Campbell Systematic Reviews最新文献

{"title":"Protocol: Review Title: Investigating the Intersection of Parenting and Substance Use Recovery Identities: A Qualitative Scoping Review: A Systematic Review","authors":"Jenny B. O'Connor,&nbsp;Shane S. George,&nbsp;Morgan R. Klein,&nbsp;Nicklaus R. Herbst,&nbsp;Lauren Hoffman,&nbsp;Melis Lydston,&nbsp;John F. Kelly,&nbsp;Emily A. Hennessy","doi":"10.1002/cl2.70068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cl2.70068","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This is the protocol for a Campbell systematic review. The objectives are as follows: (1) What qualitative themes and sub-themes characterize the experience of parenting and addiction recovery in parents who self-identify as being in recovery or who are identified by the study authors as a sample in recovery (e.g., in the process/have resolved a SUD as indicated by stopping use of substances)? To what extent do these themes reveal how parents incorporate parenting and recovery identities as a core characteristic of oneself? (2) In what ways does gender shape the thematic evidence on how parenting identities intersect with recovery identities? (3) What are the barriers and facilitators for parents in accessing and utilizing addiction recovery services?</p>","PeriodicalId":36698,"journal":{"name":"Campbell Systematic Reviews","volume":"21 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cl2.70068","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145224521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PROTOCOL: New-Onset Diabetes Mellitus Post COVID-19 Infection: A Protocol for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis: A Systematic Review","authors":"Emma Cocking,&nbsp;Joseph Daher,&nbsp;Majid Alabbood","doi":"10.1002/cl2.70069","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cl2.70069","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Emerging evidence suggests that coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection may cause diabetes mellitus in patients without a prior history of the condition.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This review aims to determine the incidence of new-onset diabetes mellitus in COVID-19 patients compared to individuals without COVID-19, including rates of diabetic ketoacidosis, hyperglycaemia, mortality, and intensive care unit admission. Subgroup analyses will investigate patients receiving corticosteroid therapy for COVID-19, patients admitted to hospital due to COVID-19, and the incidence of new-onset diabetes mellitus in relation to diabetes mellitus worldwide. The incidence of new-onset diabetes mellitus post-infection after a 6–12-month follow-up will also be reported.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This protocol follows the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P) guidelines and is registered in PROSPERO (CRD42023457569). Eligible studies will include published and peer-reviewed cohort studies in English, after 1 December 2019. PubMed, Medline, Embase, and Scopus will be systematically searched. Included studies should compare new-onset diabetes mellitus incidence in COVID-19 patients against a control group without COVID-19. Two independent reviewers will extract data from included studies and assess risk of bias using the Newcastle-Ottawa quality assessment scale. A random-effects meta-analysis will compare the relative risk of new-onset diabetes mellitus post COVID-19 infection compared to non-infected individuals.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The findings of this review will contribute to understanding the bidirectional relationship between COVID-19 and diabetes mellitus and inform clinical management strategies for patients at risk.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Systematic Review Registration</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>PROSPERO CRD42023457569.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36698,"journal":{"name":"Campbell Systematic Reviews","volume":"21 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12481428/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145207928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protocol: Strategies to Enhance Inclusion in Informed Consent Practice for People With Vision and/or Hearing Support Needs: A Systematic Review","authors":"Fleur O'Hare,&nbsp;Sujani Thrimawithana,&nbsp;Aimee Clague,&nbsp;Eden G. Robertson,&nbsp;David Foran,&nbsp;Caroline Ondracek,&nbsp;Camille Paynter,&nbsp;Tessa Saunders,&nbsp;Lauren N. Ayton","doi":"10.1002/cl2.70065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cl2.70065","url":null,"abstract":"<p>An equitable and accessible informed consent process is needed to support agency and mutual decision-making. This systematic review aims to gather and characterise the evidence supporting methods that enhance inclusion and accessibility in informed consent practice for people with vision and/or hearing support needs. It will address the research question: what strategies are being used to enhance inclusive consent practice for people with vision impairment, people who are d/Deaf or hard of hearing, and people who are d/Deafblind. Additionally, the review aims to generate recommendations to facilitate the uptake of accessibility practices within informed consent procedures. This systematic review will build on current evidence for the positive impact of intentional actions to support accessible communication and information exchange. It may guide future work on intervention development and primary research in improving equity in clinical care and research.</p>","PeriodicalId":36698,"journal":{"name":"Campbell Systematic Reviews","volume":"21 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cl2.70065","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145181615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to “Medical-Financial Partnerships for Improving Financial and Medical Outcomes for Lower-Income Americans: A Systematic Review”","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/cl2.70066","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cl2.70066","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Birkenmaier, J., B. R. Maynard, H. M. Blumhagen, and H. Shanks. 2024. “Medical-Financial Partnerships for Improving Financial and Medical Outcomes for Lower-Income Americans: A Systematic Review.” <i>Campbell Systematic Reviews</i> 20: e70008.</p><p>https://doi.org/10.1002/cl2.70008.</p><p>Below reference has been added to the reference list as well as cited in text in Section 4.2.1. It was missing in the originally published article.</p><p>Sterne, J. A. C., J. Savović, M. J. Page, et al. 2019. “RoB 2: A Revised Tool for Assessing Risk of Bias in Randomised Trials.” <i>BMJ</i> 366: l4898.</p><p>We apologize for this error.</p>","PeriodicalId":36698,"journal":{"name":"Campbell Systematic Reviews","volume":"21 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12439182/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145081913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Campbell Title Registrations to Date – September 2025, and Discontinued Protocols","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/cl2.70067","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cl2.70067","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;Details of new titles for systematic reviews or evidence and gap maps that have been accepted by the Editor of a Campbell Coordinating Group are published in each issue of the journal. If you would like to receive a copy of the approved title registration form, please send an email to the Managing Editor of the relevant Coordinating Group.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;A list of discontinued protocols appears below these new titles. If you are interested to continue a project, please get in touch with the Managing Editor of the relevant Coordinating Group or email &lt;span&gt;[email protected]&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The Impact of Technology Designed to Enhance IADL Management in Older Adults With Neurodegenerative Conditions on Informal Caregiver Wellbeing: A Systematic Review&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Kevin Gines, Alyssa Weakley, Sarah Tomaszewski, Beth Tweedy, Bruce Abbott, Kaila Labrador, Rachel Park&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;14 August 2025&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Interactions in Dementia Therapies: A Systematic Review&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ivy Meihua Su, Winsy Wing Sze Wong, Keyu Li&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;30 June 2025&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Emerging Roles and Care Impacts of Geriatric Pharmacists in Outpatient Multidisciplinary Frailty and Geriatric Syndrome Management: A Systematic Review&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ravi Shankar, Fiona Devi, Xu Qian&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;14 August 2025&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Physical Activity and Quality of Life in Older Adults With Chronic Illness and Disability: A Scoping Review&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Wei Wei, Huaijin Xu, Xiaotian Gao, J. J. Pionke, Chungyi Chiu&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;14 August 2025&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Mapping Financial Literacy Programs for the Ageing Population: Protocol for a Scoping Review Populations&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Carina Sofia Teixeira Fernandes, Isabel Silva, Inês Gomes&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;2 September 2025&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The Impact of Chatbot Customer Service in the E-Commerce Industry on User Satisfaction: A Systematic Review&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Xuemei Zhao, Zhifei Sun, Yijie Zhang, Liping Guo, Yufeng Wen, Wenjie Zhou&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;3 July 2025&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Dual-Career Academic Couples: A Scoping Review of Drivers, Benefits and Challenges&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Blandine Ribotta, Antonia Velicu, Peter Hilpert, Bruno Lemaitre&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;20 June 2024&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The Causal Impacts of Digital Training for Entrepreneurs in Developing Countries&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Alejandro Estefan, Paul Winters&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;5 June 2025&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The Use of Digital Platforms to Enhance Adolescents' Sexual Reproductive Health Literacy in the Southern African Development Community: A Scoping Review&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Olubunmi Ogbodu, Ayobami Adekola&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;22 June 2025&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Global Incidence and Prevalence of Paediatric Acute-Onset Neuropsychiatric Syndrome (PANS) and Paediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Disorder Associated With Streptococcal Infection (PANDAS) Diagnostic Label in Children Under 18 Years Old. A Systematic Review&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Blessing Aina, Alastair Sutcliffe, Kate Green, Yan Lu&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;22 June 2025&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Later-Life Consequences of Firearm Violence Exposure in Childhood and Adolescence: A Systematic Review&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Diego A. Diaz-Faes, Charles Branas, Sonali Rajan&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;22 June 2025&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Understanding Resilience in School Bullying Among Generation Y and Z: A Scoping Re","PeriodicalId":36698,"journal":{"name":"Campbell Systematic Reviews","volume":"21 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12439170/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145081778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Interventions to Improve Access to Financial Services for Micro, Small, and Medium-Sized Enterprises in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: An Evidence and Gap Map","authors":"Nina Ashley O. Dela Cruz,&nbsp;Alyssa Cyrielle B. Villanueva,&nbsp;Lovely Tolin,&nbsp;Sabrina Disse,&nbsp;Robert Lensink,&nbsp;Howard White","doi":"10.1002/cl2.70061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cl2.70061","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;Micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs) account for most firms in most economies, particularly in developing nations, and are key contributors to job creation and global economic development. However, the most significant impediment to MSME development in low- and middle-income countries is a lack of access to both investment and working capital financing. Due to a lack of essential track record, appropriate collateral, and credit history, MSMEs are frequently denied business loans by traditional lending institutions. In addition, MSMEs face institutional, structural, and non-financial factors that further impede access to funding. To address this, both public and private sectors employ indirect and direct finance interventions to help MSMEs in developing and emerging economies enhance and increase their financing needs. Given the importance of MSMEs in the economy, a comprehensive overview and systematic synthesizing of the evidence of the effects of financial access interventions for MSMEs, capturing a wide variety of outcome variables, is useful. The objective of this evidence and gap map (EGM) is to describe the existing evidence on the effects of various interventions dedicated to supporting and improving MSMEs' access to credit, as well as the corresponding firm performance and/or welfare outcomes. An EGM is a systematic evidence product that displays the existing evidence relevant to a specific research question. To better understand the various interventions dedicated to supporting and improving MSMEs' access to credit, as well as their outcomes, we conducted electronic searches in databases using various search strings. This search strategy was supplemented with gray literature searches and systematic review citation tracking to ensure that the research team had identified a significant portion of relevant research works. We included studies that examined interventions aimed at enhancing MSMEs' access to finance in low- and middle-income countries, targeting MSMEs including households, smallholder farmers and single person enterprise, as well as financial institutions/agencies and their staff. This EGM considered five types of interventions: (i) strategy, legislation and regulatory; (ii) financing systems and institutions; (iii) access facilitation; (iv) lending instruments or financial products; and (v) demand-side programs for financial literacy. On the other hand, the EGM also covered outcome domains for policy environment, financial inclusion, firm performance, and welfare. Both impact evaluations and systematic reviews of relevant interventions for a previously defined target population were included in this EGM, whether they had experimental or non-experimental designs. We considered studies that were completed or in progress. All eligible studies included a suitable comparison group for interventions. For practical reasons, studies were limited to papers written in English, with no restrictions by publication date. B","PeriodicalId":36698,"journal":{"name":"Campbell Systematic Reviews","volume":"21 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cl2.70061","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145021980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to “Parenting Interventions to Support Parent/Child Attachment and Psychosocial Adjustment in Foster and Adoptive Parents and Children: A Systematic Review”","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/cl2.70064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cl2.70064","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Dalgaard, N. T., T. Filges, B. C. A. Viinholt, and M. Pontoppidan. 2021. “Parenting Interventions to Support Parent/Child Attachment and Psychosocial Adjustment in Foster and Adoptive Parents and Children: A Systematic Review.” <i>Campbell Systematic Reviews</i> 18, no. 1: e1209. https://doi.org/10.1002/cl2.1209.</p><p>The “Characteristics of Included Studies” section and tables were erroneously included. Content under the “CHARACTERISTICS OF STUDIES” up until the “Characteristics of Excluded Studies” section starts has been removed.</p><p>We apologize for this error.</p>","PeriodicalId":36698,"journal":{"name":"Campbell Systematic Reviews","volume":"21 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cl2.70064","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144869575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Standardized Mean Differences: No So Standard After All","authors":"Juyoung Jung,&nbsp;Ariel M. Aloe","doi":"10.1002/cl2.70056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cl2.70056","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Meta-analyses often use standardized mean differences (SMDs), such as Cohen's <i>d</i> and Hedges' <i>g</i>, to compare treatment effects. However, these SMDs are highly sensitive to the within-study sample variability used for their standardization, potentially distorting individual effect size estimates and compromising overall meta-analytic conclusions. This study introduces harmonized standardized mean differences (HSMDs), a novel sensitivity analysis framework designed to systematically evaluate and address such distortions. The HSMD harmonizes relative within-study variability across studies by employing the coefficient of variation (CV) to establish empirical benchmarks (e.g., CV quartiles). SMDs are then recalculated under these consistent variability assumptions. Applying this framework to Meta-analytic data reveals the extent to which (original) effect sizes and pooled results are influenced by initial, study-specific standard deviations to standardize mean differences. Furthermore, the method facilitates the inclusion of studies lacking reported variability metrics into the sensitivity analysis, enhancing the comprehensiveness of the meta-analytic synthesis.</p>","PeriodicalId":36698,"journal":{"name":"Campbell Systematic Reviews","volume":"21 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cl2.70056","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144861815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protocol: The Impact of Parental Incarceration on Families Affected: An Evidence and Gap Map: A Systematic Review","authors":"Daragh Bradshaw,&nbsp;Lynn Fenton,&nbsp;Fiona Donson,&nbsp;Aisling Parkes,&nbsp;Ben Raikes,&nbsp;Leonie Ludwig,&nbsp;Julie Poehlmann","doi":"10.1002/cl2.70055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cl2.70055","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This is the protocol for a Campbell systematic review. The objectives are as follows. Identify and map all existing primary studies and systematic reviews (published and unpublished) on social, emotional, educational, and behavioural issues in families affected by parental incarceration, creating a live, searchable and publicly available Evidence and Gap Map. We will focus on children affected by parental incarceration, their caregivers, and incarcerated parents. This map will include primary studies, reviews as well as intervention and evaluation papers. The purpose of the current research is to provide researchers, practitioners, and policymakers with a map of available evidence, identifying areas that warrant additional research or synthesis, as well as highlighting gaps in our knowledge.</p>","PeriodicalId":36698,"journal":{"name":"Campbell Systematic Reviews","volume":"21 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cl2.70055","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144861816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving Energy Access, Climate and Socio-Economic Outcomes Through Off-Grid Electrification Technologies: A Systematic Review","authors":"Cem Yavuz,&nbsp;Zafeer Ravat,&nbsp;María Daniela Anda León,&nbsp;Sanghwa Lee,&nbsp;Paulo Fernandes,&nbsp;Quinn Reifmesser,&nbsp;Frederick Elliott Gaved,&nbsp;Samantha Pilato,&nbsp;Constanza Gonzalez Parrao,&nbsp;Birte Snilstveit","doi":"10.1002/cl2.70060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cl2.70060","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;Halfway through the final decade of actions towards the 2030 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), progress toward SDG7 is off track. It is estimated that by 2030, 660 million people, mainly rural populations within Sub-Saharan Africa, will be without electricity. One promising avenue to counteract this trend is the provision of decentralised, or off-grid, renewable energy. Our systematic review synthesised the rigorous evidence evaluating off-grid electrification interventions and provides policymakers, practitioners and researchers across the sustainable energy field with an updated and comprehensive analysis of the impact of off-grid electrification interventions. Our systematic review synthesised the available rigorous evidence on the effects of off-grid technologies in low- and middle-income countries. We assessed which off-grid interventions are effective at supporting access, climate and socio-economic development outcomes, how these effects vary by region, population and other intervention characteristics and the main challenges and facilitators for interventions to benefit participants. We conducted a systematic search in 18 academic databases and 29 grey literature sources. We supplemented our searches by conducting backward and forward citation tracking, publishing a call for additional studies and contacting subject experts. To identify additional qualitative studies, we performed additional searches for studies related to interventions from our included impact evaluations. We included experimental and quasi-experimental impact evaluations of interventions promoting the use and uptake of off-grid technologies in low- and middle-income countries. Interventions fell into one of four categories: the &lt;i&gt;direct provision&lt;/i&gt; of technologies, the &lt;i&gt;opportunity to purchase/market expansion&lt;/i&gt; of technologies, &lt;i&gt;subsidies and credit&lt;/i&gt; to purchase technologies, &lt;i&gt;information provision&lt;/i&gt; promoting the use of technologies. Studies in any language were included, though they must have been published since 2000. We also included qualitative studies to understand the main challenges and facilitators of intervention effectiveness. Quantitative data was extracted for all estimates deemed relevant and the risk of bias for each of these estimates was assessed independently by two reviewers. When data allowed us to do so, we calculated standardised mean differences for results from each study and used random effects meta-analysis to synthesise effectiveness findings for comparable outcomes. We provided forest plots and measures of heterogeneity for all outcomes and tested for publication bias in outcomes with more than 10 effect sizes. When feasible, we conducted moderator analysis to understand how effects varied by intervention characteristics and checked whether results were sensitive to the risk of bias score of estimates. For qualitative studies, we extracted and analysed data based on a previously developed framework for challenges and f","PeriodicalId":36698,"journal":{"name":"Campbell Systematic Reviews","volume":"21 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cl2.70060","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144843472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}