Joana Da Costa Freitas, A. Amaral, Maria Joana Baptista Barbosa, Jeritalia Corosa Corosa Francisco, Madalena Da Costa
{"title":"Reproductive performance of local goats in Municipality of Liquica","authors":"Joana Da Costa Freitas, A. Amaral, Maria Joana Baptista Barbosa, Jeritalia Corosa Corosa Francisco, Madalena Da Costa","doi":"10.33865/wjb.009.01.1262","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33865/wjb.009.01.1262","url":null,"abstract":"One of the small ruminants with a lot of promise and popularity in the Municipality of Liquica are kacang goats. The purpose of this study is to determine how well the local goats in Liquica Municipality reproduce. In this study, a quantitative approach was taken. The research location was chosen using the purposive sampling method. The criterion of having at least three goats and five years of experience with them were used to choose the responders for this study. Solvin's formula was employed to ascertain the sample size. The variables that were observed were the kidding interval, size of the litter, length of pregnancy, and age at puberty. The findings demonstrated that the local goats in Tibar Village had good reproductive performance. Of the 71 respondents, they reported that the average age at puberty was 6.51 ± 0.65, the average gestation period was 5.08 ± 0.28, the average litter size was 1.08 ± 0.36, and the average calving interval was 8.86±0.59. Ulmera Village respondents, numbering seventy, stated that the local goats' puberty age was 7.84 ± 0.93, their gestation period was 5.09 ± 0.28, their litter size was 1.6 ± 0.48, and their calving interval was 8.56 ± 0.53. In Liquisa Municipality, the reproductive performance of Javanese goats is deemed satisfactory despite farmers' continued adherence to customary rearing practices.","PeriodicalId":366978,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Biology and Biotechnology","volume":" 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140687316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Integrative bioinformatics analysis of transcriptomic data sheds light on the molecular complexity of parkinson's disease and potential therapeutic targets","authors":"Qudsia Yousafi, Sawaira Asghar, Misbah Shaukat","doi":"10.33865/wjb.009.01.1161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33865/wjb.009.01.1161","url":null,"abstract":"Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that affects millions of individuals worldwide, with an increasing prevalence in aging populations. In this study, we retrieved the mRNA expression dataset, GSE165082, for PD through GEOmnibus. Total of 220 downregulated and 354 upregulated genes were identified after data normalization. Functional annotation carried out by DAVID tools, revealed that these DEGs were mainly enriched in biological processes i.e., cell division and protein phosphorylation, and they were localized mostly cytoplasm and nucleus. Two molecular function protein binding and ATP binding were predominant. Additionally KEGG pathway analysis highlighted their involvement in neurodegenerative, cancer, alzheimer's and coronavirus diseases. Armadillo-type fold and Armadillo-like helical domains were found by INTERPRO while TKc domain by SMART. Transcription factors IRF1 was predicted by FunRich tool. Upregulated genes were found expressed in 6 sites i.e., Palate, Ventral striatum, Pluripotent stem cells, Ganglia, Curtilage and Ciliary muscle. A protein-protein interaction network was constructed by using Cytoscape v 6.0. Ten hub genes EFI3A, RPL28, SMG8. UPF2, XAF1, IFITM1, IFIT3, LY63, IFI3 and LY6B were identified by Cytohubba. The expression patterns of hub genes across different organs and immune response cells using a heatmap and expression of EIF3 was found in almost all organs except liver. MicroRNA for were predicted by FunRich tool. Finally, we predicted microRNAs for RPL28, SMG8, UPF2 and EIF3a that could potentially regulate these hub genes, providing insights into post-transcriptional gene regulation. This comprehensive analysis contributes to our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying Parkinson's disease and provides a foundation for future research and therapeutic development in this complex and challenging condition","PeriodicalId":366978,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Biology and Biotechnology","volume":"5 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140699041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abeer Mahmoud Mohammad, Halah Ahmad Abd Almeneem, Wafa Mohammed Asiri, Ishraga Abdullah Sulieman Mohamed
{"title":"A View on technology and controls for epidemic preparedness and the growth of COVID-19 disease in Saudi Arabia","authors":"Abeer Mahmoud Mohammad, Halah Ahmad Abd Almeneem, Wafa Mohammed Asiri, Ishraga Abdullah Sulieman Mohamed","doi":"10.33865/wjb.009.02.1283","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33865/wjb.009.02.1283","url":null,"abstract":"This work emphasizes that the best chance of ending the pandemic lies in the Measures that can help us respond to these epidemic threats more effectively than before in the scope of protection from epidemic risks that we were not aware of before the outbreak of the disease, which is to benefit from the study of previous experiences. The work show the importance of technology about how to prepare for and handle any pandemic by discussing a successful case from the past. We examine Saudi Arabia's COVID-19 pandemic response experiences. We proposed a case evolution study from the southern region of Jazan to demonstrate the consequences of these techniques. Data on the daily Jazan COVID-19 infection curve collected from July 1st to September 30th, 2020, was processed using multiple Python software modules, such as encoder-decoder LSTM, 1D-CNN, and Complex network analysis of time series to identify changes within the infection curve's structure. A Gaussian modeling study was performed to compare the data movement with the protection from epidemic risks computed by stratification based on the data group.The network analysis shows that hubs are stable while medium and low-degree nodes are unstable. Also, from the perspective of Gaussian modeling, the COVID-19 infection curve parts indicate that the pandemic in Saudi Arabia is about to peak and move into the second (declining) half of the bell-shaped distribution.Technology in many areas and internet access make Saudi Arabia's social separation strategies a pandemic-eradication success story","PeriodicalId":366978,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Biology and Biotechnology","volume":"5 32","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140712391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Taxonomic & biological annotations on six endangered shark species found in the landings at Karachi Fish Harbour with reference to some conservation strategy measures","authors":"Rabiya Nasir, N. Afsar","doi":"10.33865/wjb.009.01.0869","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33865/wjb.009.01.0869","url":null,"abstract":"Identification based on taxonomy of six (6) shark species that have been occasionally seen in the landings of Karachi Fish Harbour (KFH) was carried out in this study. Between 2014 and 2023, field and laboratory observations were made in five different surveys. These uncommon shark species were identified as Carcharhinus amblyrhynchus, C. amboinensis, C.hemiodon, C. longimanus, C. macloti and Stegostoma fasciatum. The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) have described these species of sharks as endangered, data deficient, critically endangered and near threatened species respectively in their Red List 2022. These species are being captured and sold for markets connected to domestic and international commerce or export procedures, despite the fact that they are endangered and on the verge of extinction. Regrettably, the main reasons for this out-of-control situation and the extinction of these protected species are the local fishermen's misunderstanding of the laws and the inadequate monitoring provided by higher authorities","PeriodicalId":366978,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Biology and Biotechnology","volume":"101 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140709116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Quality assessments of spring water available in various Districts of Azad Kashmir","authors":"Iram Aslam, Hafiz Rizwan Abid, H. Rahman, Waqas Asghar, Nauman Khalid","doi":"10.33865/wjb.008.02.1251","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33865/wjb.008.02.1251","url":null,"abstract":"The study was conducted to find out the health of spring water available in different districts of Azad Jammu Kashmir. A total of 8 districts (Muzaffarabad, Kotli, Poonch, Sudhanati, Jhelum Valley, Bagh, Neelum, and Haveli) were selected where spring water is available and people are using that water for drinking purposes. Physiochemical analysis and microbiological analysis were monitored by using standard methods (PSQCA and WHO). The physiochemical analysis of most samples revealed the range as per the standard of PSQCA and WHO. On the other hand, in microbiological analysis, total plate count, coliform, and E. coli were found higher in districts Bagh and Haveli. The results of the microbiological analysis may be influenced by contamination during sample collection or by environmental circumstances. ","PeriodicalId":366978,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Biology and Biotechnology","volume":"66 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140726170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Chromium-stress alleviation study using plant growth promoting rhizobacteria for maize ( Zea mays L.)","authors":"Rabia Hanif, Ambreen Ahmed, Aqsa Tariq","doi":"10.33865/wjb.009.02.01128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33865/wjb.009.02.01128","url":null,"abstract":"Heavy metal contamination is one of the major environmental threats due to industrialization and urbanization. Among various heavy metals, chromium is of recent concern because it is considered the most hazardous metal pollutant in the environment. Its toxicity alters the process of germination and various other growth parameters ultimately affecting its yield. While maize (Zea mays L.) is one of the most widely cultivated cereal crop being used for fodder, feed and food purposes. It is multipurpose cereal crop and is also used as raw material for different industries. Hence, it is mandatory to come up with effective eco-friendly technique to remediate chromium (Cr) to protect the environment from its toxic impacts. During current research, plant microbe interaction was carried out with Cr resistant strains of Bacillus cereus (3a), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (DS4), Bacillus nitratireducens (TP8), Enterobacter cloacae (A9G) and Pseudomonas sp. (B3) that were selected to observe their beneficial impact on corn (Zea mays L.) growth in presence of Cr stress (150 & 300 µg/mL). Results have indicated that growth and biochemical parameters were enhanced due to bacterial inoculation. In comparison to control, maximum increment in shoot length, number of leaves, root length and fresh weight of inoculated plants was noted up to 46, 115, 76, and 42% respectively. Maximum increment in protein and chlorophyll content of inoculated plants was noted up to 304 and 71% respectively as compared to control. The present study suggests the use of above-mentioned highly chromium resistant bacterial strains to remediate chromium contaminated sites and to improve agricultural production.","PeriodicalId":366978,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Biology and Biotechnology","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140230866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Jahangeer, Muhammad Siddique Awan, R. A. Minhas
{"title":"Assessment of butterflies diversity, and distribution in Ghamot National Park, Western Himalaya, Neelum valley, Pakistan","authors":"M. Jahangeer, Muhammad Siddique Awan, R. A. Minhas","doi":"10.33865/wjb.009.02.1160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33865/wjb.009.02.1160","url":null,"abstract":"Biodiversity measures, species richness and species evenness. Species richness means the number of species present in designated area whereas evenness stands for relative abundance of each species. Butterflies are very important economically. They feed on nectar from flowers by using proboscis. Butterflies act as excellent bio indicator of health of natural ecosystem. The fauna in the study area lacks comprehensive documentation hence there has been no previous assessment of butterfly biodiversity. The study was conducted to estimate species richness, species evenness, and species diversity through a comparative analysis across different habitat types. The Pollard walk method, specifically a butterfly transects count and visual Surveys was used to collect specimen in Ghamot National Park divided into 8 localities. A total of 37 transects covering an area of 12.55 km 2 were established and observed on a monthly basis from June 2020 to July 2021. A collection of 211 specimens was obtained using various standard methods. In order to assess the butterfly population, diversity metrics including the Shannon-Wiener index, Shannon equitability index, Margalef index, and Simpson index were employed. The study documented a total of 539 individuals representing 16 species and 3 butterfly families in 8 different localities with varying habitats. The forest-dominated zones exhibited the highest abundance (n=266; 49.53%) and species richness (n=15; 93.75). Additionally, the forest zone demonstrated the maximum values for the Shannon-Wiener diversity index (3.77) and Simpson index (0.92), while the riparian zone displayed the lowest diversity (3.02) and Simpson index (0.89) among the four selected localities. Therefore, it is recommended that regular monitoring of the study area be undertaken to observe potential fluctuations in butterfly diversity. Continuous surveillance and comparative analysis of data from year to year are essential for identifying any shifts in butterfly populations","PeriodicalId":366978,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Biology and Biotechnology","volume":"96 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140261328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jamshaid Ali Junaid, Huma Saleem, Khazina Jamshaid, Iram Sharif, Muhammad Azam Khan, Umara Sahar Rana, Saba Akram
{"title":"Effect of chromium and lead on seedlings and yield contributing parameters of maize (Zea mays L.)","authors":"Jamshaid Ali Junaid, Huma Saleem, Khazina Jamshaid, Iram Sharif, Muhammad Azam Khan, Umara Sahar Rana, Saba Akram","doi":"10.33865/wjb.009.02.1158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33865/wjb.009.02.1158","url":null,"abstract":"The development and output of maize plants are impacted by heavy metals in a number of ways, and they also hinder a number of physiological processes. Humans have major health issues when heavy metals are present in their diet. This study examined the impact of several heavy metals (both singly and in combination) on maize yield and numerous yield-related parameters. A replicated totally randomized factorial design was used to analyse eight parents—five lines, three testers, and their crosses. Data were recorded on days to 50% germination, fresh root length, fresh root weight, dry root weight, dry shoot weight, dry root to shoot weight ratio, chlorophyll content, and leaf temperature at seedling stage while yield contributing parameters like cobs per plant, grain rows per ear, grain yield per plant, and 100 grain weight were recorded after harvesting. These measurements were then analysed using line × tester analysis to determine the effects of combining ability and to evaluate the variations in heavy metals uptake in maize grain. With the exception of cobs per plant, all of the attributes in the combining ability analysis produced significant results. The genotype Sulltan and hybrid (K54TMS × Agatti 84) were found to only absorb a minimal quantity of the metals (Cr and Pb) both separately and in combination. This suggests that they should be used in breeding programs going forward to increase the genotypes' resistance to heavy metal absorption.","PeriodicalId":366978,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Biology and Biotechnology","volume":"8 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140267827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Unlocking the antibacterial potential of bacteriocin peptides: A subtractive proteomics approach to target food spoiling Serratia marcescens","authors":"Qudsia Yousafi, Dua Fatima","doi":"10.33865/wjb.009.02.1249","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33865/wjb.009.02.1249","url":null,"abstract":"Food deterioration is a serious environmental issue as well as a major concern of the food industry. Bacteriocins, a natural food preservative, can help resolve these issues. The peptide sequences of 111 bacteriocins were obtained from UniProt. The physicochemical properties and immunogenicity of peptides were identified. Final 55 non immunogenic antimicrobial peptides were selected. Full proteome of Serratia marcescens, containing 4,706 proteins, was downloaded from UniProt. The subtractive proteomic approaches were used to select target pathogenic proteins. Only seventy-two proteins from outer membrane, cytoplasmic membrane, extracellular and periplasm were selected for further analysis. Only two S. marcescens proteins, UPI0002AF278A and UPI0003C9BA85, were docked with 55 bacteriocins. Five protein-bacteriocin complexes were subjected to MD simulation by using Amber tool. Three complexes, UPI0003C9BA85-P36504, UPI0003C9BA85-P80925m and UPI0003C9BA85-P86394m were found stable during 50ns run of MD simulation. These three bacteriocins are suggested for further laboratory testing to be used as food preservatives","PeriodicalId":366978,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Biology and Biotechnology","volume":"134 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140423380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Muhammad Huzaifa, Naseem Akhtar, S. Zahoor, Muhammad Hasan Abdullah, Muhammad Arslan, Ahsaan Khan Niazi
{"title":"Hemp fibers as sustainable reinforcement in natural fiber composites: A comprehensive review","authors":"Muhammad Huzaifa, Naseem Akhtar, S. Zahoor, Muhammad Hasan Abdullah, Muhammad Arslan, Ahsaan Khan Niazi","doi":"10.33865/wjb.009.02.1242","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33865/wjb.009.02.1242","url":null,"abstract":"Cannabis sativa, sometimes known as industrial hemp, is frequently used for manufacturing of high-cellulose bast (highly fibrous) fibers. The need for environmental conservation, combined with the beneficial characteristics of these fibers like their low thickness, high definite forte, and toughness prompts a strong interest in their utilization. Additionally, a great deal of effort has been put into developing novel materials thus improves the mechanical performance through surface modifications. Hemp fibers' most promising uses involve hybridization or as reinforcement in polymeric composites. However, more research is required to enhance their properties and broaden the scope of their uses. In the context of long-lasting applications and the ability to consistently reproduce the desired qualities of these composites, one significant concern is the biodegradability aspect, which requires careful consideration. This review offers a comprehensive examination of the existing body of research on hemp fibers, encompassing aspects such as the mechanical as well as chemical properties of hemp fibers, surface enhancements, hybrid composite materials, and both current and prospective applications. ","PeriodicalId":366978,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Biology and Biotechnology","volume":"119 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140447064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}