pressures and by socialist and neoliberal governmental policies. Musical communities further allow or prohibit certain styles and practices according to their moral values, ethnocultural identities, and political agendas. Communities may also grant or deny degrees of creative authority to individuals according to their social status. The chapter discusses strategies for addressing internalized mores, the policing of idiomatic boundaries, and prejudice in assessment and curriculum.","PeriodicalId":367057,"journal":{"name":"Becoming Creative","volume":"336 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115701472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Becoming CreativePub Date : 2018-11-22DOI: 10.1093/OSO/9780199365173.003.0002
Juniper Hill
{"title":"Developing Creativity-Enabling Skills","authors":"Juniper Hill","doi":"10.1093/OSO/9780199365173.003.0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/OSO/9780199365173.003.0002","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter examines six skill sets for enabling creativity that are important across multiple music cultures: physical technique, aural skills, vocabulary and memory facility, syntax tools, decision-making skills, and self-assessment skills. The extent to which musicians develop and are able to employ these skills correlates with their learning experiences. Social environment, values, and belief systems shape different learning approaches. The natures of human memory and oral culture further interact to facilitate creativity-enabling skill development. Valuable insights are drawn from the experiences of classical, jazz, and traditional musicians in South Africa, Finland, and the United States. Formal and informal music education, authoritarian and learner-directed teaching, emphasis on obedience and student agency, and reliance on notation and playing by ear all have long-term consequences for creative development.","PeriodicalId":367057,"journal":{"name":"Becoming Creative","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126243304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Becoming CreativePub Date : 2018-11-22DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780199365173.003.0005
Juniper Hill
{"title":"Overcoming Inhibitors of Creativity","authors":"Juniper Hill","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780199365173.003.0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199365173.003.0005","url":null,"abstract":"Restrictions on creativity are numerous and operate at ideological, psychological, educational, cultural, societal, and economic levels. This chapter examines approaches that musicians from different cultures found to be effective for overcoming inhibitors and enhancing creative agency. Key factors in formal courses, community music, and music therapy programs are safety, emotional support, compositional scaffolding, improvisation, experimentalism, multiple modes of expression, exposure, high expectations, validation, and the transgression of comfort zones. The personal journeys of several individual musicians are shared. Their transformative experiences involved switching to a new instrument, new idiom, new teacher, new institution, and/or new location; taking up other art forms; undergoing therapy and/or bodywork; and finding mentors and/or supportive collaborators. There is no single formula for increasing creativity; however, a better understanding of what creativity is and what its principal enablers and inhibitors are can help indicate which strategies might be most effective in individual circumstances.","PeriodicalId":367057,"journal":{"name":"Becoming Creative","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130498532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Becoming CreativePub Date : 2018-11-22DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780199365173.003.0003
Juniper Hill
{"title":"Developing Psychological Enablers and Inhibitors of Creativity","authors":"Juniper Hill","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780199365173.003.0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199365173.003.0003","url":null,"abstract":"In this chapter classical, jazz, and traditional musicians from Cape Town to Helsinki to Los Angeles express how psychological factors can lead to major hurdles in being creative. Two main psychological inhibitors are anxiety and self-perception of lacking potential, which impact motivation at four levels. Multiple sociocultural factors can influence an individual’s anxiety level, self-image, and motivation. The chapter analyzes how these psychological enablers and inhibitors of creativity are shaped by (1) different cultures’ beliefs about talent and potential; (2) identification and relationships with role models, mentors, and peers; (3) formal assessment by authority figures, informal feedback from peers, and self-judgment; and (4) values and attitudes related to perfectionism, making mistakes, and originality.","PeriodicalId":367057,"journal":{"name":"Becoming Creative","volume":"98 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134018876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Becoming CreativePub Date : 2018-11-22DOI: 10.1093/OSO/9780199365173.003.0001
Juniper Hill
{"title":"Interpreting Creative Experience across Diverse Musical Communities","authors":"Juniper Hill","doi":"10.1093/OSO/9780199365173.003.0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/OSO/9780199365173.003.0001","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter introduces creativity as a fundamental human desire and activity that is culturally embedded and socially regulated. Examples are drawn from classical, jazz, and traditional musicians in Cape Town, Helsinki, and Los Angeles. Conducting in-depth qualitative research among such diverse communities poses methodological challenges but also reveals rich insights. The chapter proposes a model of creativity based on these musicians’ experiences and discusses the components of generativity, agency, interaction, nonconformity, recycling, and flow. It theorizes why societies do not always value creativity and how they regulate it, addressing issues of power, punishment, socially induced emotions, motivation, and morality. Common enablers and inhibitors of creativity are introduced. Classical, jazz, and traditional music scenes in Cape Town, Helsinki, and Los Angeles are compared and contrasted.","PeriodicalId":367057,"journal":{"name":"Becoming Creative","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114613637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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