Campbell Systematic Reviews最新文献

{"title":"Evidence and Gap Map of Whole-School Interventions Promoting Mental Health and Preventing Risk Behaviours in Adolescence: Programme Component Mapping Within the Health-Promoting Schools Framework: An evidence and gap map","authors":"Roshini Balasooriya Lekamge, Ria Jain, Jenny Sheen, Pravik Solanki, Yida Zhou, Lorena Romero, Margaret M. Barry, Leo Chen, Md Nazmul Karim, Dragan Ilic","doi":"10.1002/cl2.70024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cl2.70024","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Adolescence is a vulnerable period for the onset of mental disorders and risk behaviours. Whole-school interventions hold vast potential in improving mental health and preventing risk behaviours in this developmentally-sensitive cohort. Modelled on the World Health Organisation's Health-Promoting Schools Framework, whole-school interventions aspire for change across eight domains: (i) school curriculum, (ii) school social-emotional environment, (iii) school physical environment, (iv) school governance and leadership, (v) school policies and resources, (vi) school and community partnerships, (vii) school health services and (viii) government policies and resources. Through embodying a systems-based approach and involving the key stakeholders in an adolescent's life, including their peers, parents and teachers, whole-school interventions are theoretically more likely than other forms of school-based approaches to improve adolescent mental health and prevent risk behaviours. However, vague operationalisation of what is to be implemented, how and by whom presents challenges for stakeholders in identifying concrete actions for the eight domains and thus in realising the potential of the Framework. Mapping how whole-school interventions operationalise the eight domains enables appraisal of current practice against the recommendations of the Health-Promoting Schools Framework. This facilitates identification of critical evidence gaps in need of research, with the aim of fostering optimal translation of the Framework into practice to promote mental health and prevent risk behaviours in adolescence. Our EGM's objective was to map how randomised controlled trials of whole-school interventions promoting mental health and preventing risk behaviours in adolescence addressed the eight domains of a whole-school approach. Our EGM was conducted in accordance with a pre-registered protocol (PROSPERO ID: CRD42023491619). Eight scientific databases were searched: Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid Embase, Ovid PsycINFO, Ovid Emcare, CINAHL, ERIC, CENTRAL and Scopus. Expert-recommended sources of the grey literature were also searched, including the Blueprints for Healthy Youth Development registry of evidence-based positive youth development programmes and the SAMHSA Evidence-Based Practice Resource Centre. To be included in our EGM, studies had to involve randomised controlled trials or cluster randomised controlled trials comprising students aged 12 to 18. Interventions had to demonstrate a whole-school approach promoting mental health and/or preventing risk behaviours, including at least one program component addressing each of the curriculum-, ethos and environment-, and community-levels of a whole-school approach. Studies had to include an active or inactive comparator. Studies had to report on at least one of the mental health and/or risk behaviour outcomes detailed in the WHO-UNICEF Helping Adolescents Thrive Initiative, which includes positive mental health, mental disor","PeriodicalId":36698,"journal":{"name":"Campbell Systematic Reviews","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cl2.70024","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143581323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protocol: Food Environment, Food Choice, Diets, and Nutrition Outcomes of Pastoralists in Africa: Scoping Review Protocol","authors":"Esther Omosa,&nbsp;Francoise Cattaneo,&nbsp;Matthew Kibbee,&nbsp;Paula Dominguez-Salas,&nbsp;Natasha Bishop,&nbsp;Inge D. Brouwer","doi":"10.1002/cl2.70030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cl2.70030","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This is the Campbell scoping review. The objectives are as follows: (i) To define and characterize the food environment of pastoralists in Africa; (ii) To identify the domains of the food environment that have been studied in pastoralist settings in Africa; (iii) To assess the relationship between the food environment and food choice, dietary intake, and nutrition outcomes among pastoralists in Africa; and (iv) To map the study designs, methods, and geographical coverage of the studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":36698,"journal":{"name":"Campbell Systematic Reviews","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cl2.70030","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143581527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PROTOCOL: Interventions to Promote Inclusive Governance for Underserved Population in Sub-Saharan Africa: An Evidence and Gap Map","authors":"Clarice Panyin Nyan,&nbsp;Sheila Agyemang Oppong,&nbsp;Takyiwaa Manuh,&nbsp;David Sarfo Ameyaw","doi":"10.1002/cl2.70025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cl2.70025","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This Protocol for an Evidence and Gap Map (EGM) aims to identify, map, and provide an overview of the existing evidence and gaps in inclusive governance interventions for underserved populations in sub-Saharan Africa. The specific objectives are as follows: (1) identify evidence clusters that present opportunities for evidence synthesis and (2) identify evidence gaps that require additional studies, research, and evaluations.</p>","PeriodicalId":36698,"journal":{"name":"Campbell Systematic Reviews","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cl2.70025","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143571337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PROTOCOL: Mutual Help Organizations to Support Recovery Among Individuals Who Use Drugs: A Systematic Review Protocol","authors":"Emily A. Hennessy,&nbsp;Brandon G. Bergman,&nbsp;Leonard Levine,&nbsp;Jenny O'Connor,&nbsp;Morgan Klein,&nbsp;John F. Kelly","doi":"10.1002/cl2.70021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cl2.70021","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This is the protocol for a Campbell systematic review. The objectives are as follows: (1) What kinds of mutual-help organizations for drug use disorders have been studied with evidence available in the empirical literature? (2) What is the nature of the evidence with regard to the different types of mutual-help organizations?—(a) To what extent are these entities shown to help initiate, sustain, and enhance rates of remission from drug use disorders and improve other functional outcomes when the available evidence is subjected to rigorous scientific scrutiny? (b) To what extent do different mutual-help organizations confer differential benefit and to whom, how, and over what period? (c) To what extent have cost benefit or cost effectiveness studies indicated that these entities are cost-effective?</p>","PeriodicalId":36698,"journal":{"name":"Campbell Systematic Reviews","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cl2.70021","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143535993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protocol: Attitudinal Factors Related to the Use of Digital Technologies in Health by Older Adults: Protocol for an Overview of Reviews: A Systematic Review","authors":"Elzbieta Bobrowicz-Campos,&nbsp;Cristina Camilo,&nbsp;Guilherme Galhardo Pinheiro","doi":"10.1002/cl2.70022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cl2.70022","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This is the protocol for a Campbell systematic review. The objective is as follows: to consolidate the available evidence on attitudinal aspects related to the utilisation of digital technologies in health among older adults. More specifically, we will summarise and systematise the existing reviews findings to identify attitudinal factors that interfere with the use of digital technologies in health in advanced age and to determine whether these factors act as facilitators or barriers. We will also compare the influence of attitudinal factors on technology use behaviour, considering the type of technology in question, and the purpose and context of its use. The overview of reviews questions are the following: (1) What are the attitudinal factors related to the use of digital technologies in health by older adults? (2) Which of these factors facilitate the use of digital technologies in health, and which make it difficult? (3) Are the attitudinal factors that facilitate and make difficult the use of digital technologies in health different for different types of technologies? (4) Are the attitudinal factors that facilitate and make difficult the use of digital technologies in health different for different purposes and contexts of use of these technologies?</p>","PeriodicalId":36698,"journal":{"name":"Campbell Systematic Reviews","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cl2.70022","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143497308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of interventions for improving educational outcomes for people with disabilities in low- and middle-income countries: A systematic review","authors":"Xanthe Hunt,&nbsp;Ashrita Saran,&nbsp;Howard White,&nbsp;Hannah Kuper","doi":"10.1002/cl2.70016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cl2.70016","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Background&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;People with disabilities are consistently falling behind in educational outcomes compared to their peers without disabilities, whether measured in terms of school enrolment, school completion, mean years of schooling, or literacy levels. These inequalities in education contribute to people with disabilities being less likely to achieve employment, or earn as much if they are employed, as people without disabilities. Evidence suggests that the gap in educational attainment for people with and without disabilities is greatest in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Exclusion of people with disabilities from mainstream education, and low rates of participation in education of any kind, are important issues for global equity. Interventions which might have a positive impact include those that improve educational outcomes for people with disabilities, whether delivered in specialist or inclusive education settings. Such interventions involve a wide range of initiatives, from those focused on the individual level – such as teaching assistance to make mainstream classes more accessible to children with specific learning needs – to those which address policy or advocacy.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Objectives&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;The objectives of this review were to answer the following research questions: (1) What is the nature of the interventions used to support education for people with disabilities in LMICs? (2) What is the size and quality of the evidence base of the effectiveness of interventions to improve educational outcomes for people with disabilities in LMICs? (3) What works to improve educational outcomes for people with disabilities in LMICs? (4) Which interventions appear to be most effective for different types of disability? (5) What are the barriers and facilitators to the improvement of educational outcomes for people with disabilities? (6) Is there evidence of cumulative effects of interventions?&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Search Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;The search for studies followed two steps. Firstly, we conducted an electronic search of databases and sector-specific websites. Then, after initial screening, we examined the reference lists of all identified reviews and screened the cited studies for inclusion. We also conducted a forward search and an ancestral search. No restrictions in terms of date or format were placed on the search, but only English-language publications were eligible for inclusion.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Selection Criteria&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;In our review, we included studies on the ba","PeriodicalId":36698,"journal":{"name":"Campbell Systematic Reviews","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cl2.70016","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143248699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Critical appraisal of methodological quality and completeness of reporting in Chinese social science systematic reviews with meta-analysis: A systematic review","authors":"Liping Guo,&nbsp;Sarah Miller,&nbsp;Wenjie Zhou,&nbsp;Zhipeng Wei,&nbsp;Junjie Ren,&nbsp;Xinyu Huang,&nbsp;Xin Xing,&nbsp;Howard White,&nbsp;Kehu Yang","doi":"10.1002/cl2.70014","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cl2.70014","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Background&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;A systematic review is a type of literature review that uses rigorous methods to synthesize evidence from multiple studies on a specific topic. It is widely used in academia, including medical and social science research. Social science is an academic discipline that focuses on human behaviour and society. However, consensus regarding the standards and criteria for conducting and reporting systematic reviews in social science is lacking. Previous studies have found that the quality of systematic reviews in social science varies depending on the topic, database, and country.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Objectives&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;This study evaluates the completeness of reporting and methodological quality of intervention and non-intervention systematic reviews in social science in China. Additionally, we explore factors that may influence quality.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Search Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;We searched three major Chinese electronic databases—CNKI, VIP, and Wangfang—for intervention and non-intervention reviews in social science published in Chinese journals from 1 January 2009 to 2 December 2022.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Selection Criteria&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;We included intervention and non-intervention reviews; however, we excluded overviews, qualitative syntheses, integrative reviews, rapid reviews, and evidence syntheses/summaries. We also excluded meta-analyses that used advanced methods (e.g., cross-sectional, cumulative, Bayesian, structural equation, or network meta-analyses) or that focused on instrument validation.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Data Collection and Analysis&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;We extracted data using a coding form with publication information and study content characteristics. This study conducted pilot extraction and quality assessment with four authors and formal extraction and assessment with two groups of four authors each. PRISMA2020 and MOOSE were used to evaluate the reporting completeness of intervention and non-intervention reviews. AMSTAR-2 and DART tools were adopted to assess their methodological quality. We described the characteristics of the included reviews with frequencies and percentages. We used SPSS (version 26.0) to conduct a linear regression analysis and ANOVA to explore the factors that may influence both completeness of reporting and methodological quality.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Main Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000","PeriodicalId":36698,"journal":{"name":"Campbell Systematic Reviews","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11743190/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143013133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effectiveness of psychosocial interventions for reducing problematic substance use, mental ill health, and housing instability in people experiencing homelessness in high income countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Chris O'Leary,&nbsp;Esther Coren,&nbsp;Sandor Gellen,&nbsp;Anton Roberts,&nbsp;Harry Armitage","doi":"10.1002/cl2.70019","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cl2.70019","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Background&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Adults experiencing homelessness in high income countries often also face issues of problematic substance use, mental ill health, in addition to housing instability, so it is important to understand what interventions might help address these issues. While there is growing evidence of the effectiveness of psychosocial interventions for the general population, limited evidence exists specifically for those experiencing homelessness.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Objectives&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;To summarise the existing evidence of whether psychosocial interventions work in reducing problematic substance use, mental ill health, and housing instability for adults experiencing homelessness in high income countries.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Search Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;We used searches undertaken for the Homelessness Effectiveness Evidence and Gap Map (EGM) 5th edition. These were supplemented with hand searches of key journals and a call for evidence.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Selection Criteria&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;We included all Randomised Control Trials and non-randomised studies where a comparison group was used and which examined psychosocial interventiONS for adults experiencing homelessness. ‘Psychosocial intervention’ is a broad term and covers several interventions, including cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT), contingency management, and motivational interviewing. We focused on studies that measure at least one of three outcomes: reduction in problematic substance use (alcohol and/or drugs); reduction in mental ill-health; reduction in housing instability.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Data Collection and Analysis&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;For included studies sourced from the EGM, we used the risk of bias assessments reported in the EGM. For included studies sourced from our own searches, we used the same tools used in the EGM to undertake our own assessments. We carried out meta-analysis where possible, and where not possible, presented included studies narratively.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Findings&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;We included 26 papers covering 23 individual intervention studies. All of the included studies were from the United States. Of the 26 papers, 14 were assessed as having medium or high risk of bias, with main issues being lack of masking/blinding, lack of power calculations, and high levels of drop-out.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;","PeriodicalId":36698,"journal":{"name":"Campbell Systematic Reviews","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11739802/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143013153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exposure to hate in online and traditional media: A systematic review and meta-analysis of the impact of this exposure on individuals and communities","authors":"Pablo Madriaza,&nbsp;Ghayda Hassan,&nbsp;Sébastien Brouillette-Alarie,&nbsp;Aoudou Njingouo Mounchingam,&nbsp;Loïc Durocher-Corfa,&nbsp;Eugene Borokhovski,&nbsp;David Pickup,&nbsp;Sabrina Paillé","doi":"10.1002/cl2.70018","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cl2.70018","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; The Problem&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;People use social media platforms to chat, search, and share information, express their opinions, and connect with others. But these platforms also facilitate the posting of divisive, harmful, and hateful messages, targeting groups and individuals, based on their race, religion, gender, sexual orientation, or political views. Hate content is not only a problem on the Internet, but also on traditional media, especially in places where the Internet is not widely available or in rural areas. Despite growing awareness of the harms that exposure to hate can cause, especially to victims, there is no clear consensus in the literature on what specific impacts this exposure, as bystanders, produces on individuals, groups, and the population at large. Most of the existing research has focused on analyzing the content and the extent of the problem. More research in this area is needed to develop better intervention programs that are adapted to the current reality of hate.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Objective&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;The objective of this review is to synthesize the empirical evidence on how media exposure to hate affects or is associated with various outcomes for individuals and groups.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Search Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Searches covered the period up to December 2021 to assess the impact of exposure to hate. The searches were performed using search terms across 20 databases, 51 related websites, the Google search engine, as well as other systematic reviews and related papers.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Selection Criteria&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;This review included any correlational, experimental, and quasi-experimental study that establishes an impact relationship and/or association between exposure to hate in online and traditional media and the resulting consequences on individuals or groups.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Data Collection and Analysis&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Fifty-five studies analyzing 101 effect sizes, classified into 43 different outcomes, were identified after the screening process. Initially, effect sizes were calculated based on the type of design and the statistics used in the studies, and then transformed into standardized mean differences. Each outcome was classified following an exhaustive review of the operational constructs present in the studies. These outcomes were grouped into five major dimensions: attitudinal changes, intergroup dynamics, interpersonal behaviors, political beliefs, and psyc","PeriodicalId":36698,"journal":{"name":"Campbell Systematic Reviews","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11736891/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143013216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PROTOCOL: Non-criminal justice interventions for countering cognitive and behavioural radicalisation amongst children and adolescents: A systematic review of effectiveness and implementation","authors":"James Lewis,&nbsp;Sarah Marsden,&nbsp;Anna Stefaniak,&nbsp;James Hewitt","doi":"10.1002/cl2.70020","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cl2.70020","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This is the protocol for a Campbell systematic review. The objectives are as follows. (1) Examine whether secondary and tertiary interventions delivered outside of the criminal justice system are effective at countering the cognitive and behavioural radicalisation of children and adolescents by synthesising evidence relating to relevant primary and secondary outcomes of effectiveness. (2) Examine whether secondary and tertiary interventions delivered outside of the criminal justice system are being implemented as intended by synthesising evidence that captures how interventions are implemented, considering whether they are implemented as expected or in ways that align with their underlying logic. (3) Identify those implementation factors (facilitators and barriers) and moderators that impact how interventions working with children and adolescents are delivered.</p>","PeriodicalId":36698,"journal":{"name":"Campbell Systematic Reviews","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11734190/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143013150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}