{"title":"4D fabrication of shape-changing systems for tissue engineering: state of the art and perspectives.","authors":"Lorenzo Bonetti, Giulia Scalet","doi":"10.1007/s40964-024-00743-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40964-024-00743-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In recent years, four-dimensional (4D) fabrication has emerged as a powerful technology capable of revolutionizing the field of tissue engineering. This technology represents a shift in perspective from traditional tissue engineering approaches, which generally rely on static-or passive-structures (e.g., scaffolds, constructs) unable of adapting to changes in biological environments. In contrast, 4D fabrication offers the unprecedented possibility of fabricating complex designs with spatiotemporal control over structure and function in response to environment stimuli, thus mimicking biological processes. In this review, an overview of the state of the art of 4D fabrication technology for the obtainment of cellularized constructs is presented, with a focus on shape-changing soft materials. First, the approaches to obtain cellularized constructs are introduced, also describing conventional and non-conventional fabrication techniques with their relative advantages and limitations. Next, the main families of shape-changing soft materials, namely shape-memory polymers and shape-memory hydrogels are discussed and their use in 4D fabrication in the field of tissue engineering is described. Ultimately, current challenges and proposed solutions are outlined, and valuable insights into future research directions of 4D fabrication for tissue engineering are provided to disclose its full potential.</p>","PeriodicalId":36643,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Additive Manufacturing","volume":"10 4","pages":"1913-1943"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11926060/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143693766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yunjie Hao, Chuanyung Wu, Yuchuan Su, Jude Curran, James R Henstock, Fangang Tseng
{"title":"A 4D printed self-assembling PEGDA microscaffold fabricated by digital light processing for arthroscopic articular cartilage tissue engineering.","authors":"Yunjie Hao, Chuanyung Wu, Yuchuan Su, Jude Curran, James R Henstock, Fangang Tseng","doi":"10.1007/s40964-022-00360-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40964-022-00360-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Articular cartilage in synovial joints such as the knee has limited capability to regenerate independently, and most clinical options for focal cartilage repair merely delay total joint replacement. Tissue engineering presents a repair strategy in which an injectable cell-laden scaffold material is used to reconstruct the joint in situ through mechanical stabilisation and cell-mediated regeneration. In this study, we designed and 3D-printed millimetre-scale micro-patterned PEGDA biomaterial microscaffolds which self-assemble through tessellation at a scale relevant for applications in osteochondral cartilage reconstruction. Using simulated chondral lesions in an in vitro model, a series of scaffold designs and viscous delivery solutions were assessed. Hexagonal microscaffolds (750 μm x 300 μm) demonstrated the best coverage of a model cartilage lesion (at 73.3%) when injected with a 1% methyl cellulose solution. When chondrocytes were introduced to the biomaterial via a collagen hydrogel, they successfully engrafted with the printed microscaffolds and survived for at least 14 days in vitro, showing the feasibility of reconstructing stratified cartilaginous tissue using this strategy. Our study demonstrates a promising application of this 4D-printed injectable technique for future clinical applications in osteochondral tissue engineering.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40964-022-00360-0.</p>","PeriodicalId":36643,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Additive Manufacturing","volume":"9 1","pages":"3-14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10851926/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139708103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Impact of printing parameters on in-plane tensile and fracture toughness of fused filament fabricated PEEK","authors":"M. Refat, E. Zappino, A. Pagani","doi":"10.1007/s40964-023-00554-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40964-023-00554-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36643,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Additive Manufacturing","volume":"50 s176","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139145994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Adrianna Staszewska, Deepali P. Patil, Akshatha C. Dixith, R. Neamtu, D. Lados
{"title":"A machine learning methodology for porosity classification and process map prediction in laser powder bed fusion","authors":"Adrianna Staszewska, Deepali P. Patil, Akshatha C. Dixith, R. Neamtu, D. Lados","doi":"10.1007/s40964-023-00544-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40964-023-00544-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36643,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Additive Manufacturing","volume":"76 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139161254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Cortis, Daniela Pilone, G. Broggiato, F. Campana, Danilo Tatananni, D. Orlandi
{"title":"Setting of L-PBF parameters for obtaining high density and mechanical performance of AISI 316L and 16MnCr5 alloys with fine laser spot size","authors":"D. Cortis, Daniela Pilone, G. Broggiato, F. Campana, Danilo Tatananni, D. Orlandi","doi":"10.1007/s40964-023-00556-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40964-023-00556-y","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36643,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Additive Manufacturing","volume":"8 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138944271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"4D printing of shape memory polymer with continuous carbon fiber","authors":"S. S. Kumar, J. Akmal, Mika Salmi","doi":"10.1007/s40964-023-00553-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40964-023-00553-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36643,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Additive Manufacturing","volume":" 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138961846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pedro Rendas, Lígia Figueiredo, Ricardo Cláudio, Catarina Vidal, Bruno A. R. Soares
{"title":"Investigating the effects of printing temperatures and deposition on the compressive properties and density of 3D printed polyetheretherketone","authors":"Pedro Rendas, Lígia Figueiredo, Ricardo Cláudio, Catarina Vidal, Bruno A. R. Soares","doi":"10.1007/s40964-023-00550-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40964-023-00550-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36643,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Additive Manufacturing","volume":"3 s4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138967901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jeferson T. Pacheco, Marcelo T. Veiga, Marcelo T. dos Santos, Luís G. Trabasso
{"title":"Status of high-speed laser cladding process: an up-to-date review","authors":"Jeferson T. Pacheco, Marcelo T. Veiga, Marcelo T. dos Santos, Luís G. Trabasso","doi":"10.1007/s40964-023-00546-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40964-023-00546-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36643,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Additive Manufacturing","volume":"2 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138971956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Benedetti, M. Perini, M. Vanazzi, A. Giorgini, G. Macoretta, C. Menapace
{"title":"Atomized scrap powder feedstock for sustainable Inconel 718 additive manufacturing via LPBF: a study of static and fatigue properties","authors":"M. Benedetti, M. Perini, M. Vanazzi, A. Giorgini, G. Macoretta, C. Menapace","doi":"10.1007/s40964-023-00547-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40964-023-00547-z","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36643,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Additive Manufacturing","volume":"13 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138979594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}